Patrones de asentamiento y uso del paisaje en el carso antillano por los agroalfareros prehistóricos

El 40% de la superficie de Las Antillas presenta geología y paisajes cársicos. Este carso antillano se estudia mejor primero en islas pequeñas, de las cuales se derivan reglas que podemos aplicar a las áreas mayores de las islas más grandes. En las islas estudiadas, que van desde las de área mínima como la Isla de la Mona hasta superficies mucho más grandes como la Grande-Terre de Guadalupe, o la Isla de Gran Ábaco (Bahamas), se pueden establecer dos tipos de costa que influyen en la topografía marítima, la de emersión y la de sumersión. Generalmente, el paisaje cársico implica escasez de recursos para culturas no agricultoras, y define retos y oportunidades para culturas agricultoras. Se ofrecen modelos de los patrones de asentamiento y el uso del paisaje por los habitantes agroalfareros del carso antillano

The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant HII Regions. VI: W51A

We present K-band spectra of newly born OB stars in the obscured Galactic giant H II region W51A and ~ 0.8'' angular resolution images in the J, H and K_S-bands. Four objects have been spectroscopically classified as O-type stars. The mean spectroscopic parallax of the four stars gives a distance of 2.0 \pm 0.3 kpc (error in the mean), significantly smaller than the radio recombination line kinematic value of 5.5 kpc or the values derived from maser propermotion observations (6--8 kpc). The number of Lyman continuum photons from the contribution of all massive stars (NLyc ~ 1.5 x 10^{50} s^{-1}) is in good agreement with that inferred from radio recombination lines (NLyc = 1.3 x 10^{50} s^{-1}) after accounting for the smaller distance derived here. We present analysis of archival high angular resolution images (NAOS CONICA at VLT and T-ReCS at Gemini) of the compact region W51 IRS2. The K_S--band images resolve the infrared source IRS~2 indicating that it is a very young compact HII region. Sources IRS2E was resolved into compact cluster (within 660 AU of projected distance) of 3 objects, but one of them is just bright extended emission. W51d1 and W51d2 were identified with compact clusters of 3 objects (maybe 4 in the case of W51d1) each one. Although IRS~2E is the brightest source in the K-band and at 12.6 \micron, it is not clearly associated with a radio continuum source. Our spectrum of IRS~2E shows, similar to previous work, strong emission in Br$\gamma$ and HeI, as well as three forbidden emission lines of FeIII and emission lines of molecular hydrogen (H_2) marking it as a massive young stellar object.Comment: 31 pages and 9 figures, submitted to A

NiO-nanoflowers decorating a plastic electrode for the non-enzymatic amperometric detection of H2O2 in milk: old issue, new challenge

In food supply chain, there are regulatory limitations on the use of chemicals for cleaning processing lines since the healthiness of the commodities must be guaranteed if accidentally traces of these detergents and sanitizers pass to them. Hydrogen peroxide, is a commonly used sanitizer in the cleaning of the food processing lines having both bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties, however, it produces inflammatory effects on the human body. The availability of rapid systems to detect its accidental presence is therefore useful to speed up the control and apply corrective actions. In the present work, a drop casting and easily prepared plastic graphite / PVC electrode decorated with NiO nanostructures has been investigated as electrochemical sensor for the non-enzymatic amperometric determination of H2O2. 24 The catalytic activity, dispersion, and stability of NiO nanostructures mixed with plastic nanocomposite electrode have been studied in detail. The preparation method, particularly the precipitating agents used in the synthesis of NiO nanostructures strongly influenced their morphology and porosity. Further, the electrochemical response of NiO-PE electrodes towards H2O2 resulted to be morphology-dependent. The non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor was optimized for the rapid and sensitive detection of H2O2 present in milk with no sample pre- treatments. NiO nanoflowers showed the best catalytic activity towards H2O2, a linear range that extends up to 4 mM and a LOD of 5 μM (3sd of the blank signal) were obtained

Biologia de Doru luteipes (Scudder) e sua capacidade predatória de ovos de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie).

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a biologia e o potencial de Doru luteipes (Scudder) em laboratorio, como predador de ovos de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), Ninfas de um dia de idade e adultos foram individualizados em placas de Petri, receberam como alimento, ovos de H. zea. O periodo de incubacao foi, em media, 7,6 dias. O periodo ninfal (quatro instares) foi de 34,4 dias. O ciclo do inseto foi, em media, 217,9 dias. O periodo pre-reprodutivo foi, em media, 30,7 dias, sendo que as femeas ovipositaram mais de uma vez, mesmo quando nao fecundadas. O numero de ovos por postura foi de 15,9, com a viabilidade chegando a 85,2%. A longevidade media do adulto, foi de 175,9 dias. Em media uma ninfa consumiu 23,7 ovos de H. zea por dia, num total de 812,9 ovos durante esta fase. Ja o adulto do predador consumiu 7457,4 ovos, com media diaria de 42,1 ovos. No geral, um predador se alimentou durante sua vida, de aproximadamente 8276 ovos de H. zea (39 ovos/dia)

Do slower life history strategies reduce sociodemographic sex differences?

This study examines the relations between sociodemographic sex differences and life history strategies in the populations of Mexican States. Sex differences in anatomy and behavior was measured with traits such as educational achievement, mortality, and morbidity. The data were obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) and sampled from thirty-one Mexican states and the Federal District (N = 32). An extension analysis was performed selecting only the sex ratio variables that had a correlation with the slow Life History factor greater than or equal to an absolute value of .25. A unit-weighted sex ratio factor was created using these variables. Across 32 Mexican states, the correlation between latent slow life history and sex ratio was .57 (p .05). These results are consistent with our hypothesis that slower life histories favor reduced sexual dimorphism in physiology and behavior among human subnational populations. The results of the study further understanding of variations in population sex differences, male-biased behaviors toward sexual equality, and the differences among subnational (regional) populations within the United States of Mexico.   DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v6i1_chavarria_miner

Stability of Tilo® tablets formulation obtained from dry extract of Justice pectoralis Jacq.

Justicia pectoralis Jacq., Acanthaceae, is a herb known popularly in Cuba as Tilo and used traditionally as sedative. The development in a solid pharmaceutical (Tablets 100 mg) using dry extract of Justicia pectolaris aqueous extract is of interest for the development of phytomedicines, which uses this active raw material. The aim of the present study was to carry out chemical and biological stability studies to the formulation. A method of coumarin determination by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used and validated. The stability studies during different periods of time (24 months) showed a stability of the product stored at 32 ± 2 °C, and protected of the light.Justicia pectoralis Jacq., Acanthaceae é uma erva conhecida popularmente em Cuba como Tilo e utilizada tradicionalmente como sedativo. O desenvolvimento de formas farmacêuticas sólidas (comprimido 100 mg) usando extrato aquoso seco de J. pectoralis é de interesse no desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos que empreguem esse princípio ativo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar estudos de estabilidade químicos e biológicos da formulação. Um método de determinação de cumarinas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE) foi usado e devidamente validado. Os estudos de estabilidade durante diferentes períodos de tempo (24 meses) mostraram a estabilidade do produto preservado a 32 ± 2 °C e protegido da luz

Far-infrared all sky diffuse mapping with AKARI

We discuss the capability of AKARI in recovering diffuse far-infrared emission, and examine the achieved reliability. Critical issues in making images of diffuse emission are the transient response and long-term stability of the far-infrared detectors. Quantitative evaluation of these characteristics are the key to achieving sensitivity comparable to or better than that for point sources (< 20 -- 95 MJy sr-1). We describe current activity and progress toward the production of high quality images of the diffuse far-infrared emission using the AKARI all-sky survey data.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference "AKARI, a light to illuminate the misty Universe", Fukutake Hall, The University of Tokyo, Japan, 16-19 February 200

A Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbors Classifier to Deal with Imperfect Data

© 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Accepted version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Soft Computing. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-017-2567-xThe k-nearest neighbors method (kNN) is a nonparametric, instance-based method used for regression and classification. To classify a new instance, the kNN method computes its k nearest neighbors and generates a class value from them. Usually, this method requires that the information available in the datasets be precise and accurate, except for the existence of missing values. However, data imperfection is inevitable when dealing with real-world scenarios. In this paper, we present the kNNimp classifier, a k-nearest neighbors method to perform classification from datasets with imperfect value. The importance of each neighbor in the output decision is based on relative distance and its degree of imperfection. Furthermore, by using external parameters, the classifier enables us to define the maximum allowed imperfection, and to decide if the final output could be derived solely from the greatest weight class (the best class) or from the best class and a weighted combination of the closest classes to the best one. To test the proposed method, we performed several experiments with both synthetic and realworld datasets with imperfect data. The results, validated through statistical tests, show that the kNNimp classifier is robust when working with imperfect data and maintains a good performance when compared with other methods in the literature, applied to datasets with or without imperfection

A etnobotânica na dinâmica da conservação de mandiocas crioulas em comunidades da baixada cuiabana, Mato Grosso.

A região da Baixada Cuiabana (BC), ao norte do Pantanal Mato-Grossense, é composta por mais de dez mil agricultores familiares, que mantém um rico acervo de etnovariedades de mandioca e outros cultivos. Buscou-se, por meio da abordagem etnobotânica, proporcionar o reconhecimento de produtos agroalimentares, compreender a importancia da variabilidade mantida e, a dinâmica dos agricultores de pequena escala com relação ao uso e conservação on farm. Os estudos etnobotânicos foram realizados em seis comunidades localizadas nos municípios de Cuiabá, Poconé e Jangada, que utilizavam e conservavam a mandioca de modo tradicional. Foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados e os resultados avaliados mediante análises descritivas. Contabilizaram-se nessas seis comunidades 73 variedades crioulas. Na comunidade localizada em Poconé, os agricultores citaram 11 diferentes variedades. No município de Jangada, foram estudadas quatro comunidades, a frequência média de Jangada foi de 5,1±2,7 variedades por agricultores, sendo citadas 33 diferentes variedades crioulas. Na comunidade Rio dos Couros, em Cuiabá, embora a relevância da cultura tenha se reduzido, os agricultores citaram 29 diferentes variedades. É pertinente salientar que em cada comunidade foi identificado um agricultor chave, ou seja, àquele mantem um maior número de variedades, sendo responsável pela dinâmica da circulação de propágulo. Esses agricultores relataram conhecer e até terem a curiosidade de plantar e selecionar as mandiocas de sementes nas suas roças, o que indica que tal variabilidade encontrada é fruto da interação homemplanta. Os agricultores familiares e tradicionais da Baixada Cuiabana tem um papel fundamental no serviço ecossistêmico à sociedade, através do manejo e conservação das mandiocas crioulas, retirando sustento e renda através do cultivo da mandioca. É evidente que existe um saber sobre o agroecossistema local, o qual deve ser considerado em ações de valorização do patrimônio cultural da região e do sistema de produção utilizado