Neoplasias digitais em cães : revisão de literatura e relato de caso

Cães e gatos podem apresentar lesões neoplásicas e não neoplásicas em dígitos e os sinais clínicos se assemelham independentemente da sua origem histológica. As lesões tumoriformes podem ser de origem epitelial, mesenquimal ou de células redondas e se desenvolvem a partir de diferentes tipos celulares encontrados nos dígitos. O carcinoma de células escamosas, o melanoma e o mastocitoma são algumas das principais neoplasias que afetam os dígitos de cães. Por apresentarem aspectos clínicos semelhantes, a histopatologia torna-se necessária para o diagnóstico definitivo, além de proporcionar a diferenciação de diversas tumorações com características de malignidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre os principais neoplasmas que ocorrem em dígitos de cães e relatar a ocorrência de um carcinoma écrino em dígito de um cão, fêmea, Maltês, de 13 anos de idade atendida no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS).Dogs and cats may have neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in digits and the clinical signs are similar regardless of their histological origin. Tumoriform lesions may be of epithelial, mesenchymal, melanocytic, or round cell origins and may develop from different cell types found in the digits. Squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma and mastocytoma are some of the main cancers that affect dog digits. Because they have similar clinical signs, histopathology becomes necessary for the definitive diagnosis, while providing the differentiation of several tumors with characteristics of malignancy. The present study aims to conduct a review addressing the main neoplasms that occur in dog digits and to report the occurrence of a digit eccrine carcinoma of a 13-year-old female dog treated at the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS)

DERMATOVET 2018

A alta incidência de doenças tegumentares nos animais domésticos e selvagens motivou e o consequente aumento do interesse dos tutores destes paciente em buscar atendimento especializado motivou a criação do projeto de extensão denominado DERMATOVET _- UFRGS. O DERMATOVET-UFRGS é um projeto de extensão que ocorre no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS) que tem como objetivo prestar atendimento na área de dermatologia e também possibilita o ensino de alunos de graduação e pós-graduação. Durante o ano de 2018, o projeto realizou 491 atendimentos clínicos de pacientes dermatológicos, reuniões técnicas semanais para discussão de artigos e casos clínicos, ações em escola de ensino fundamental e eventos científicos. Um dos eventos científicos realizados foi a I Noite da Dermatite Atópica Canina, que contou com a presença de 115 ouvintes entre alunos e profissionais médicos veterinários. O projeto também realizou uma palestra informativa sobre leishmaniose visceral canina para pais, professores e alunos do segundo ano da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental São Tomé (EMEF São Tomé) em Viamão, debatendo métodos de controle e prevenção bem como identificação do flebotomíneo responsável pela transmissão da doença. A palestra foi realizada por estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação participantes do DERMATOVETUFRGS com supervisão do professor orientador do setor. O projeto DERMATOVETUFRGS oferece um serviço com atendimento especializado e de qualidade à população além de oportunizar aos alunos de graduação o acompanhamento e o aprendizado na área da Dermatologia Veterinária, priorizando o estímulo ao ensino e pesquisa

Occurrence of cutaneous neoplasia in dogs with actinic dermatitis in a veterinary medical teaching hospital - UFRGS, Brazil

Background: Actinic dermatitis is an environmental skin disease resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light irradiated by the sun. This phototoxic reaction affects dogs and cats, particularly with short hair and lightly pigmented skin, exposed to sun light. Primary lesions are typical from a sunburn and chronic exposure, and may induce to a premalignant lesion known as actinic keratosis, which may develop to neoplasms. The aim of the present study was to describe a retrospective study of actinic dermatitis and the occurrence of cutaneous neoplasia in dogs presented to a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (HCV/UFRGS) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil in a period of 10 years. Materials, Methods & Results: A retrospective review of medical records from January 2009 to December 2019 was performed to identify dogs with actinic dermatitis. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed based on a history of sun exposure and skin lesions including erythema, scaling, comedones, thickened skin, hyperpigmentation, ulceration and/or secondary infections on poorly pigmented skin. In addition, in twelve dogs (42.8%) the disease was also confirmed by histopathology. Cutaneous lesions locations were previously defined as head, limbs, neck and trunk. The head was subdivided in chin, ears, face, lips and nasal plane; the limbs in pelvic and thoracic; and the trunk, in abdomen, dorsal pelvis, perianal and thorax. All 28 dogs diagnosed with actinic dermatitis in the study had been chronically exposed to solar radiation and had light skin and coat. Dogs were between 3 and 20 years old, mean 7.6 years and median 7 years, mostly female dogs (64.3%) and neutered or spayed (64.3%). The most affected breeds were American Pitbull Terrier (35.7%) and Boxers (28.5%). Other breeds were Bull Terrier, Dalmatian, Dogo Argentino and Scottish Terrier. In 15 cases, tumors were confirmed by cytopathology or histopathology, resulting in 9 different skin tumors and two types of cysts (epidermoid and follicular). Among these, the most prevalent malignant neoplasm was squamous cell carcinoma (66.7%), followed by mast cell tumor (40%), hemangiosarcoma (26.6%), and basal cell carcinoma (6.6%). Five benign tumors were identified: hemangioma (13.3%), lipoma (13.3%), fibroma (6.6%), sebaceous adenoma (6.6%) and trichoepithelioma (6.6%). The most prevalent location for actinic lesions was the trunk (92.8%), being more prevalent on the ventral abdomen (82.1%). Actinic lesions were also present on head, neck and limbs. In 12/15 patients (80%), actinic lesions and at least one neoplasia location matched. Discussion: Actinic dermatitis tends to occurs in mid-aged to senile dogs because of the disease progressive and chronic behavior and owners delay to detect early clinical signs. In fact, actinic dermatitis was diagnosed at the average age of 7.6 years in the present study. The skin lesions were mostly located on light hair areas and were not observed on pigmented skin. The trunk (mainly the abdomen) had higher frequency of skin lesions compared to other anatomic areas, possibly because some dogs like to sunbathe at dorsal or lateral recumbency, some floor types can reflect sunlight, and some ventral abdomen are hairless. Ultraviolet radiation causes important local and systemic immunogenic changes. The impairment of the immune system and antigen recognition can influence cutaneous susceptibility to develop neoplasm. In conclusion, approximately 50% of the dogs with actinic dermatitis were associated with different skin neoplasm. The most prevalent was squamous cell carcinoma, mast cell tumor and hemangiosarcoma. Actinic lesions and neoplasm matched location in almost all patients with both conditions, however it was not possible to define if solar radiation had predisposed the occurrence of all observed neoplasms. Further studies are needed to prove the influence of ultraviolet radiation in the development of different cutaneous neoplasms

DERMATOVET 2018

Historicamente sempre houve uma grande procura por atendimentos de animais de estimação com enfermidades dermatológicas no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, da Faculdade de Veterinária (HCV/FAVET/UFRGS). Essa demanda estimulou a criação em 2006, da Ação de Extensão “DERMATOVET” que tem objetivo de oferecer atendimento clínico especializado em dermatologia veterinária

DERMATOVET 2018

Historicamente sempre houve uma grande procura por atendimentos de animais de estimação com enfermidades dermatológicas no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, da Faculdade de Veterinária (HCV/FAVET/UFRGS). Essa demanda estimulou a criação em 2006, da Ação de Extensão “DERMATOVET” que tem objetivo de oferecer atendimento clínico especializado em dermatologia veterinária

Occurrence of Cutaneous Neoplasia in Dogs with Actinic Dermatitis in a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital - UFRGS, Brazil

Background: Actinic dermatitis is an environmental skin disease resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light irradiated by the sun. This phototoxic reaction affects dogs and cats, particularly with short hair and lightly pigmented skin, exposed to sun light. Primary lesions are typical from a sunburn and chronic exposure, and may induce to a premalignant lesion known as actinic keratosis, which may develop to neoplasms. The aim of the present study was to describe a retrospective study of actinic dermatitis and the occurrence of cutaneous neoplasia in dogs presented to a Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (HCV/UFRGS) in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil in a period of 10 years.Materials, Methods & Results: A retrospective review of medical records from January 2009 to December 2019 was performed to identify dogs with actinic dermatitis. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed based on a history of sun exposure and skin lesions including erythema, scaling, comedones, thickened skin, hyperpigmentation, ulceration and/or secondary infections on poorly pigmented skin. In addition, in twelve dogs (42.8%) the disease was also confirmed by histopathology. Cutaneous lesions locations were previously defined as head, limbs, neck and trunk. The head was subdivided in chin, ears, face, lips and nasal plane; the limbs in pelvic and thoracic; and the trunk, in abdomen, dorsal pelvis, perianal and thorax.  All 28 dogs diagnosed with actinic dermatitis in the study had been chronically exposed to solar radiation and had light skin and coat. Dogs were between 3 and 20 years old, mean 7.6 years and median 7 years, mostly female dogs (64.2%) and neutered or spayed (64.2%). The most affected breeds were American Pitbull Terrier (35.7%) and Boxers (28.5%). Other breeds were Bull Terrier, Dalmatian, Dogo Argentino and Scottish Terrier. In 15 cases, tumors were confirmed by cytopathology or histopathology, resulting in 9 different skin tumors and two types of cysts (epidermoid and follicular). Among these, the most prevalent malignant neoplasm was squamous cell carcinoma (66.7%), followed by mast cell tumor (40%), hemangiosarcoma (26.6%), and basal cell carcinoma (6.6%). Five benign tumors were identified: hemangioma (13.3%), fibroma (6.6%), lipoma (6.6%), sebaceous adenoma (6.6%) and trichoepithelioma (6.6%). The most prevalent location for actinic lesions was the trunk (92.8%), being more prevalent on the ventral abdomen (82.1%). Actinic lesions were also present on head, neck and limbs. In 13/15 patients (86.6%), actinic lesions and at least one neoplasia location matched.Discussion: Actinic dermatitis tends to occurs in mid-aged to senile dogs because of the disease progressive and chronic behavior and owners delay to detect early clinical signs. In fact, actinic dermatitis was diagnosed at the average age of 7.6 years in the present study. The skin lesions were mostly located on light hair areas and were not observed on pigmented skin. The trunk (mainly the abdomen) had higher frequency of skin lesions compared to other anatomic areas, possibly because some dogs like to sunbathe at dorsal or lateral recumbency, some floor types can reflect sunlight, and some ventral abdomen are hairless. Ultraviolet radiation causes important local and systemic immunogenic changes. The impairment of the immune system and antigen recognition can influence cutaneous susceptibility to develop neoplasm. In conclusion, approximately 50% of the dogs with actinic dermatitis were associated with different skin neoplasm. The most prevalent was squamous cell carcinoma, mast cell tumor and hemangiosarcoma. Actinic lesions and neoplasm matched location in almost all patients with both conditions, however it was not possible to define if solar radiation had predisposed the occurrence of all observed neoplasms. Further studies are needed to prove the influence of ultraviolet radiation in the development of different cutaneous neoplasms