Behavioural and biochemical stress responses of Palinurus elephas after exposure to boat noise pollution in tank

This study examined the effects of boat noise on the behavioural and biochemical parameters of the Mediterranean spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas).The experiment was conducted in a tank equipped with a video and audio recording system. 18 experimental trials, assigned to boat noise and control conditions, were performed using lobsters in single and group of 4 specimens. After a 1. h habituation period, we audio- and video-recorded the lobsters for 1. h. During the experimental phase, the animals assigned to the boat groups were exposed to boat noise pollution (a random sequence of boat noises). Exposure to the noise produced significant variations in locomotor behaviours and haemolymphatic parameters. Our results indicate that the lobsters exposed to boat noises increased significantly their locomotor activities and haemolymphatic bioindicator of stressful conditions such as glucose, total proteins, Hsp70 expression and THC when tested both singly and in groups. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd

Acoustic signals and behaviour of Ovalipes trimaculatus in the context of reproduction

This study focused on the acoustic behaviour of the paddle crab Ovalipes trimaculatus (De Haan, 1833) in relation to its reproductive status and behaviour. Paired males and females (demonstrating pre-copulatory behaviour) as well as solitary animals were collected a few hundred metres from the coast of Puerto Madryn (Patagonia, Argentina) and kept in indoor tanks.Synchronized acoustic and video monitoring systems were used to record the acoustic signals and other behaviours of single and grouped specimens in an experimental tank. Acoustic data were analysed to characterize crab sounds (duration, pulse number and pulse rate, 1st and 2nd peaks in frequency, amplitude of the frequency peaks and bandwidth) and were counted as behavioural events. Video data were analysed to count behavioural events (i.e. agonistic fight, chela spread)and determine status (locomotor indices, inter-crab distance). O. trimaculatus produced wide frequency band multi-pulse signals with significant differences between males and females: males showed a lower 1st peak in frequency, with a higher amplitude and a higher bandwidth. The sound emission rate was significantly higher in grouped animals than in single individuals. The sound emissions were not accidental events correlated with locomotor activities. In the trials involving pre-copulatory females, the total number of sounds was significantly higher comparedto the trials with non-copulatory (control) females, and the sounds were not correlated with the agonistic events between males. Our data indicate that in O. trimaculatus sound emissions play a role in intraspecific communication related to sexual attraction.Fil: Buscaino, G.. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. L; ItaliaFil: Gavio, Maria Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Galvan, David Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Filiciotto, F.. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. L; ItaliaFil: Maccarrone, V.. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. L; ItaliaFil: de Vincenz, G.. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. L; ItaliaFil: Mazzola, S.. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. L; ItaliaFil: Orensanz, Jose Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

continuous monitoring of noise levels in the gulf of catania ionian sea study of correlation with ship traffic

Abstract Acoustic noise levels were measured in the Gulf of Catania (Ionian Sea) from July 2012 to May 2013 by a low frequency

SUPER-HISTORY METHODS FOR ADJOINT-WEIGHTED TALLIES IN MONTE CARLO TIME EIGENVALUE CALCULATIONS

Time eigenvalues emerge in several key applications related to neutron transport problems, including reactor start-up and reactivity measurements. In this context, experimental validation and uncertainty quantification would demand to assess the variation of the dominant time eigenvalue in response to a variation of nuclear data. Recently, we proposed the use of a Generalized Iterated Fission Probability method (G-IFP) to compute adjoint-weighted tallies, such as kinetic parameters, perturbations and sensitivity coefficients, for Monte Carlo time (or alpha) eigenvalue calculations. With the massive use of parallel Monte Carlo calculations, it would be therefore useful to trade the memory burden of the G-IFP method (which is comparable to that of the standard IFP method for k-eigenvalue problems) for computation time and to rely on history-based schemes for such adjoint-weighted tallies. For this purpose, we investigate the use of the super-history method as applied to estimating adjoint-weighted tallies within the α-k power iteration, based on previous work on k-eigenvalue problems. Verification of the algorithms is performed on some simple preliminary tests where analytic solutions exist. In addition, the performances of the proposed method are assessed by comparing the super-history and the G-IFP methods for the same sets of benchmark problems

SUPER-HISTORY METHODS FOR ADJOINT-WEIGHTED TALLIES IN MONTE CARLO TIME EIGENVALUE CALCULATIONS

Time eigenvalues emerge in several key applications related to neutron transport problems, including reactor start-up and reactivity measurements. In this context, experimental validation and uncertainty quantification would demand to assess the variation of the dominant time eigenvalue in response to a variation of nuclear data. Recently, we proposed the use of a Generalized Iterated Fission Probability method (G-IFP) to compute adjoint-weighted tallies, such as kinetic parameters, perturbations and sensitivity coefficients, for Monte Carlo time (or alpha) eigenvalue calculations. With the massive use of parallel Monte Carlo calculations, it would be therefore useful to trade the memory burden of the G-IFP method (which is comparable to that of the standard IFP method for k-eigenvalue problems) for computation time and to rely on history-based schemes for such adjoint-weighted tallies. For this purpose, we investigate the use of the super-history method as applied to estimating adjoint-weighted tallies within the α-k power iteration, based on previous work on k-eigenvalue problems. Verification of the algorithms is performed on some simple preliminary tests where analytic solutions exist. In addition, the performances of the proposed method are assessed by comparing the super-history and the G-IFP methods for the same sets of benchmark problems

IL REGISTRO NAZIONALE DELLE SORGENTI DI RUMORE IMPULSIVO NELLA IMPLEMENTAZIONE DELLA MARINE STRATEGY

La Direttiva Europea sulla Strategia Marina (MSFD 2008/56/EC) riconosce il rumore come elemento negativo per la qualità dell'ambiente marino e identifica due principali categorie, il rumore impulsivo (localizzato e limitato nel tempo) e il rumore continuo a bassa frequenza (soprattutto dovuto al traffico navale). La Direttiva richiede l’istituzione di un registro nazionale delle sorgenti impulsive e l’Università di Pavia, con CNR e CONISMA, è stata incaricata di implementare e gestire tale registro con una struttura aperta a futuri sviluppi di ricerca e di condivisione internazionale

Defensive strategies of European spiny lobster Palinurus elephas during predator attack

n/

Asymptotic Expansion of the Angular Flux Applied to Discrete-Ordinates Source Iterations in Lattice Depletion Calculations

International audienc