Стратегічне планування як основний інструмент ефективності підприємства

Наук. кер.: А.Ю. Жулавськи

Perspectives offertes par l'imagerie hyperspectrale proche infrarouge dans l'étude de systèmes racinaires de légumineuses

Cet article synthétise les résultats de plusieurs études menées sur des systèmes racinaires de pois protéagineux en utilisant les données fournies par l'imagerie hyperspectrale proche infrarouge, une technique d'analyse combinant l'imagerie et la spectroscopie vibrationnelle. Dans un premier cas d'étude, cette méthode d'analyse a permis de quantifier la masse de racines de pois protéagineux au sein d'échantillons de racines prélevés sous des cultures en association de pois protéagineux et de froment d'hiver. Dans un second cas d'étude, cette méthode d'analyse a permis de quantifier la leghémoglobine au sein de nodosités individuelles de pois. La concentration de cette molécule est liée à l'activité de fixation d'azote des nodosités et sert dès lors d'indicateur pour mesurer cette activité. Sur base des résultats de ces études, cet article propose aussi des pistes de réflexion et de développement en lien avec l'imagerie hyperspectrale dans l'étude des systèmes racinaires de légumineuses. Il vise également à démontrer dans quelle mesure cette technique d'analyse constitue un outil de mesure intéressant dans l'étude des systèmes racinaires en général.This paper summarizes the results of several studies conducted on pea root systems using data provided by near infrared hyperspectral imaging, an analytical technique combining imaging and vibrational spectroscopy. In a first case study, this analytical method was used to quantify the mass of pea roots in root samples collected under pea-wheat intercropping. In a second case study, this analytical method was used to quantify leghaemoglobin in individual pea nodules. The concentration of this molecule is related to the nitrogen fixation activity of nodules and is therefore used as indicator to measure this activity. On the basis of the results of these studies, this article proposes ways of reflection and development related to hyperspectral imaging in the study of legume root systems and aims demonstrating to what extent this analytical technique constitutes an interesting measurement tool in the study of other root systems

Faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to assess diet quality in tropical and temperate grassland

Faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to assess diet quality in tropical and temperate grassland. 64. Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP

A method for non-destructive determination of cocoa bean fermentation levels based on Terahertz hyperspectral imaging

Fermentation of cocoa is a key process to obtain aromatic chocolate products from raw cocoa beans. Hitherto, the levels of fermentation in cocoa are determined using destructive techniques, for example by a cut-test to manually observe the colour inside the beans, or by quantifying ammonia nitrogen (NH3) in the cocoa powder. In this paper, we present the use of Terahertz hyperspectral imaging as a new way to non-destructively analyse and detect fermented cocoa beans. The study analysed two sets of twenty-two cocoa bean samples with different levels of fermentation from two producers in Brazil. A correlation between fermentation conditions and the outcome results of their THz measurements was observe

Development of Fourier transform mid-infrared calibrations to predict acetone, β-hydroxybutyrate, and citrate contents in bovine milk through a European dairy network

To manage negative energy balance and ketosis in dairy farms, rapid and cost-effective detection is needed. Among the milk biomarkers that could be useful for this purpose, acetone and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) have been proved as molecules of interest regarding ketosis and citrate was recently identified as an early indicator of negative energy balance. Because Fourier transform mid-infrared spectrometry can provide rapid and cost-effective predictions of milk composition, the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of this technology to predict these biomarkers in milk. Milk samples were collected in commercial and experimental farms in Luxembourg, France, and Germany. Acetone, BHB, and citrate contents were determined by flow injection analysis. Milk mid-infrared spectra were recorded and standardized for all samples. After edits, a total of 548 samples were used in the calibration and validation data sets for acetone, 558 for BHB, and 506 for citrate. Acetone content ranged from 0.020 to 3.355 mmol/L with an average of 0.103 mmol/L; BHB content ranged from 0.045 to 1.596 mmol/L with an average of 0.215 mmol/L; and citrate content ranged from 3.88 to 16.12 mmol/L with an average of 9.04 mmol/L. Acetone and BHB contents were log-transformed and a part of the samples with low values was randomly excluded to approach a normal distribution. The 3 edited data sets were then randomly divided into a calibration data set (3/4 of the samples) and a validation data set (1/4 of the samples). Prediction equations were developed using partial least square regression. The coefficient of determination (R2) of cross-validation was 0.73 for acetone, 0.71 for BHB, and 0.90 for citrate with root mean square error of 0.248, 0.109, and 0.70 mmol/L, respectively. Finally, the external validation was performed and R2 obtained were 0.67 for acetone, 0.63 for BHB, and 0.86 for citrate, with respective root mean square error of validation of 0.196, 0.083, and 0.76 mmol/L. Although the practical usefulness of the equations developed should be further verified with other field data, results from this study demonstrated the potential of Fourier transform mid-infrared spectrometry to predict citrate content with good accuracy and to supply indicative contents of BHB and acetone in milk, thereby providing rapid and cost-effective tools to manage ketosis and negative energy balance in dairy farms.OptiMIR, COMPOMIL