2,789 research outputs found
Pro-rata matching and one-tick futures markets
We find and describe four futures markets where the bid-ask spread is bid down to the fixed price tick size practically all the time, and which match counterparties using a pro-rata rule. These four markets´ offered depths at the quotes on average exceed mean market order size by two orders of magnitude, and their order cancellation rates (the probability of any given offered lot being cancelled) are significantly over 96 per cent. We develop a simple theoretical model to ex- plain these facts, where strategic complementarities in the choice of limit order size cause traders to risk overtrading by submitting over-sized limit orders, most of which they expect to cancel
An architecture for efficient gravitational wave parameter estimation with multimodal linear surrogate models
The recent direct observation of gravitational waves has further emphasized
the desire for fast, low-cost, and accurate methods to infer the parameters of
gravitational wave sources. Due to expense in waveform generation and data
handling, the cost of evaluating the likelihood function limits the
computational performance of these calculations. Building on recently developed
surrogate models and a novel parameter estimation pipeline, we show how to
quickly generate the likelihood function as an analytic, closed-form
expression. Using a straightforward variant of a production-scale parameter
estimation code, we demonstrate our method using surrogate models of
effective-one-body and numerical relativity waveforms. Our study is the first
time these models have been used for parameter estimation and one of the first
ever parameter estimation calculations with multi-modal numerical relativity
waveforms, which include all l <= 4 modes. Our grid-free method enables rapid
parameter estimation for any waveform with a suitable reduced-order model. The
methods described in this paper may also find use in other data analysis
studies, such as vetting coincident events or the computation of the
coalescing-compact-binary detection statistic.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, and 1 tabl
Extracting information from the signature of a financial data stream
Market events such as order placement and order cancellation are examples of
the complex and substantial flow of data that surrounds a modern financial
engineer. New mathematical techniques, developed to describe the interactions
of complex oscillatory systems (known as the theory of rough paths) provides
new tools for analysing and describing these data streams and extracting the
vital information. In this paper we illustrate how a very small number of
coefficients obtained from the signature of financial data can be sufficient to
classify this data for subtle underlying features and make useful predictions.
This paper presents financial examples in which we learn from data and then
proceed to classify fresh streams. The classification is based on features of
streams that are specified through the coordinates of the signature of the
path. At a mathematical level the signature is a faithful transform of a
multidimensional time series. (Ben Hambly and Terry Lyons \cite{uniqueSig}),
Hao Ni and Terry Lyons \cite{NiLyons} introduced the possibility of its use to
understand financial data and pointed to the potential this approach has for
machine learning and prediction.
We evaluate and refine these theoretical suggestions against practical
examples of interest and present a few motivating experiments which demonstrate
information the signature can easily capture in a non-parametric way avoiding
traditional statistical modelling of the data. In the first experiment we
identify atypical market behaviour across standard 30-minute time buckets
sampled from the WTI crude oil future market (NYMEX). The second and third
experiments aim to characterise the market "impact" of and distinguish between
parent orders generated by two different trade execution algorithms on the FTSE
100 Index futures market listed on NYSE Liffe
Higgs Phenomenology in the Standard Model and Beyond
The way in which the electroweak symmetry is broken in nature is currently unknown. The electroweak symmetry is theoretically broken in the Standard Model by the Higgs mechanism which generates masses for the particle content and introduces a single scalar to the particle spectrum, the Higgs boson. This particle has not yet been observed and the value of it mass is a free parameter in the Standard Model. The observation of one (or more) Higgs bosons would confirm our understanding of the Standard Model. In this thesis, we study the phenomenology of the Standard Model Higgs boson and compare its production observables to those of the Pseudoscalar Higgs boson and the lightest scalar Higgs boson of the Minimally Supersymmetric Standard Model. We study the production at both the Fermilab Tevatron and the future CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the first part of the thesis, we present the results of our calculations in the framework of perturbative QCD. In the second part, we present our resummed calculations
Errands into the Metropolis: New England Dissidents in Revolutionary London
Errands into the Metropolis offers a dramatic new interpretation of the texts and contexts of early New England literature. Jonathan Beecher Field inverts the familiar paradigm of colonization as an errand into the wilderness to demonstrate, instead, that New England was shaped and re-shaped by a series of return trips to a metropolitan London convulsed with political turmoil. In London, dissidents and their more orthodox antagonists contended for colonial power through competing narratives of their experiences in the New World. Dissidents showed a greater willingness to construct their narratives in terms that were legible to a metropolitan reader than did Massachusetts Bay\u27s apologists. As a result, representatives of a variety of marginal religious groups were able to secure a remarkable level of political autonomy, visible in the survival of Rhode Island as an independent colony.Through chapters focusing on John Cotton, Roger Williams, Samuel Gorton, John Clarke, and the Quaker martyrs, Field traces an evolving discourse on the past, present, and future of colonial New England that revises the canon of colonial New England literature and the contours of New England history. In the broader field of early American studies, Field\u27s work demonstrates the benefits of an Atlantic perspective on the material cultures of print. In the context of religious freedom, Errands into the Metropolis shows Rhode Island\u27s famous culture of toleration emerging as a pragmatic response to the conditions of colonial life, rather than as an idealistic principle. Errands into the Metropolis offers new understanding of familiar texts and events from colonial New England, and reveals the significance of less familiar texts and events
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