"Ce n\u2019est pas seulement un langage de femme" : la voix f\ue9minine \ue9touff\ue9e de Marie de l\u2019Incarnation

La focalisation r\ue9cente des gender studies sur les \ue9crits spirituels des femmes dans les colonies, religieuses ou d\ue9votes fournit des pistes d\u2019analyse int\ue9ressantes pour relire l\u2019\u153uvre de Marie de l\u2019Incarnation. Son destin, en effet, est semblable \ue0 celui d\u2019autres femmes de l\u2019\ue9poque op\ue9rant dans des contextes religieux, auxquelles on ne reconna\ueet pas un statut d\u2019auteur, m\ueame si elles jouent un r\uf4le de plus en plus important au sein de l\u2019\uc9glise. Invit\ue9es, ou parfois oblig\ue9es par d\u2019autres autorit\ue9s eccl\ue9siastiques, des hommes, \ue0 relater leur exp\ue9rience et donc \ue0 utiliser le \u2018je\u2019 de l\u2019\ue9criture, elles ne sont pas reconnues en tant qu\u2019auteurs. Jusqu\u2019aux ann\ue9es 1930, les \ue9crits de l\u2019Ursuline n\u2019\ue9taient connus qu\u2019\ue0 travers les nombreuses biographies qui, pendant les si\ue8cles, ont aliment\ue9 une litt\ue9rature d\ue9vote ayant grandement contribu\ue9 \ue0 l\u2019\ue9riger en personnage fondateur de l\u2019histoire du Qu\ue9bec catholique. Encore \ue0 l\u2019\ue9poque actuelle cet itin\ue9raire, marqu\ue9 par l\u2019entreprise apostolique au Canada que Marie aussi estimait d\u2019\uabextraordinaire, [...] \ue9loign\ue9e de [s]a condition et sans exemple\ubb, n\u2019a pas cess\ue9 d\u2019attirer l\u2019attention sur la femme et sur son \u153uvre, sans toutefois entra\ueener une approche textuelle globale de son \u153uvre. \uc0 travers l\u2019analyse des Retraites de la V\ue9n\ue9rable M\ue8re Marie de l\u2019Incarnation, religieuse ursuline, avec une exposition succincte du \u201cCantique des cantiques\u201d (1682) nous nous proposons de d\ue9gager l\u2019\u153uvre du carcan de gloses qui l\u2019a enserr\ue9 pendant des si\ue8cles et de faire \ue9merger les traits d\u2019une \ue9criture f\ue9minine profond\ue9ment originale. Alessandra Ferraro studies the Retraites de la V\ue9n\ue9rable M\ue8re Marie de l\u2019Incarnation, religieuse ursuline, avec une exposition succincte du \u201cCantique des cantiques\u201d (1682). Her analysis permits to read in a new perspective Marie's text, underlining the peculiarities of a surprisingly original feminine writing

Per un approccio geografico ai testi della letteratura migrante

La contaminazione tra strumenti ermeneutici propri della geografia e della letteratura, alla base di una \u201csvolta spaziale\u201d 12 un cartographical turn 12 in atto nelle discipline umanistiche, consente di analizzare la realt\ue0 da una prospettiva diversa, rinnovando l\u2019approccio epistemologico ai testi letterari. Si tratta di un\u2019analisi particolarmente feconda per la letteratura migrante il cui legame con lo spazio \ue8 insito nell\u2019aggettivo che la definisce esprimendo il nomadismo e l\u2019erranza, la mobilit\ue0 e l\u2019idea di attraversamento delle frontiere, caratteristiche delle opere di questa corrente

3D phase-matching conditions for the generation of entangled triplets by chi(2) interlinked interactions

An analytical calculation of the interaction geometry of two interlinked second-order nonlinear processes fulfilling phase-matching conditions is presented. The method is developed for type-I uniaxial crystals and gives the positions on a screen beyond the crystal of the entangled triplets generated by the interactions. The analytical results are compared to experiments realized in the macroscopic regime. Preliminary tests to identify the triplets are also performed based on intensity correlations.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 movie (extension of fig. 2

Bayesian Modeling for Differential Cryptanalysis of Block Ciphers: a DES instance

Encryption algorithms based on block ciphers are among the most widely adopted solutions for providing information security. Over the years, a variety of methods have been proposed to evaluate the robustness of these algorithms to different types of security attacks. One of the most effective analysis techniques is differential cryptanalysis, whose aim is to study how variations in the input propagate on the output. In this work we address the modeling of differential attacks to block cipher algorithms by defining a Bayesian framework that allows a probabilistic estimation of the secret key. In order to prove the validity of the proposed approach, we present as case study a differential attack to the Data Encryption Standard (DES) which, despite being one of the methods that has been most thoroughly analyzed, is still of great interest to the scientific community since its vulnerabilities may have implications on other ciphers

Strengths of the resonances at 436, 479, 639, 661, and 1279 keV in the 22^{22}Ne(p,γ\gamma)23^{23}Na reaction

The $^{22}$Ne(p,$\gamma$)$^{23}$Na reaction is included in the neon-sodium cycle of hydrogen burning. A number of narrow resonances in the Gamow window dominates the thermonuclear reaction rate. Several resonance strengths are only poorly known. As a result, the $^{22}$Ne(p,$\gamma$)$^{23}$Na thermonuclear reaction rate is the most uncertain rate of the cycle. Here, a new experimental study of the strengths of the resonances at 436, 479, 639, 661, and 1279 keV proton beam energy is reported. The data have been obtained using a tantalum target implanted with $^{22}$Ne. The strengths $\omega\gamma$ of the resonances at 436, 639, and 661 keV have been determined with a relative approach, using the 479 and 1279 keV resonances for normalization. Subsequently, the ratio of resonance strengths of the 479 and 1279 keV resonances was determined, improving the precision of these two standards. The new data are consistent with, but more precise than, the literature with the exception of the resonance at 661 keV, which is found to be less intense by one order of magnitude. In addition, improved branching ratios have been determined for the gamma decay of the resonances at 436, 479, and 639 keV.Comment: Final version, now using the Kelly et al. (2015) data [15] for normalization; 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 table

One Health Evaluation: A Case Study at the University of Bologna

The level of One Health (OH), or \u201cOne Health-ness,\u201d of health interventions has been defined as the capacity to operate according to six dimensions concerning OH operations and OH infrastructures, respectively (thinking, planning, and working; and information sharing, reciprocal learning, and systemic organization). Although health initiatives and research increasingly claim their orientation toward OH, such a capacity is rarely assessed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the One Health-ness of the academic team of the University of Bologna (UNIBO Team) working in the \u201cELEPHANT\u201d project (Empowering universities' Learning and rEsearch caPacities in the one Health Approach for the maNagement of animals at the wildlife, livestock and human interface in SouTh Africa). This project involves universities, six from South Africa and two from Europe, and aims at embedding OH in research and learning to enable the control of diseases at the human, animal, and environmental interface, and to emphasize the interests of local African communities with wildlife conservation. The methodology adopts the NEOH method, developed in 2018 by the EU-COST Action, \u201cNetwork for the Evaluation of One Health.\u201d The approach is based on questionnaires delivered to participants, which focus on the six OH dimensions, and then translate answers into quantitative metrics through the OH Index (OHI) and the OH Ratio (OHR). The following two evaluation levels are foreseen: the whole project and the single partner institutions. The evaluations are carried on in parallel, with preliminary, mid-term, and final assessments, to monitor the efficacy of the project actions. The preliminary evaluation of the UNIBO Team resulted in the OHI of 0.23 and the OHR of 1.69 which indicate a low degree of OH-ness and an imbalance between OH operation and OH infrastructure. The UNIBO case study will be the baseline for the evaluation of the other partner institutions involved in the ELEPHANT project. This type of evaluation can support the implementation of OH practices inside a project and underpin the strategies that allow to achieving more effective results. Any improvement in the OH-ness of each single academic team can be also considered as a result of the ELEPHANT project, thus showing its multiplier effect in the context

CXCL12 prolongs naive CD4 + T lymphocytes survival via activation of PKA, CREB and Bcl2 and BclXl up-regulation

Naive T lymphocytes recirculate through the body, traveling from secondary lymphoid organs through tissues and via lymphatic vessels and peripheral blood into other secondary lymphoid organs and into the bone marrow. In these tissues, lymphocytes are exposed to the chemokine CXCL12 which is abundantly produced in bone marrow and in lymph nodes by stromal cells. CXCL12 is known to drive lymphocytes chemotaxis and, in cells types such as stem cells, an antiapopototic effect has been described. Methods Here we analyzed the effect of CXCL12 exposure on naïve CD4 + T lymphocytes purified from peripheral blood by immunomagnetic negative isolation and cultured in a nutrient poor medium. We also studied, mainly by western blot analysis, the signaling pathways involved in CXCL12 action on naïve CD4 + T lymphocytes. Results We found that CXCL12-exposed cells survived longer than untreated ones and this prolonged lifespan was specific for resting naïve lymphocytes, while in vitro activated lymphoblasts died rapidly despite CXCL12 treatment. We demonstrated that the increased percentage of living cells observed upon CXCL12 administration was not due to induction of proliferation but to a prosurvival effect of this chemokine. Moreover, our data suggest that this prosurvival effect on naïve CD4 + T lymphocytes might likely be mediated by PKA-dependent CREB activation and consequent increased expression of the antiapoptotic factors Bcl2 and BclXl. Conclusions This newly reported activity of CXCL12 might contribute to the maintenance of the naïve T lymphocytes pool in vivo, which is needed to ensure a proper immune response to new antigens

Functional characterization of WNT7A signaling in PC12 cells: Interaction with a FZD5-LRP6 receptor complex and modulation by dickkopf proteins

WNT factors represent key mediators of many processes in animal development and homeostasis and act through a receptor complex comprised of members of the Frizzled and low density lipoprotein-related receptors (LRP). In mammals, 19 genes encoding Wingless and Int-related factor (WNTs), 10 encoding Frizzled, and 2 encoding LRP proteins have been identified, but little is known of the identities of individual Frizzled-LRP combinations mediating the effects of specific WNT factors. Additionally, several secreted modulators of WNT signaling have been identified, including at least three members of the Dickkopf family. WNT7A is a WNT family member expressed in the vertebrate central nervous system capable of modulating aspects of neuronal plasticity. Gene knock-out models in the mouse have revealed that WNT7A plays a role in cerebellar maturation, although its function in the development of distal limb structures and of the reproductive tract have been more intensely studied. To identify a receptor complex for this WNT family member, we have analyzed the response of the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 to WNT7A. We find that PC12 cells are capable of responding to WNT7A as measured by increased beta-catenin stability and activation of a T-cell factor-based luciferase reporter construct and that these cells express three members of the Frizzled family (Frizzled-2, -5, and -7) and LRP6. Our functional analysis indicates that WNT7A can specifically act via a Frizzled-5.LRP6 receptor complex in PC12 cells and that this activity can be antagonized by Dickkopf-1 and Dickkopf-3