Data Services for Long Tail Science at the Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA) Data Facility

IEDA (Integrated Earth Data Applications) is a US-based data facility funded through a contract with the US National Science Foundation to operate data systems and data services for solid earth geoscience data. IEDA has developed a comprehensive suite of data services that are designed to address the concerns and needs of investigators, especially researchers working in the 'Long Tail of Science' (Heidorn 2008). IEDA provides a data publication service, registering datasets with DOI to ensure their proper citation and attribution. IEDA works with publishers on advanced linkages between datasets in the IEDA repository and scientific online articles to facilitate access to the data, enhance their visibility, and augment their use and citation. IEDA also developed a comprehensive investigator support that includes tools, tutorials, and virtual or face-to-face workshops that guide and assist investigators with data management planning, data submission, and data documentation. A critical aspect of IEDA's concept has been the disciplinary expertise within the team and its strong liaison with the science community, as well as a community-based governance. These have been fundamental to gain the trust and support of the scientists and have lead to significantly improved data preservation and access in the communities served by IEDA

Rescue of long-tail data from the ocean bottom to the Moon: IEDA Data Rescue Mini-Awards

Over the course of a scientific career, a large fraction of the data collected by scientific investigators turns into data at risk of becoming inaccessible to future science. Although a part of the investigators’ data is made available in manuscripts and databases, other data may remain unpublished, non-digital, on degrading or near obsolete digital media, or inadequately documented for reuse. In 2013, Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA) provided data rescue mini-awards to three Earth science investigators. IEDA’s user communities in geochemistry, petrology, geochronology, and marine geophysics collect long-tail data, defined as data produced by individuals and small teams for specific projects, tending to be of small volume and initially for use only by these teams, thus being less likely to be easily transferred or reused. Long-tail data are at greater risk of omission from the scientific record. The awarded projects topics were (1) Geochemical and Geochronological data on volcanic rocks from the Fiji, Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc, and Endeavor segments of the global mid-ocean ridge, (2) High-Resolution, Near-bottom Magnetic Field Data, and (3) Geochemistry of Lunar Glasses. IEDA worked closely with the awardees to create a plan for the data rescue, resulting in the registration of hundreds of samples and the entry of dozens of data and documentation files into IEDA data systems. The data were made openly accessible and citable by assigning persistent identifiers for samples and files. The mini-award program proved that a relatively small incentive combined with data facility guidance can motivate investigators to accomplish significant data rescue

Integrative Acoustic Mapping Reveals Hudson River Sediment Processes and Habitats

Rivers and estuaries around the world are the focus of human settlements and activities. Needs for clean water, ecosystem preservation, commercial navigation, industrial development, and recreational access compete for the use of estuaries, and management of these resources requires a detailed understanding of estuarine morphology and sediment dynamics. This article presents an overview of the first estuary-wide study of a heavily used estuary, the Hudson River, based on high-resolution acoustic mapping of the river bottom. The integration of three high-resolution acoustic methods with extensive sampling reveals an unexpected complexity of bottom features and allows detailed classification of the benthic environment in terms of riverbed morphology, sediment type, and sedimentary processes

Variable morphologic expression of volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes at six hydrothermal vent fields in the Lau back-arc basin

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 9 (2008): Q07022, doi:10.1029/2008GC002047.Ultrahigh-resolution bathymetric maps (25 cm grid) are used to quantify the physical dimensions of and spatial relationships between tectonic, volcanic, and hydrothermal features at six hydrothermal vent fields in the Lau back-arc basin. Supplemented with near-bottom photos, and nested within regional DSL-120A side-scan sonar data, these maps provide insight into the nature of hydrothermal systems along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center (ELSC) and Valu Fa Ridge (VFR). Along-axis transitions evident in localized volcanic morphology and tectonic characteristics include a change from broad low-relief volcanic domes (hundreds of meters wide, <10 m tall) that are dominated by pillow and lobate lava morphologies and are cut by faults and fissures to higher aspect ratio volcanic domes (tens of meters wide, tens of meters tall) dominated by aa-type lava morphologies, with finger-like flows, and few tectonic structures. These along-axis differences in localized seafloor morphology suggest differences in hydrothermal circulation pathways within the shallow crust and correlate with regional transitions in a variety of ridge properties, including the large-scale morphology of the ridge axis (shallow axial valley to axial high), seafloor lava compositions, and seismic properties of the upper crust. Differences in morphologic characteristics of individual flows and lava types were also quantified, providing an important first step toward the remote characterization of complex terrains associated with hydrothermal vent fields.Support for field and laboratory studies was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant OCE02-41796 (M.K.T.). Additional support for data analysis and integration was provided by the National Science Foundation under grant OCE03-28117 (S.M.C.)

Submeter bathymetric mapping of volcanic and hydrothermal features on the East Pacific Rise crest at 9°50′N

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 8 (2007): Q01006, doi:10.1029/2006GC001333.Recent advances in underwater vehicle navigation and sonar technology now permit detailed mapping of complex seafloor bathymetry found at mid-ocean ridge crests. Imagenex 881 (675 kHz) scanning sonar data collected during low-altitude (~5 m) surveys conducted with DSV Alvin were used to produce submeter resolution bathymetric maps of five hydrothermal vent areas at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) Ridge2000 Integrated Study Site (9°50′N, “bull's-eye”). Data were collected during 29 dives in 2004 and 2005 and were merged through a grid rectification technique to create high-resolution (0.5 m grid) composite maps. These are the first submeter bathymetric maps generated with a scanning sonar mounted on Alvin. The composite maps can be used to quantify the dimensions of meter-scale volcanic and hydrothermal features within the EPR axial summit trough (AST) including hydrothermal vent structures, lava pillars, collapse areas, the trough walls, and primary volcanic fissures. Existing Autonomous Benthic Explorer (ABE) bathymetry data (675 kHz scanning sonar) collected at this site provide the broader geologic context necessary to interpret the meter-scale features resolved in the composite maps. The grid rectification technique we employed can be used to optimize vehicle time by permitting the creation of high-resolution bathymetry maps from data collected during multiple, coordinated, short-duration surveys after primary dive objectives are met. This method can also be used to colocate future near-bottom sonar data sets within the high-resolution composite maps, enabling quantification of bathymetric changes associated with active volcanic, hydrothermal and tectonic processes.This work was supported by an NSF Ridge2000 fellowship to V.L.F. and a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution fellowship supported by the W. Alan Clark Senior Scientist Chair (D.J.F.). Funding was also provided by the Censsis Engineering Research Center of the National Science Foundation under grant EEC-9986821. Support for field and laboratory studies was provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE-9819261 (D.J.F. and M.T.), OCE-0096468 (D.J.F. and T.S.), OCE-0328117 (SMC), OCE-0525863 (D.J.F. and S.A.S.), OCE-0112737 ATM-0427220 (L.L.W.), and OCE- 0327261 and OCE-0328117 (T.S.). Additional support was provided by The Edwin Link Foundation (J.C.K.)

Evidence of mass failure in the Hess Deep Rift from multi-resolutional bathymetry data

New regional swath and near-bottom bathymetric data provide constraints on shallow structures at the Hess Deep Rift, an oceanic rift that exposes the crust and upper mantle of fast-spreading oceanic lithosphere created at the East Pacific Rise. These data reveal the presence of a lobate structure with a length of ~ 4 km and a width of ~ 6 km south of an Intrarift Ridge, north of Hess Deep. The lobe consists of a series of concentric benches that are widest in the center of the lobe and narrower at the edges, with a dominant bench separating two distinct morphologic regions in the lobe. There are two end-member possible interpretations of this feature: 1) the lobate structure represents a mass failure with little translation that contains coherent blocks that preserve rift-related lineaments; or 2) it represents degraded tectonic structures, and the lobate form is accounted for by, for example, two intersecting faults. We favor the slump interpretation because it more readily accounts for the lobate form of the feature and the curved benches and based on the presence of other similar lobes in this region. In the slump model, secondary structures within the benches may indicate radial spreading during or after failure. The large lobate structure we identify south of the Intrarift Ridge in Hess Deep is one of the first features of its kind identified in an oceanic rift, and illustrates that mass failure may be a significant process in these settings, consistent with the recognition of their importance in mid-ocean ridges, oceanic islands, and continental rifts. Understanding the structure of the Hess Deep Rift is also important for reconstructing the section of fast-spreading oceanic crust exposed here

The 2005 Chios Ancient Shipwreck Survey: New Methods for Underwater Archaeology

In 2005 a Greek and American interdisciplinary team investigated two shipwrecks off the coast of Chios dating to the 4th-century b.c. and the 2nd/1st century. The project pioneered archaeological methods of precision acoustic, digital image, and chemical survey using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and in-situ sensors, increasing the speed of data acquisition while decreasing costs. The AUV recorded data revealing the physical dimensions, age, cargo, and preservation of the wrecks. The earlier wreck contained more than 350 amphoras, predominantly of Chian type, while the Hellenistic wreck contained about 40 Dressel 1C amphoras. Molecular biological analysis of two amphoras from the 4th-century wreck revealed ancient DNA of olive, oregano, and possibly mastic, part of a cargo outbound from Chios. Author(s): Brendan P. Foley 1 | Katerina Dellaporta 2 | Dimitris Sakellariou 3 | Brian S. Bingham 4 | Richard Camilli 5 | Ryan M. Eustice 6 | Dionysis Evagelistis 7 | Vicki Lynn Ferrini 8 | Kostas Katsaros 9 | Dimitris Kourkoumelis 10 | Aggelos Mallios 11 | Paraskevi Micha 12 | David A. Mindell 13 | Christopher Roman 14 | Hanumant Singh 15 | David S. Switzer 16 | Theotokis Theodoulou 17Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86047/1/bfoley-11.pd

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes