Diet and Lifestyle in the Spanish Population and Their Relationship with Sociodemographic Variables: A Descriptive Study

A healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition have a major impact on the well-being of a population. Therefore, the aim of this research is to describe the behavior of these habits in relation to sociodemographic variables to provide data on the development of effective training and awarenessraising actions. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. To study the behavior of a series of variables related to eating habits and lifestyle, a questionnaire was designed and validated and subsequently disseminated online, by means of nonprobabilistic snowball sampling, relying on social networks. The sample collected consisted of 18,070 young adults of Spanish nationality. Bivariate comparative analyses were performed using t-test independent samples, and the effect size (ES) was calculated by determining Cohen’s D coefficient. A multivariate analysis were conducted using linear regression and principal component analysis. Results: Adults eat better but have a poorer quality of rest and are more sedentary than young people. No gender differences were found in nutritional habits; however, men engage in more sports and sleep better. People with a higher educational level have better nutritional and sleep habits, but are more sedentary, as are people of a higher socioeconomic level. Conclusions: Higher socioeconomic and educational levels seem to favor a healthier lifestyle. The Spanish population aged 18–45 years needs to make dietary changes but leads an active lifestyle.Medicin

Improving the Accuracy of Metatarsal Osteotomies in Minimally Invasive Foot Surgery Using a Digital Inclinometer: Preliminary Study

Conceptualization, C.F.-V. and J.F.-T.; data curation, J.F.-T. and C.F.-V.; formal analysis, E.N.-G. and J.F.-T.; investigation, C.F.-V., E.N.-G., N.F.-E. and J.F.-T.; methodology, J.F.-T.; supervision, J.F.-T. and N.F.-E.; validation, J.F.-T., E.N.-G. and N.F.-E.; writing—original draft, C.F.-V.; writing—review and editing, C.F.-V., E.N.-G., N.F.-E. and J.F.-T. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Minimally invasive foot surgery (MIS) has become a common procedure to treat various pathologies, and accuracy in the angle of metatarsal osteotomies is crucial to ensure optimal results. This randomized controlled trial with 37 patients investigates whether the implementation of a digital inclinometer can improve the accuracy of osteotomies compared to traditional freehand techniques. Patients were randomly allocated to group A (n = 15) receiving inclinometer-assisted surgery or group B (n = 22) receiving conventional surgery. Osteotomies were performed and outcomes were evaluated using an inclinometer. The inclinometer group showed a significant decrease in plantar pressure from 684.1 g/cm2 pretreatment to 449.5 g/cm2 post-treatment (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 5.477). The control group decreased from 584.5 g/cm2 to 521.5 g/cm2 (p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.801). The effect size between groups was large (Cohen’s d = −2.572, p < 0.001). The findings indicate a significant improvement in accuracy and reduction in outliers when using an inclinometer, suggesting that this technology has the potential to improve surgical practice and patient outcomes in minimally invasive metatarsal osteotomies.Podologí

Design of a Three Dimensional Printed Surgical Glove for Minimal Incision Podiatric Surgery

Background: Precision in minimal-incision surgery allows surgeons to achieve accurate osteotomies and patients to avoid risks. Herein, a surgical guide for the foot is designed and validated in vitro using resin foot models for hallux abducto valgus surgery. Methods: Three individuals with different experience levels (an undergraduate student, a master’s student, and an experienced podiatric physician) performed an Akin osteotomy, a Reverdin osteotomy, and a basal osteotomy of the first metatarsal. Results: The average measurements of each osteotomy and the angle of the basal osteotomy do not reveal significant differences among the three surgeons. A shorter deviation from the planned measurements has been observed in variables corresponding to the Akin osteotomy (the maximum deviation in the measurement of the distance from the proximal medial end of the Akin osteotomy to the first metatarsophalangeal joint interline was 1.67 mm, and the maximum deviation from the proximal lateral end of the Akin osteotomy to the first metatarsophalangeal joint interline was 1.00 mm). As for the Reverdin osteotomies, the maximum deviations in the measurement of the distance from the proximal medial end of the osteotomy to the first metatarsophalangeal joint interline were 3.60 and 3.53 mm in the expert and undergraduate surgeons, respectively. All of the osteotomies were precise among the groups, reducing the learning curve to the maximum. Conclusions: The three-dimensional–printed prototype has been proven effective in guiding surgeons to perform different types of osteotomies. Minimal deviations from the predefined osteotomies were found among the three surgeonsPodologí

Balance performance analysis after the COVID-19 quarantine in children aged between 8 and 12 years old: Longitudinal study

Background: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused great changes in daily activities, especially in children. In Spain, to avoid infections, a home quarantine was declared, which caused a drastic reduction in daily or weekly physical activity in children. Objective: to analyse the balance performance after the COVID-19-induced quarantine on children's balance, through the use of balance tests, considering the type of sport practiced. Methods: an observational and longitudinal study was carried out with a sample size of 150 healthy children (69 boys and 81 girls) with a mean age of 10.02 ± 1.15 years. Postural control was evaluated under different equilibrium conditions before and after the quarantine period. Two data collections using the Gyko system were compared, with a difference of 8 months between them. In addition, the influence of foot type and physical activity was analysed. Results: After the quarantine, statistically significant differences were found in terms of balance results, which were worse than before (p 0.05).Physically active children (i.e., individual and / or collective sport) presented worse results than physically inactive children. A statistically significant impairment in terms of balance was demonstrated in children who performed high and moderate physical activity (p < 0.05). Conclusions: After the quarantine period, a significant reduction in balance performance was found in children. The findings suggest that regular physical activity benefits postural control. Loss of balance does not differ in postural stability by the type of sport practised. Postural stability is not influenced by the type of footprint after the period of physical inactivity. Postural control is influenced in children with a great level of physical activity

Relationship between Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Subtalar Pronation in Female Basketball Players Case-Control Study

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common issue in basketball. Several studies point to subtalar pronation as a relevant risk factor for these injuries, despite their multiarticular and multiplanar nature. This study evaluated the correlation between subtalar pronation and ACL injuries in female basketball players. A total of 30 players were recruited and divided into two groups: 15 with previous ACL injury and 15 without injury. The navicular drop test (NDT) and drop vertical jump test were applied to quantify parameters such as navicular drop, calcaneal eversion, ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, and dynamic valgus. The results showed significantly higher NDT values (6.93 ± 1.64 mm vs. 5.41 ± 1.96 mm, p = 0.029) and maximum calcaneal eversion angle (10.94 ± 3.22◦ vs. 5.30 ± 3.33◦ , p < 0.001) in the injured group. There were also significant differences in maximum dynamic valgus (152.73 ± 15.00◦ vs. 165.26 ± 5.628◦ , p = 0.005) and knee flexion (93.70 ± 7.47◦ vs. 82.92 ± 11.14◦ , p = 0.004) between groups. These findings suggest that subtalar pronation, assessed by NDT, and calcaneal eversion could be indicators of higher susceptibility to ACL injuries in female basketball players.Fisioterapi

A new photovoltaic floating cover system for water reservoirs

This paper describes a new photovoltaic floating cover system for water reservoirs developed jointly by the company CELEMIN ENERGY and the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia. The system consists of polyethylene floating modules which, with the use of tension producing elements and elastic fasteners, are able to adapt to varying reservoir water levels. A full-scale plant located near Alicante (Spain) was built in an agriculture reservoir to study the behaviour of the system. The top of the reservoir has a surface area of 4700 m(2) but only 7% of such area has been covered with the fixed solar system. The system also minimizes evaporation losses from water reservoirs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.The English revision of this paper was funded by the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain.Ferrer Gisbert, CM.; Ferran Gozalvez, JJ.; Redón Santafé, M.; Ferrer-Gisbert, P.; Sánchez-Romero, F.; Torregrosa Soler, JB. (2013). A new photovoltaic floating cover system for water reservoirs. Renewable Energy. (60):63-70. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2013.04.007S63706

Project and Design of a Special Agricultural Warehouse Developed in Phases in Valencia (Spain)

[EN] This article describes the developing phases to build warehouses for a Pomelo Company at Valencian County (East of Spain). The warehouses are remarkable because they did not have many intermediate columns. Spatial and lightweight solutions are adopted and described. In the Projects also natural ventilation and lighting have been considered with a successfully result. Erection conditions and Regulations have been taken also account. It has been an inspiration motive for other consultants.Ferrer Gisbert, CM.; Ferrer-Gisbert, P.; Ferran Gozalvez, JJ.; Redón-Santafé, M.; Torregrosa Soler, JB.; Sánchez-Romero, F. (2020). Project and Design of a Special Agricultural Warehouse Developed in Phases in Valencia (Spain). Current Trends in Civil & Structural Engineering. 5(5):1-8. https://doi.org/10.33552/CTCSE.2020.05.000623S185

IMPLEMENTATION OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC FLOATING COVER FOR IRRIGATION RESERVOIRS

[EN] The article presents the main features of a floating photovoltaic cover system (FPCS) for water irrigation reservoirs whose purpose is to reduce the evaporation of water while generating electrical power. The system consists of polyethylene floating modules which are able to adapt to varying reservoir water levels by means of tension bars and elastic fasteners. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Redón-Santafé, M.; Ferrer-Gisbert, P.; Sánchez-Romero, F.; Torregrosa Soler, JB.; Ferran Gozalvez, JJ.; Ferrer Gisbert, CM. (2014). IMPLEMENTATION OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC FLOATING COVER FOR IRRIGATION RESERVOIRS. Journal of Cleaner Production. 66:568-570. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.11.006S5685706

Distance learning ects and flipped classroom in the anatomy learning: comparative study of the use of augmented reality, video and notes

Background: The establishment of the ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) is one of the pillars of the European Space of Higher Education. This way of accounting for the time spent in training has two essential parts, classroom teaching (work with the professor) and distance learning (work without the professor, whether in an individual or collective way). Much has been published on the distance learning part, but less on the classroom teaching section. In this work, the authors investigate didactic strategies and associated aids for distance learning work in a concept based on flipped classroom where transmitting information is carried out with aids that the professor prepares, so that the student works in an independent way before the classes, thus being able to dedicate the classroom teaching time to more complex learning and being able to count on the professor’s help. Methods: Three teaching aids applied to the study of anatomy have been compared: Notes with images, videos, and augmented reality. Four dimensions have been compared: the time spent, the acquired learnings, the metacognitive perception, and the prospects of the use of augmented reality for study. Results: The results show the effectiveness, in all aspects, of augmented reality when compared with the rest of aids. The questionnaire assessed the acquired knowledge through a course exam, where 5.60 points were obtained for the notes group, 6.54 for the video group, and 7.19 for the augmented reality group. That is 0.94 more points for the video group compared with the notes and 1.59 more points for the augmented reality group compared with the notes group. Conclusions: This research demonstrates that, although technology has not been sufficiently developed for education, it is expected that it can be improved in both the autonomous work of the student and the academic training of health science students and that we can teach how to learn. Moreover, one can see how the grades of the students who studied with augmented reality are more grouped and that there is less dispersion in the marks compared with other materials.Financial support of the Foundation “Prevere Bernat Beny”.Pedagogí

Mapping the 25 top-cited research papers in plantar fasciitis in runners.

Introducción: Las citas que recibe un artículo es el método más utilizado para valorar su impacto en un campo científi co determinado. La fascitis plantar es una de las cinco lesiones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes en corredores, de etiología multifactorial, que se caracteriza por ser un proceso degenerativo de la fascia plantar y ocurre cuando está expuesta de manera repetitiva a sobrecargas tensiles. El objetivo es analizar las características de los 25 artículos más citados sobre fascitis plantar en corredores. Materiales y métodos: Para identifi car los artículos más citados se utilizó la base de datos Web of Science (1945-2016). Se analizó la información en relación con el número de citas recibidas, años de publicación, revista, área de investigación, autoría, institución, país y referencias bibliográfi cas de dichos artículos. Resultados: Los 25 artículos más citados se publicaron entre 1983 y 2009. La década del 2000 es la más productiva en cuanto al número de artículos. El 84 % de estos artículos son originarios de EE. UU. y fueron publicados en 11 revistas diferentes. Recibieron una media de 78.5 citas por artículo. Las áreas de investigación en las que se han desarrollado principalmente estos estudios son Ortopedia y Ciencias del Deporte. Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación permiten identifi car los artículos más relevantes que han contribuido en mayor medida al desarrollo del conocimiento científi co sobre la etiología, diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de la fascitis plantar en corredores y su evolución en el tiempo. Permite reconocer a los autores e instituciones que han hecho contribuciones destacables en este ámbito y liderado el camino en el crecimiento de estas investigaciones y los autores más infl uyentes para ellos.Introduction: The cites received by a paper is the most common method used to determine its impact in a particular scientifi c fi eld. Plantar fasciitis is one of the fi ve most common skeletal muscle injuries in runners. With a multi-factor aetiology, this degenerative process of the plantar fascia occurs when it is repetitively exposed to tensile overload. This research aims to analyse the characteristics of the 25 most-cited papers on plantar fasciitis in runners. Materials and methods: To fi nd the top-cited articles, the Web of Science database was used. Data was analysed regarding the number of citations, year of publication, publishing journal, research area, authorship, institution, country, and bibliographic references. Results: The 25 most cited articles were published between 1983 and 2009. The 2000s is the most productive decade, paperwise. 84 % of these articles are from the US. They were published in 11 journals. On average, they had 78.5 citations per article. The main research areas in which the papers were developed were Orthopaedics and Sport Science. Conclusion: The results of this research facilitate the identifi cation of the most relevant research papers contributing to the development of scientifi c knowledge in the aetiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of plantar fasciitis in runners, and help to determine how it has evolved over time. It is also a way of acknowledging authors and institutions with outstanding contributions and leadership in this research area, as well as their most infl uential authors.Humanidade