Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera) do Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Brasil: diversidade, bioacústica e descrição de novas espécies

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Neotropical, do Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade Neotropical. Orientador: Luiz Roberto Ribeiro Faria Junior e Coorientador: Neucir SzinwelskiTettigoniidae é a família mais diversa de Orthoptera, seus representantes ocupam todos os extratos vegetacionais, da serrapilheira ao dossel florestal, e grande parte das espécies são florestais, e utilizam sinais acústico para comunicação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer um inventário faunístico das espécies de Tettigoniidae para o Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, incluindo descrição de espécies novas e descrição da bioacústica das espécies. Para isso coletamos em três cidades que compõe o ParNaIguaçu, Foz do Iguaçu, Serranópolis do Iguaçu e Céu Azul, os indivíduos coletados foram mantidos em laboratório e o som de chamado produzido pelos machos foi registrado com gravador Tascam e AudioMoth em configurações específicas. Registramos 83 táxons, destes 62 identificados em nível de espécie, 11 que correspondem a espécies novas para a ciência e 9 identificados a nível de gênero, que podem vir a corresponder espécies novas para a ciência. A subfamília mais abundante foi Phaneropterinae, com 52 táxons, seguida de Conocephalinae com 22, Pseudophyllinae e Meconematinae com 4 cada e Pterochrozinae com 2. Registramos e descrevemos o som de chamado para 36 táxons de Tettigoniidaae, destes 31 ainda não registrados e formalmente descritos na ciência. Destes sons, oito correspondem a espécies de Conocephalinae, um à Meconematinae, 25 a espécies de Phaneropterinae, três à Pseudophyllinae e um a Pterochrozinae.Tettigoniidae is the most speciose family within Orthoptera, occupying all vegetational strata, from litter to canopy. Most katydids are related to forests, and the production of acoustic signals is paramount to their biology. This work aimed at inventoring the species of Tettigoniidae occurring at the Iguaçu National Park, a large remnant of Atlantic forest in southern Brazil, besides describing new species and the calling songs of collected katydids. Collected specimens were maintained in the laboratory for sound recording in Tascam and AudioMoth devices, using specific configurations. A total of 83 species (62 of them identified in species level), 11 of them corresponding to undescribed species (new to science). The most abundant subfamily was Phaneropterinae (52 taxa), followed by Conocephalinae (22), Pseudophyllinae and Meconematinae (four each), and Pterochrozinae (two species). We were also able to record and describe the calling songs of 36 species, 31 unknown to science until then. Sounds were recorded for species of Phaneropterinae (24), Conocephalinae (8), Pseudophyllinae (3) and Pterochrozinae (1)

A tritrophic interaction at the Brazilian triple frontier: new record of parasitism on Conocephalus saltator (Sausurre, 1859) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae)

ABSTRACT We report for the first time a tritrophic relationship (host-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid) among Conocephalus saltator (Sausurre, 1859) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), Ormia cfr. crespoi Tavares, 1965 (Diptera, Tachinidae), and Perilampus sp. (Hymenoptera, Perilampidae). Specimens of C. saltator were collected at the Parque Nacional do Iguaçu (Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil) and reared in the laboratory, in order to detect eventual parasitoids. We collected and reared 904 katydids, with 113 of them parasitized, producing 123 fly puparia, and 18 puparia that developed to adults of Ormia cfr. crespoi. We also recorded the emergence of four hyperparasitoid wasps, Perilampus sp., from the fly puparia

Neoconocephalus undefined-2

<i>Neoconocephalus</i> sp. 2 <p>(Figure 8j)</p> <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p>One male, ′ Brasil, PR, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park] \ 24.5660°S, 50.2561°W 08–11.i.2021 Coleta ativa\noturna [nocturnal active collection] M. Fianco ̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1100, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt

Phlugis undefined-1

<i>Phlugis</i> sp. 1 <p> <i>Comments</i></p> <p>Identification of this species was impossible because only females were collected, and identification to the species level is based primarily on morphology of males̍ terminalia (eg Nickle 2005).</p> <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p>One female, ′ Brasil, PR, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park]\ 24.5660° S, 50.2561°W 08–11.i.2021 Coleta ativa\noturna [nocturnal active collection] M. Fianco̍; and one female, same data except ′ 10–13.ii.2021̍ and ′M. Fianco, D.N. Barbosa & P.W. Engelking̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1102, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt

Separatula Gorochov. As 2020

<i>Separatula</i> Gorochov, 2020 <p> <b>Type species:</b> <i>Separatula adunca</i> Gorochov, by original designation.</p> <p> <b>Type information:</b> Holotype male, Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute (ZIN).</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2021, Nine new species of the Anaulacomerina subtribe of katydids (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae: Phaneropterini) from Brazil, pp. 33-54 in Zootaxa 4952 (1)</i> on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4952.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4671657">http://zenodo.org/record/4671657</a&gt

Homotoicha similis

<i>Homotoicha similis</i> (Caudell) <p>(Figure 18f)</p> <p> <i>Comments</i></p> <p> Like some species of <i>Neoconocephalus</i> Karny this species is polymorphic regarding its general colour, with some individuals green with a reddish ventral edge of the abdomen, and other individuals yellowish/brownish with ventral edge of the abdomen brown. All individuals were sampled in the transition areas between Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, in trees, with individuals found more than 4 m above the ground, and were observed feeding on its leaves.</p> <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p>One male and two females, ′ Brasil, PR, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park]\ 24.5660°S, 50.2561°W \ 10-14.II.2021 Armadilha\luminosa [light trap] M. Fianco, D.N. Barbosa & P.W. Engelking̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1129, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt

Tomeophera modesta Piza

<i>Tomeophera modesta</i> Piza <p>(Figure 17)</p> <p> <i>Comments</i></p> <p> The specimens of this species emerged from the bulb of <i>Epidendrum delicatum</i> (Orchidaceae – Figure 17h–i) collected in March 2021, where it was possible to see and identify the katydid eggs. The eggs were probably laid in February 2021 and remained apparently in diapause until the middle of spring. After hatching from the eggs, the individuals were fed with leaves and fruits of Moraceae and Myrtaceae. The nymphs can be easily recognised by their colour pattern: green with a medial white band surrounded by orange that goes from head to end of the abdomen (Figure 17a–d), and a projection of tergite X. Wings and ovipositor were evident in the third instar (Figure 17b), and developed to adulthood (Figure 17e–f). Unlike other Phaneropterinae, this species has diurnal habits, with males stridulating after midday, ceasing activity just after dusk; and at night, they remain in a behaviour of reflex immobilisation (Figure 17a, d–f). In copulation the male transfers a large spermatophyllax and a small spermatophore (Figure 17g); the female was observed eating the spermatophyllax <i>ca</i>. 10 minutes after copulation, and remained with the spermatophore for more than two hours.</p> <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p> One male and one female, ′ Brasil, Pr, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park]\ 24.5660°S, 50.2561°W 08–11.iii.2021 Ovos coletados\em [Eggs collected in] <i>Epidendrum delicatum</i> M. Fianco, D.N. \Barbosa & P.W. Engelking̍ and ′\Emerged 16–20. x.2021,\became adults 18.I.2022 ̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1125, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt

Anaulacomera trispinata Fianco, Faria and Cadena-Castaneda

<i>Anaulacomera trispinata</i> Fianco, Faria and Cadena-Castañeda <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p>One male, ′ Brasil, PR, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park]\ 24.5660°S, 50.2561°W 10–13.ii.2021 Coleta ativa\noturna [nocturnal active collection] M. Fianco, D.N. Barbosa & P.W. Engelking̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1113, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt

Anaulacomera (Oecella) Kirby 1890

<i>Anaulacomera</i> (<i>Oecella</i>) Kirby, 1890 <p> <b>Type species:</b> <i>Oecella furcifera</i> Kirby (= <i>Anaulacomera harpago</i>), by original monotypy.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2021, Nine new species of the Anaulacomerina subtribe of katydids (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae: Phaneropterini) from Brazil, pp. 33-54 in Zootaxa 4952 (1)</i> on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4952.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4671657">http://zenodo.org/record/4671657</a&gt

Engonia minor Brunner von Wattenwyl 1878

<i>Engonia minor</i> Brunner von Wattenwyl <p>(Figure 9h)</p> <p> <i>Examined material</i></p> <p>One male and one female, ′ Brasil, PR, Tibagi, Parque \ Estadual do Guartelá [Guartelá State Park]\ 24.5660°S, 50.2561°W 08–11.i.2021 Coleta ativa\diurna [diurnal active collection] M. Fianco ̍.</p>Published as part of <i>Fianco, Marcos, 2023, Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Guartelá State Park, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil: diversity, bioacoustics and description of five new species, pp. 1080-1137 in Journal of Natural History 57 (1)</i> on page 1104, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2231579, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8273542">http://zenodo.org/record/8273542</a&gt