Composições e métodos para modificar a expressão de genes usando promotor de genes específicos de flor e fruto de plantas

DepositadaA presente invenção refere-se a promotores de expressão de genes específicos em plantas. Mais especificamente, a presente invenção proporciona uma sequência de nucleotídeos para a expressão de genes de interesse em flores e frutos de Gossypium Hirsutum para produção de plantas geneticamente modificadas que sejam capazes de resistir ao ataque de pragas, tal como bicudo-do-algodoeiro (Anthonomus grandis). Nomeadamente, a presente invenção descreve construções de DNA que contenham os promotores dos genes de interesse, para criação de plantas geneticamente modificadas, bem como um método para modificação da expressão gênica

A Fractal Model of the Stress Field Around a Rough Crack

This chapter presents a model of a stress and displacement fields around a rough crack tip in brittle and ductile materials using a pre-fractal model. This approach allows for a more realistic fractal scaling, of a real fracture. A special stress vector for rugged surfaces was defined, and it was also shown that the pre-fractal consideration also results in different asymptotic limits for the singularity degree of the stress field at the crack tip for brittle materials. The asymptotic limit obtained here differs from the singularity degrees presented by other authors. Therefore, other consequences such as fracture instability are also included in the mathematical model presented here. A generalization of the stress fields for brittle and ductile materials is proposed. Changes in geometric shapes of the stress field are due to the roughness at the crack tip as shown by the mapping of simulated stress fields around a crack tip. The fractal stress field functions were mapped at different singularity power degrees indicating that the qualitative aspects of these fields alone, do not sufficient to determine which model presents the best fit to experimental results. Therefore, the model need a validation based on quantitative experimental measurements

Utilização do gene homeobox de café CAHB12 na produção de plantas transgênicas mais tolerantes ao déficit hídrico e estresse salino

DepositadaA inovação ora proposta está relacionada ao melhoramento bioteonolôgico vegetal de espécies de interesse comercial. Mais especificamente, a presente invenção está relacionada com a produção de plantas transgênicas mais tolerantes ao déficit hídrico e estresse salino, através da expressão de um novo gene de café (sp. Coffea arabica), pertencente à família HD-Zip, caracterizada pela presença do homeodomínio associado a um zíper de leucina. A expressão desse fator transcricional é induzida em folhas e raízes de plantas de café submetidas a diferentes condições de déficit hídrico (moderado e severo), e plantas transgênicas sobre-expressando esse gene apresentam uma maior tolerância, tanto a diferentes níveis de seca, quanto a elevadas concentrações de sal

Identification and evaluation of new reference genes in Gossypium hirsutum for accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Normalizing through reference genes, or housekeeping genes, can make more accurate and reliable results from reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Recent studies have shown that no single housekeeping gene is universal for all experiments. Thus, suitable reference genes should be the first step of any qPCR analysis. Only a few studies on the identification of housekeeping gene have been carried on plants. Therefore qPCR studies on important crops such as cotton has been hampered by the lack of suitable reference genes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>By the use of two distinct algorithms, implemented by <it>geNorm </it>and <it>NormFinder</it>, we have assessed the gene expression of nine candidate reference genes in cotton: <it>GhACT4, GhEF1α5, GhFBX6, GhPP2A1, GhMZA, GhPTB, GhGAPC2, GhβTUB3 </it>and <it>GhUBQ14</it>. The candidate reference genes were evaluated in 23 experimental samples consisting of six distinct plant organs, eight stages of flower development, four stages of fruit development and in flower verticils. The expression of <it>GhPP2A1 </it>and <it>GhUBQ14 </it>genes were the most stable across all samples and also when distinct plants organs are examined. <it>GhACT4 </it>and <it>GhUBQ14 </it>present more stable expression during flower development, <it>GhACT4 </it>and <it>GhFBX6 </it>in the floral verticils and <it>GhMZA </it>and <it>GhPTB </it>during fruit development. Our analysis provided the most suitable combination of reference genes for each experimental set tested as internal control for reliable qPCR data normalization. In addition, to illustrate the use of cotton reference genes we checked the expression of two cotton MADS-box genes in distinct plant and floral organs and also during flower development.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We have tested the expression stabilities of nine candidate genes in a set of 23 tissue samples from cotton plants divided into five different experimental sets. As a result of this evaluation, we recommend the use of <it>GhUBQ14 </it>and <it>GhPP2A1 </it>housekeeping genes as superior references for normalization of gene expression measures in different cotton plant organs; <it>GhACT4 </it>and <it>GhUBQ14 </it>for flower development, <it>GhACT4 </it>and <it>GhFBX6 </it>for the floral organs and <it>GhMZA </it>and <it>GhPTB </it>for fruit development. We also provide the primer sequences whose performance in qPCR experiments is demonstrated. These genes will enable more accurate and reliable normalization of qPCR results for gene expression studies in this important crop, the major source of natural fiber and also an important source of edible oil. The use of bona fide reference genes allowed a detailed and accurate characterization of the temporal and spatial expression pattern of two MADS-box genes in cotton.</p

Ozone saturation in a column containing peanut kernels and the effect on quality

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o processo de saturação do ozônio em coluna contendo amendoim e o efeito na qualidade de produto. Utilizaram-se grãos com teor de umidade em torno de 6,8% (b.u.), acondicionados em recipientes cilíndricos de PVC, com 1,10 m de altura e 15 cm de diâmetro. O gás, nas concentrações de 1,59 e 2,78 mg L–1, foi injetado na base da coluna e os valores adotados de altura da coluna de grãos foram de 0,25, 0,50 e 0,75 m. Determinaram-se os tempos e as concentrações de saturação e avaliou-se a qualidade dos grãos ozonizados. Para os grãos ozonizados na concentração de 1,59 mg L–1, obteve-se tempo de saturação na faixa entre 222 e 449 min. No que tange à relação CSat/C0, obtiveram-se valores entre 0,32 e 0,48. Com relação aos grãos submetidos à ozonização na concentração de 2,78 mg L–1, obteve-se tempo de saturação na faixa entre 78 e 251 min. No que se refere à relação CSat/C0, para a concentração inicial de 2,78 mg L–1, os valores permaneceram entre 0,46 e 0,81. É possível concluir, a partir dos resultados obtidos, que, à medida que se aumenta a altura da coluna de grãos de amendoim, há aumento do tempo de saturação e decréscimo da concentração de saturação. Não houve alteração na qualidade do produto durante o processo de ozonização.The objective of this study was to evaluate the ozone saturation process in a column containing peanuts and the effect on product quality. Peanuts with a moisture content of about 6.8% (w.b.) were used, packed in cylindrical PVC containers with 1.10 m in height and 15 cm in diameter. Ozone was injected into the base of the cylindrical column and the corresponding values adopted for the heights of the grain columns were 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 m. The peanuts were ozonized at concentrations of 1.59 and 2.78 mg L–1, a temperature of 25 °C and a gas flow rate of 5.0 L min–1. The ozone saturation times and concentrations were determined and also the quality of the ozonized peanuts. For peanut kernels ozonated at a concentration of 1.59 mg L–1, saturation times ranging between 222 and 449 min were obtained. Regarding the CSat/C0 ratio, values ​​between 0.32 and 0.48 were obtained. For peanut kernels ozonated at a concentration of 2.78 mg L–1, saturation times between 78 and 251 min were obtained, and the CSat/C0 ratio for an initial concentration of 2.78 mg L-1 was between 0.46 and 0.81. It was concluded from the results that an increase in height of the peanut kernel column resulted in an increased saturation time and decreased saturation concentration. There was no change in product quality during the ozonation process

Produto farmacêutico e processo para sua produção

Em 01/12/2015: Recurso contra o Indeferimento. Notificação de interposição de recurso ao Presidente do INPI contra o indeferimento do pedido de patente ou do certificado de adição de invenção, objetivando o reexame da matéria.Não concedidaSão revelados produtos farmacêuticos úteis no tratamento de alergias, doenças autoimunes, na vacinação de mamíferos e em aplicações diagnósticas in vitro, estes produtos compreendendo grãos de pólen que contêm sua composição proteica alterada através de modificação genética na planta que o produz; o processo de produção dos referidos produtos farmacêuticos compreende o cultivo de plantas com modificação genética que proporciona a alteração da composição molecular dos grãos de pólen

Dinámica de fluidos computacionales (CFD) y su uso para analizar la distribucion de gases al interior de instalaciones pecuarias: una revisión de literatura

Currently, one of the most discussed subjects in commercial livestock production is the emission of gases and temperature distribution, associated to climate change and animal welfare, principally with gas as methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3). Application of computational fluid dynamics (CfD) for predicting the occurrence of these gases, especially in the animal production sector, is becoming increasingly important. Along the years, the versatility, precision and ease of use offered by CfD has caused its greater acceptance by the agricultural and animal engineering community. Therefore, CfD is regularly utilized to solve environmental problems associated to climate control in commercial animal production installations. Due to a better combination between computational simulation in CfD and mathematical modeling, realism of these simulations has become more reliable in recent years. Based on these facts, the goal of this study was to showed the recent studies using commercial Computational fluid Dynamics (CfD) to determinate the behavior and distributions of gases inside animal production installations, showing the advantages and limitations of the technique.Actualmente, uno de los casos de mayor discusión en la producción animal, es la emisión de gases y de distribución de temperatura asociados al cambio climático y al comportamiento animal, principalmente con gases como metano (CH4) y el amoniaco (NH3). La aplicación de la dinámica de los fluidos computacionales (CfD) para predecir el comportamiento de esos gases, especialmente en el sector de producción animal, esta comenzando a ganar gran importancia. A lo largo de los años, la versatilidad, precisión y la facilidad de uso ofrecida por el CfD ha tenido una gran aceptación en la comunidad de la Ingeniería Agrícola y pecuaria en general. Por lo tanto, el CfD es regularmente utilizado para solucionar problemas ambientales asociados a control climático en instalaciones comerciales de producción animal. Debido a la mejor combinación entre la simulación computacional con CfD y modelos matemáticos, situaciones reales se han simulado con mayor confiabilidad en los últimos años. Este trabajo ofrece una revisión del estado del arte acerca de la aplicación de la técnica con CfD para determinar el comportamiento y distribución de gases al interior de instalaciones pecuarias, mostrando las ventajas y limitaciones de la técnica.Incluye referencias bibliográfica

Descriptive study of suspected congenital zika syndrome cases during the 2015–2016 epidemic in Brazil

Clinical and epidemiological data on suspected congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) cases from southern Mato Grosso (MT) in Brazil during the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in 2015–2016 were evaluated. Methods: This is a descriptive case series study of newborns whose mothers were suspected cases of ZIKV infections during their pregnancies. The medical records of all the suspected CZS cases (mothers and newborns) treated by the specialized ambulatory service from June 2015 to August 2016 were analyzed. Results: Twenty suspected CZS cases were included in these analyses. They were categorized into four groups based on the clinical and laboratory findings: confirmed cases (n=1), highly probable cases (n=13), moderately probable cases (n=5), and somewhat probable cases (n=1). The mothers tested negative for STORCH (syphilis, toxoplasmosis, other infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus infection, and herpes simplex) and other important congenital infections; however, specific ZIKV tests were not performed during the study period. Microcephaly was observed in the majority of these newborns, and all the patients showed altered cranial computed tomography image findings. Extracranial abnormalities such as arthrogryposis, and otological and ophthalmological manifestations were also observed. Conclusions: Although ZIKV was not confirmed to cause the congenital malformations, this study demonstrated that the clinical and epidemiological findings associated with a STORCH exclusion strengthened the CZS diagnosis. The suspected cases in MT occurred simultaneously with the first CZS cases reported in Brazil, suggesting ZIKV circulation in the study region during the same period5

O Valor Percebido pelo Consumidor Brasileiro de Tênis para Corrida de Rua

The market related to the street races presents strong growth in Brazilian sports retail. In this market, running shoes stand out as one of the main products for this practice, being directly related health and runner performance. As creation of value for the consumer is an important measure to obtain competitive advantage, the aim of this study is empirically evaluate the Customer Perceived Value - CVP about running shoes. The research that has a quantitative approach, with application of an electronic questionnaire to 401 street runners. The data were analyzed by the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method with software SmartPLS 3.0. The results shows that the functional value of the product, emotional value and economic value are important and significant variables of CVP, wich doesn't occur with social value. This study presents a contribution to marketing literature searching for the understanding of Customer Perceived Value - CVP of running shoes.O mercado relacionado às corridas de rua apresenta forte crescimento no varejo esportivo brasileiro. Nesse mercado, se destaca o tênis de corrida como um dos principais produtos para essa prática, estando diretamente relacionado à saúde e desempenho do corredor. Como a criação de valor para o consumidor é uma importante medida para obtenção de vantagem competitiva o objetivo deste artigo é avaliar empiricamente o Valor Percebido pelo Consumidor (CPV) de tênis para corrida. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem quantitativa utilizando dados de um questionário eletrônico, sendo a amostra composta por 401 corredores de rua. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais utilizando o método Partial Least Squares (PLS), com a utilização do software SmartPLS 3.0. Os resultados demonstram que o valor funcional do produto, valor emocional e valor econômico são importantes e significantes variáveis do CPV, o que não ocorre com o valor social. Assim, este estudo apresenta uma contribuição à literatura de marketing ao procurar compreender a construção do Valor Percebido pelo Consumidor - CVP de tênis para corrida de rua.