Avaliação da radiopacidade dos cimentos MTA Angelus Branco®, MTA Repair HP e Biodentine por meio de radiografia digital

Introduction: It is known that radiopacity is one of the important requirements for a dental material, since it allows the dental structures and adjacent tissues to be distinguished from the auxiliary material, facilitating the radiographic diagnosis. Therefore, with the introduction of new formulations of endodontic materials, it is essential that this property complies with current regulations. Aim: of this study was to evaluate the radiopacities of MTA Angelus white, MTA Repair HP and Biodentine cements and compare them with those of human dental structures, by digital radiography. Methods: Five specimens were made for each studied cement. Each sample was radiographed by the digital method, along with a slice of a healthy lower human molar tooth and an aluminum density scale (Al). For each set, three images were obtained and evaluated for densities using the histogram tool of the ImageJ software. In each evaluated structure a region of pre-defined interest was used and the densities were presented using means, standard deviations and medians. To assess the normality of the data and compare the radiopacity of the three cements tested, the Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal- Wallis tests were applied, respectively. Results: Radiopacities equivalent to 2 mm of Al and 1 mm of Al, respectively, were observed for enamel and dentin. Both White MTA and MTA Repair HP cements presented radiopacity equivalent to 3 mm of Al. However, the Biodentine cement presented lower radiopacity than the other materials tested (2 mm of Al). Conclusion: It is suggested that both White MTA and MTA Repair HP presented radiopacities in accordance with the standards of the International Organization for Standardization 6876/2001 and American National Standard Institute number 57, in contrast to Biodentine, which demonstrated lower radio-density and not compatible with the regulation.Introducción: Se sabe que la radiopacidad es uno de los requisitos importantes para un material dental, ya que permite distinguir las estructuras dentales y tejidos adyacentes del material auxiliar, facilitando el diagnóstico radiográfico. Por ello, con la introducción de nuevas formulaciones de materiales endodónticos, es fundamental que esta propiedad cumpla con la normativa vigente. Objetivo: de este estudio fue evaluar las radiopacidades de los cementos MTA Angelus white, MTA Repair HP y Biodentine y compararlas con las de estructuras dentales humanas, mediante radiografía digital. Métodos: Se realizaron cinco probetas por cada cemento estudiado. Cada muestra fue radiografiada por el método digital, junto con un corte de un diente molar humano inferior sano y una escala de densidad de aluminio (Al). Para cada conjunto, se obtuvieron tres imágenes y se evaluaron las densidades utilizando la herramienta de histograma del software ImageJ. En cada estructura evaluada se utilizó una región de interés predefinida y las densidades se presentaron mediante medias, desviaciones estándar y medianas. Para evaluar la normalidad de los datos y comparar la radiopacidad de los tres cementos ensayados, se aplicaron las pruebas de Shapiro-Wilk y Kruskal-Wallis, respectivamente. Resultados: Se observaron radiopacidades equivalentes a 2 mm de Al y 1 mm de Al, respectivamente, para esmalte y dentina. Tanto el cemento White MTA como el MTA Repair HP presentaron radiopacidad equivalente a 3 mm de Al. Sin embargo, el cemento Biodentine presentó menor radiopacidad que los demás materiales ensayados (2 mm de Al). Conclusión: Se sugiere que tanto White MTA como MTA Repair HP presentaron radiopacidades de acuerdo con los estándares de la Organización Internacional para la Estandarización 6876/2001 y el American National Standard Institute número 57, en contraste con Biodentine, que demostró menor radiodensidad y no compatible con el reglamento.Introdução: A radiopacidade é um requisito importante para um material odontológico, pois permite que as estruturas dentárias sejam distinguidas do material substituto, facilitando o diagnóstico radiográfico. Portanto, com o surgimento de novas formulações de materiais endodônticos, é fundamental que esta propriedade esteja em conformidade com as normas vigentes. Objetivo: Avaliar as radiopacidades dos cimentos MTA Angelus Branco, MTA Repair HP e Biodentine entre si e compará-las com as das estruturas dentais humanas, por meio de radiografia digital. Material e Métodos: Foram confeccionados cinco corpos de prova para cada cimento estudado. Cada amostra foi radiografada, pelo método digital, juntamente com uma fatia de um dente molar inferior humano hígido e uma escala de densidade de alumínio (Al). Para cada conjunto, três imagens foram obtidas e avaliadas quanto às densidades por meio da ferramenta histograma do software Image J. Em cada estrutura avaliada, foi usada uma região de interesse pré-definida e as densidades foram apresentadas utilizando-se médias, desvios-padrões e medianas. Para avaliar a normalidade dos dados e comparar a radiopacidade dos três cimentos testados, foram aplicados os testes de Shapiro-Wilk e o de Kruskal-Wallis, respectivamente. Foi utilizado o programa SPSS com nível de significância de 5% (p≤0,05). Resultados: Foi observado para o esmalte e a dentina radiopacidades equivalentes a 2 mm de Al e 1 mm respectivamente. Ambos os cimentos MTA Branco e MTA Repair HP, apresentaram radiopacidade equivalente a 3 mm de Al. O cimento Biodentine apresentou radiopacidade inferior aos demais materiais (2 mm de Al). Conclusão: As radiopacidades dos cimentos MTA Branco e MTA Repair HP foram semelhantes entre si e maiores que às da dentina e do esmalte dental. Em contrapartida, a radiopacidade do cimento Biodentine foi inferior às do MTA Branco e MTA Repair HP, e semelhante à do esmalte

Knowledge of Brazilian Dentists about Dentoalveolar Trauma Care and their Experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objective: To assess dentists\u27 knowledge from Minas Gerais, Brazil, about dentoalveolar trauma (DT) and their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: An online questionnaire with 34 questions was applied to collect personal data, professional training, self-assessment of experience/knowledge about DT, experience in care provided during the social distancing, and knowledge/conduct. The specific responses were evaluated based on the guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). Descriptive analysis and Pearson\u27s chi-square test were performed. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: Most professionals (97.7%) had received information on DT, and only 4.6% of the participants considered their knowledge poor or very poor. However, 92.7% felt the need for more information on the subject. Regarding experiences during the pandemic, 55.7% provided trauma care during that period. Forty percent of the consultations were performed in person, and 33.3% of the professionals noted an increase in cases during the pandemic; 56.6% reported that the frequency did not change. The overall mean number of correct answers about DT was 5.29±2.11, indicating an acceptable level of knowledge. The mean percentage of hits for the specific questions was 44.1%. Conclusion: Although the level of knowledge of the dentists evaluated was acceptable, some aspects were deficient, with the need for more information about the IADT guidelines

Knowledge of Brazilian Dentists about Dentoalveolar Trauma Care and their Experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objective: To assess dentists' knowledge from Minas Gerais, Brazil, about dentoalveolar trauma (DT) and their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: An online questionnaire with 34 questions was applied to collect personal data, professional training, self-assessment of experience/knowledge about DT, experience in care provided during the social distancing, and knowledge/conduct. The specific responses were evaluated based on the guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). Descriptive analysis and Pearson's chi-square test were performed. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: Most professionals (97.7%) had received information on DT, and only 4.6% of the participants considered their knowledge poor or very poor. However, 92.7% felt the need for more information on the subject. Regarding experiences during the pandemic, 55.7% provided trauma care during that period. Forty percent of the consultations were performed in person, and 33.3% of the professionals noted an increase in cases during the pandemic; 56.6% reported that the frequency did not change. The overall mean number of correct answers about DT was 5.29±2.11, indicating an acceptable level of knowledge. The mean percentage of hits for the specific questions was 44.1%. Conclusion: Although the level of knowledge of the dentists evaluated was acceptable, some aspects were deficient, with the need for more information about the IADT guidelines

Avaliação da radiopacidade dos cimentos MTA angelus® branco, MTA repair HP e biodentine por meio de radiografia digital

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacities of MTA Angelus white (MTA B), MTA Repair HP (MTA HP) and Biodentine (BD) cements and compare them with those of human dental structures, by digital radiography. For this purpose, five specimens were made, with 4 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height, for each studied cement. Each sample was radiographed by the digital method, along with a 2 mm thick slice of a healthy lower human molar tooth and an aluminum density scale (Al), ranging from 2 to 16 mm, in increments of 2 mm per step. The exposure time as well as the focus-film distance were standardized for all exposures. For each set, three images were obtained and evaluated for densities using the histogram tool of the ImageJ software. In each evaluated structure: enamel, dentin, MTA B, MTA HP, BD and the steps of the density scale, a region of pre-defined interest was used and the densities were presented using means, standard deviations and medians. To assess the normality of the data and compare the radiopacity of the three cements tested, the Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied, respectively. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used with a significance level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05). After the analysis of the different structures, a radiopacity equivalent to 2 mm Al for the first and 1 mm Al for the second was observed for the enamel and dentin. The Kruskal-Wallis test did not show any significant difference between the densities of the MTA B and MTA HP cements tested, since both had radiopacity equivalent to 3 mm of Al. However, the BD cement showed a radiopacity significantly lower than the other tested materials , equivalent to 2 mm of Al. Thus, it is suggested that both MTA B and MTA HP presented radiopacities in accordance with the standards of the International Organization for Standardization 6876/2001 and American National Standard Institute number 57, in contrast to BD, which demonstrated lower radio-density and not compatible with the regulation.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as radiopacidades dos cimentos MTA Angelus branco (MTA B), MTA Repair HP (MTA HP) e Biodentine (BD) e compará-las com as das estruturas dentais humanas, por meio de radiografia digital. Para tal, foram confeccionados cinco corpos de prova, com 4 mm de diâmetro e 2 mm de altura, para cada cimento estudado. Cada amostra foi radiografada, pelo método digital, juntamente com uma fatia de 2 mm de espessura de um dente molar inferior humano hígido e uma escala de densidade de alumínio (Al), variando de 2 a 16 mm, com incrementos de 2 mm por degrau. O tempo de exposição bem como a distância foco-filme foram padronizados para todas as exposições. Para cada conjunto, três imagens foram obtidas e avaliadas quanto às densidades por meio da ferramenta histograma do software ImageJ. Em cada estrutura avaliada: esmalte, dentina, MTA B, MTA HP, BD e os degraus da escala de densidade, foi usada uma região de interesse pré-definida e as densidades foram apresentadas utilizando-se médias, desvios-padrões e medianas. Para avaliar a normalidade dos dados e comparar a radiopacidade dos três cimentos testados, foram aplicados os testes de Shapiro-Wilk e o de Kruskal-Wallis, respectivamente. Foi utilizado o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) com nível de significância de 5% (p ≤ 0,05). Após a análise das diversas estruturas, foi observado para o esmalte e a dentina uma radiopacidade equivalente a 2 mm de Al para o primeiro e 1 mm de Al para o segundo. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis não mostrou diferença significativa entre as densidades dos cimentos MTA B e MTA HP testados, uma vez que ambos apresentaram radiopacidade equivalente a 3 mm de Al. No entanto, o cimento BD apresentou uma radiopacidade significantemente inferior aos demais materiais testados, equivalente a 2 mm de Al. Assim, sugere-se que tanto o MTA B quanto o MTA HP apresentaram radiopacidades em conformidade com as normas da International Organization for Standardization 6876/2001 e American National Standard Institute número 57, ao contrário do BD, que demonstrou radiodensidade inferior e não compatível com a regulamentação