Description of the Spanish Pelagic Fishery of Oceanic Redfish (Sebastes mentella Travin) in the North Atlantic (2000-2004)

The period analyzed in this paper is 2000-2004. Data from the Spanish commercial fishery (hauls, positions, CPUE and length distributions) were recorded on board by scientific observers of the national sampling network. The effort data come from the Fisheries National Administration (SGPM). The Spanish pelagic redfish fishery in ICES areas XII and XIV and in the NAFO Div. 1F and 2J showed a significant seasonal pattern in terms of its geographical and depth distribution. The fishing season occurs mainly during the 2nd and 3rd quarter of every year. In the second quarter the fleet works in area XIV, between the Greenland and Iceland EEZs, in depths deeper than 500 m capturing fish of great size. Proportion of females in the catches is greater than the males. The catches length distributions present two modes that move along the time. In third quarter the fleet moves toward the south west to ICES Division XII and NAFO Div. 1F and 2J and depth of hauls is less than 500 m. The length distributions of the catches are smaller than those of the second quarter and show only one mode rather stable in time. Proportion of the males in the catches is bigger than the females. The yields in these Divisions are smaller than in Division XIV. The fishery in NAFO area 1F and 2J is quite similar to that one carry out in ICES Division XII, particularly in the characteristics of the hauls (depth, season) and in the catches (distributions of sizes, sex ratio, etc)

Analysis of the Spanish Catches of White Hake (Urophycis tenuis) in NAFO Regulatory Area, 2000-2003

The Spanish fleet that operates in NAFO Regulatory Area has captured white hake in a regular way during the last years. Before 2002, the level of catches of this species has not been very high (300 tons per year) and these catches were part of the by-catch of the different fisheries that Spanish fleet carries out in NAFO Area (Greenland halibut, skates, redfish). Catches have been increased substantially in the last two years, being captured in the year 2003 more than 1 800 tons. The Spanish fishery directed to white hake began in the year 2002 and it is developed mainly in the Div. 3O among the depths 200-500 meters. The biggest catches are carried out during the third quarter, and more than 80% of the catches, in abundance and biomass, are mature

Multimedia distribuido

Los requisitos básicos del futuro MM distribuido -ancho de banda,velocidad, flexibilidad e interactividad- necesitan el desarrollo de tecnologías como la fibra óptica, JDS (Jerarquía Digital Síncrona) y ATM (Modo de Transferencia Asíncrona)

La cadena multimedia

Son cada vez más los usuarios que disponen de un ordenador multimedia. Sin embargo, el futuro presenta un panorama mucho más amplio a esta tecnología. Tres serán los sectores que contribuirán a que el mundo multimedia alcance su pleno desarrollo

Multimedia informático

Desde luego que son muchos y muy variados, puesto que también lo son los aspectos que dicha tecnología debe cubrir. Para no olvidar ninguno vamos a seguir en nuestra exposición el mismo camino que seguiría una señal que evolucionase a través de un sistema multimedia. Este camino se soporta sobre dispositivos semiconductores, tales como procesadores digitales de señal, controladores gráficos y otros circuitos especializado

The Spanish Fishery (1998, 2000-2002) and the Spanish 3NO Survey (1995-2002) in Relation to the Skate Fishery in NAFO Divisions 3NO.

This paper analyses the data of the Spanish fishery (1998, 2000-2002) and the Spanish 3NO Survey (1995-2002) in relation to the Skate fishery in NAFO Div. 3NO. According to the distribution pattern of the fishing effort in 1998, 2000, 2001 and 2002, it may be concluded that the majority of the effort were performed in shallow waters of less than 100 m. and in the second half of the year. The species composition of catches show that thorny skate is the target specie and American plaice is the main bycatch species Other less important species in the by-catch are yellowtail flounder, witch flounder and cod. The percentage of SSB in the catches for yellowtail flounder is quite high and constant. For skate the values shows a increasing trend in biomass and abundance. For American plaice the values are very stables in all years excepting the last year where the percentage of abundance was rather low. Survey data shows that almost the 100% of the biomass and abundance of Yellowtail flounder was found in the stratum 0-91 m. For American plaice the percentage in the last years is more than 70%. For skate the values are very variable between years. Most of biomass and abundance of Witch flounder are outside of this stratum

Role of the extended lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer surgery: experience

Although curative resection is the treatment of choice for gastric cancer, controversy exists about the adequate extent of lymph node dissection when resection is performed. METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 85 patients who underwent a limited lymphadenectomy (D1) and 71 who had an extended lymph node dissection (D2) in a single institution between 1990 and 1998 (median follow-up, 37.3 months). Prognostic factors were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: We found no significant difference in the length of hospital stay (median, 12.1 and 13.1 days), overall morbidity (48.2% and 53.5%), or operative mortality (2.3% and 0%) between D1 and D2, respectively. Five-year survival in the D2 group was longer (50.6%) than in the D1 group (41.4%) for tumor stages (tumor-node-metastasis) >I. In multivariate analysis, tumor-node-metastasis stage (hazard ratio for stages >I vs. 0-I, 11.6), the ratio between invaded and removed lymph nodes, the presence of distant metastases, Lauren classification, and the extent of lymphadenectomy (hazard ratio for D1 vs. D2, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-4.30) were the only significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience shows that extended (D2) lymph node dissection improves survival in patients with resected gastric cancer

COPEPODS OR ROTIFERS? EVALUATING THE USE OF DIFFERENT FEEDING PROTOCOLS FOR LARVAE OF ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA (Thunnus thynnus. L)

There are still many issues that require to be solved in larval rearing of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus; ABT) to prevent “mass-mortality” during this developmental stage. Initial data related to the feeding sequence of ABT larvae suggested that mortality observed during the first stages of life could be due partly to nutritional deficiencies. Previous studies demonstrated that copepods appeared to be a superior live prey compared to rotifers during the first two weeks of life. Our overarching aim was to evaluate different feeding strategies during first feeding of ABT larvae from a performance, compositional and molecular perspective. In order to do so, two groups of ABT larvae were fed with either copepod (Acartia tonsa; C) nauplii or rotifers (Brachionus rotundiformis; R) enriched with Algamac 3050® from mouth opening to 13 days after hatching (dah). After this, the group C-larvae was fed either Artemia enriched with Algamac 3050® (CA), Acartia nauplii and copepodites (CC) or sea bream (Sparus aurata) yolk-sac larvae (CY), while the R group passed on to being fed on Artermia enriched with Algamac 3050® (RA) up to 18 dah. After 13 dah, larvae fed C grew more than those fed R although there were no differences in survival. ABT larvae fed R accumulated highest eicosapentaenoate (EPA) but lowest docosahexaenoate (DHA) and total n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) than C-fed larvae, reflecting dietary contents. Indeed, there was no activation in the expression of the enzymes involved in LC-PUFA biosynthesis. However, the different live prey elicited regulation of transcription factor, digestive enzyme, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress genes. At 18 dah larvae fed CY and CA were the largest size with larvae fed RA displaying the lowest growth with no differences in survival among the dietary treatments. The highest DHA contents were found in ABT larvae fed CC and CY, whereas the lowest contents were found in RA-fed larvae. Indeed, RA-fed larvae showed the highest level of the intermediate product n-3 docosapentaenoate, which could be reflecting up-regulation in the biosynthetic pathway although this was not supported by gene expression data

Comparison Between Two Warm Ischemic Models in Experimental Liver Transplantation in Pigs

Experimental models of warm ischemia in liver transplantation have been employed to study the mechanisms and treatment of ischemia reperfusion injury. METHODS: We compared a control group without (group A, n = 10) versus two models of warm ischemia of liver transplants in pigs: namely, occlusion of the hepatic artery and portal vein for 30 minutes (group B, n = 23) and extraction of the liver 60 minutes after cardiac arrest (group C, n = 5). Liver function tests, coagulation studies, and liver biopsies were performed during the first 24 hours post-liver transplant. RESULTS: Clamping of the hepatic vasculature in group B produced a significant liver injury compared with the control group: elevation of the ALT and an abnormal 1-hour post-revascularization biopsy similar to that observed in the cardiac arrest group C. The transaminase levels were lower among group A animals (P <.05). But the hepatic synthetic functions as reflected in the protrombin time (PT) were not affected in group B versus group A. The alteration in PT with respect to the initial value was similar among group A and group B animals, which were significantly less than that in group C (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Occlusion of the hepatic artery and portal vein, a simple surgical maneuver, causes moderate damage to a liver graft but less alteration of hepatic synthetic function. Clamping of the hepatic vasculture obtains more long-term survivors after OLT than cardiac arrest