Extractive reserves and public policies intended to the traditional peoples and communities of Brazilian amazon

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, as políticas públicas desenvolvidas nas Reservas Extrativistas (RESEX [1]) da Amazônia brasileira, com foco principal em políticas educacionais e de saúde e reforma agrária. O principal referencial teórico-metodológico foi baseado na exploração da literatura, seguido de coleta de dados, em livros, documentos oficiais, artigos, teses e dissertações sobre o tema proposto. Posteriormente, foram realizadas análises de dados e produção textual. Os resultados revelam que, apesar das recentes melhorias, o Brasil ainda apresenta uma distribuição desequilibrada de sua riqueza ao considerar as populações rurais e florestais, principalmente em termos de direitos constitucionais como territorialidade, saúde e educação, decorrentes de decisões burocráticas que desconsideram o conhecimento dos povos tradicionais e comunidades.   [1] Com o objetivo de maior clareza, leitura fluida e pesquisa facilitada, as siglas foram mantidas em seu idioma original, enquanto nomes próprios, planos e órgãos foram traduzidos pelos autores deste artigo

Preserved homologous peritoneum graft after lamellar keratectomy in dogs

The aim of this paper was to study the use of glycerol preserved, homologous peritoneum on the repair of superficial lesions of the cornea. Seven dogs, males and females, weighing about 10 kg were used. A lamelar keratectomy - 0.4 x 0.5 mm and one third of cornea thickness - was performed at both sides and during the same anesthetic period. A piece of peritoneum was implanted by using a simple, interrupted pattern suture of 8-0 prolene. The animals were sacrificed and eyes were enucleated at 24 hours, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after surgery. Clinical and histological exams were conducted. Blefarospasm, quemosis and corneal opacity were clinical signs observed at short-term periods. These signs disappeared at day 32, when deopacification of the implant was seen. No inflammation signs were observed at this time. The epithelium had grown over the implant at day seven, and initial resorption of the peritoneum was occurring. No inflammatory infriltrate was seen at day seventeen. Pigment deposition was seen on later evaluations. There were no rejection signs. The results allowed us to admit adopting the homologous preserved peritoneum as another option for keratoplasty in dogs.Estudou-se a viabilidade do uso do peritônio homólogo, conservado em glicerina, na reparação de lesões superficiais da córnea, após ceratectomia lamelar. Para tanto foram utilizados 7 cães, machos e fêmeas, pesando 10 kg em média. Realizou-se ceratectomia lamelar de 0,4 x 0,5 mm de lado e 1/3 da espessura da córnea, bilateralmente, e nomesmo período anestésico, seguida de implante de peritônio homólogo e utilizando-se sutura interrompida aplicada em toda a extensão do enxerto. Os animais foram sacrificados e seus globos oculares enucleados, em intervalos de 24 horas, 7, 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório. Para observação dos resultados, procedeu-se às avaliações clínica e histológica. Blefarospasmo, quemose e opacidade de córnea foram sinais comuns aos períodos precoces de pósoperatório,os quais foram desaparecendo até o 32a dia, quando o enxerto se encontrava em plena fase de desopacificação e o globo ocular isento de sinais de inflamação. Epitelização total do enxerto se fez presente aossete dias, seguida por reabsorção do mesmo, com ausência de infiltrado inflamatório aos 17 dias. Houve deposição de pigmento no estroma nos períodos tardros de avaliação. Não foi observado infiltrado inflamatório nem reação clínica que pudesse ser patognomônica de eliminação do enxerto. Diante das observações factuais de cada um dos tempos, admite-se o emprego do peritônio homólogo na reparação lamelar de lesões superficiais da córnea, constituindo-se, portanto, em mais uma opção de técnica de ceratoplastia no cão

IRRITABILIDADE E FALTA DE ÂNIMO: SINTOMAS DA MENOR ANDROPAUSA

Andropause, also known as "male menopause", is a biological phenomenon that affects men as they age, characterized by the gradual decrease in testosterone levels. This hormonal process can trigger several symptoms, including irritability and lack of energy. This study aims to investigate and synthesize relevant information about the relationship between andropause and these symptoms through an integrative literature review. The objective of this integrative literature review is to analyze scientific studies and case reports related to andropause, specifically examining the association between decreased testosterone levels and symptoms of irritability and low mood. To conduct this integrative literature review, we performed a comprehensive search of scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using search terms related to andropause, testosterone, irritability, and low mood. Studies were selected that addressed the relationship between decreased testosterone levels and associated emotional symptoms. The inclusion criteria included research published in the last ten years, in English or Portuguese, with varied methodologies, including clinical trials, observational studies and systematic reviews. Andropause is a natural male aging process that can result in significant symptoms, such as irritability and lack of energy. Understanding this relationship is essential to providing adequate care to men facing these challenges. Testosterone replacement therapy and lifestyle changes represent valuable strategies for alleviating these symptoms, although the risks and benefits must be carefully weighed. More research is needed to deepen our understanding of andropause and its impacts on men's health.A andropausa, também conhecida como "menopausa masculina", é um fenômeno biológico que afeta homens à medida que envelhecem, caracterizado pela diminuição gradual dos níveis de testosterona. Esse processo hormonal pode desencadear diversos sintomas, entre eles a irritabilidade e a falta de ânimo. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar e sintetizar informações relevantes sobre a relação entre a andropausa e esses sintomas por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O objetivo desta revisão integrativa da literatura é analisar estudos científicos e relatos de casos relacionados à andropausa, especificamente examinando a associação entre a diminuição dos níveis de testosterona e os sintomas de irritabilidade e falta de ânimo. Para conduzir esta revisão integrativa da literatura, realizamos uma busca abrangente em bases de dados científicas, incluindo PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar, utilizando termos de pesquisa relacionados à andropausa, testosterona, irritabilidade e falta de ânimo. Foram selecionados estudos que abordaram a relação entre a diminuição dos níveis de testosterona e os sintomas emocionais associados. Os critérios de inclusão contemplaram pesquisas publicadas nos últimos dez anos, em inglês ou português, com metodologias variadas, incluindo ensaios clínicos, estudos observacionais e revisões sistemáticas. A andropausa é um processo natural de envelhecimento masculino que pode resultar em sintomas significativos, como irritabilidade e falta de ânimo. A compreensão dessa relação é fundamental para fornecer um atendimento adequado aos homens que enfrentam esses desafios. A terapia de reposição de testosterona e as mudanças no estilo de vida representam estratégias valiosas para aliviar esses sintomas, embora os riscos e benefícios devam ser cuidadosamente avaliados. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para aprofundar nossa compreensão da andropausa e seus impactos na saúde masculina

A EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL E O DEBATE ACERCA DO ATENDIMENTO HUMANIZADO

The provision of health services permeates the interaction between professionals from different areas, highlighting the importance of the multidisciplinary team. Humanized care emerges as a crucial element in this context, aiming to provide a patient-centered approach, respecting their individuality and promoting comprehensive care. This study seeks to analyze the relationship between the performance of the multidisciplinary team and the implementation of humanized care, exploring the available literature to understand the practices, challenges and benefits associated with this approach in the healthcare setting. The methodology adopted consists of an integrative literature review, allowing a comprehensive analysis of relevant studies on the intersection between the multidisciplinary team and humanized care. The search and selection of articles were carried out systematically in scientific databases. The results reveal that the integrated action of the multidisciplinary team is essential to promote humanization in health care. The exchange of knowledge and collaboration between different professionals contribute to a more holistic and effective approach, meeting the physical, emotional and social needs of patients. Discussions address challenges faced by the multidisciplinary team, such as interdisciplinary communication and overcoming hierarchical barriers. Furthermore, the benefits of humanized care stand out, including greater patient satisfaction, improved adherence to treatment and strengthening of the therapeutic bond. This study highlights the importance of the multidisciplinary team in the context of humanized care, highlighting the need for policies and practices that encourage interdisciplinary collaboration. Promoting an organizational culture that values ​​humanization in care contributes to the quality and effectiveness of health services.A prestação de serviços de saúde permeia a interação entre profissionais de diversas áreas, destacando a importância da equipe multiprofissional. O atendimento humanizado emerge como um elemento crucial nesse contexto, visando proporcionar uma abordagem centrada no paciente, respeitando sua individualidade e promovendo a integralidade do cuidado. Este estudo busca analisar a relação entre a atuação da equipe multiprofissional e a implementação do atendimento humanizado, explorando a literatura disponível para compreender as práticas, desafios e benefícios associados a essa abordagem no cenário da saúde. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma revisão integrativa da literatura, permitindo a análise abrangente de estudos relevantes sobre a interseção entre a equipe multiprofissional e o atendimento humanizado. A busca e seleção dos artigos foram realizadas de forma sistemática em bases de dados científicas. Os resultados revelam que a atuação integrada da equipe multiprofissional é fundamental para promover a humanização no atendimento em saúde. A troca de conhecimentos e a colaboração entre diferentes profissionais contribuem para uma abordagem mais holística e eficaz, atendendo às necessidades físicas, emocionais e sociais dos pacientes. Discussões abordam desafios enfrentados pela equipe multiprofissional, como a comunicação interdisciplinar e a superação de barreiras hierárquicas. Além disso, destacam-se os benefícios do atendimento humanizado, incluindo maior satisfação do paciente, melhoria na adesão ao tratamento e fortalecimento do vínculo terapêutico. Este estudo ressalta a importância da equipe multiprofissional no contexto do atendimento humanizado, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas e práticas que incentivem a colaboração interdisciplinar. A promoção de uma cultura organizacional que valorize a humanização no cuidado contribui para a qualidade e efetividade dos serviços de saúde

Economic viability of crude glycerin in diets for lambs finished in feedlot

The aim was to evaluate the economic viability of increasing levels of crude glycerin (CG) in diets for finishing lambs. The trial was carried out at Southwest State University of Bahia, Itapetinga-BA. Twenty five crossbred, Santa Inês x Dorper, with 24 ± 2,0 kg, were housed in individual pens. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of increasing levels of dietary CG (0, 2.65, 5.33, 8.06 and 10.84%) and the roughage used was the Tifton 85 hay. Diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requeriments, aiming a gain of 200 g day-1. The analysis was based on use of economic indicators Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The animals dry matter intake decreased linearly (P0.05) on performance and meat production results. None of the treatments showed economic viability

Luteal changes after treatment with sub-luteolytic doses of prostaglandin (cloprostenol sodium) in cattle

This study characterizes the physiological and morphological changes related to partial luteolysis in bovine corpus luteum (CL) after challenges with sub-doses of cloprostenol sodium on Day 6 (D6) of the estrous cycle. Cows (n =12/treatment) were treated as follows: Control (2 mL, saline, i.m.); 2XPGF (two treatments i.m. 500 mu g of cloprostenol sodium 2 h apart) and 1/6PGF (83.3 mu g of cloprostenol sodium, i.m., once). Plasma progesterone (P4) concentration, CL volume and blood flow were measured immediately before the treatments, then every 8 h (h) for 48 h. In the Control, P4 concentrations were higher at 48 h than at Oh. P4 decreased 8 h after 2XPGF treatment (P< 0.05), and remained low until the end of the trial. P4 decreased in 1/6PGF between 8 and 16 h (P< 0.05), then began to rebound at 24 h. Luteal volume was higher in Controls at 48 h than at Oh. Under 1/6PGF, luteal volume decreased at 24 h (P <0.05) and began to rebound at 32 h. Luteal volume and blood flow were reduced starting at 24 and 32 h, respectively, after 2XPGF treatment (P< 0.05). In this study, we were able to describe the partial luteolysis phenomenon, induced by a treatment of a D6CL with cloprostenol sub-dose.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora