Benchmarking atomic data for astrophysics : Si III

We investigate the main spectral diagnostics for Si iii UV lines, which have been previously used to measure electron densities, temperatures, and to suggest that non-Maxwellian electron distributions might be present in the low transition region of the solar atmosphere. Previous atomic calculations and observations are reviewed. We benchmark the observations using a new large-scale R-matrix scattering calculation for electron collisional excitation of Si iii, carried out with the intermediate-coupling frame transformation (ICFT) method. We find generally good agreement between predicted and observed line intensities, if one takes into account the different temperature sensitivity of the lines, and the structure of the solar transition region. We find no conclusive evidence for the presence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions

Importance of the completeness of the configuration interaction and close coupling expansions in R-matrix calculations for highly-charged ions : electron-impact excitation of Fe20+

We have carried-out two intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) R-matrix calculations for the electron-impact excitation of C-like Fe20+, both of which use the same expansions for their configuration interaction (CI) and close-coupling (CC) representations. The first expansion arises from the configurations 2s2 2p2, 2s 2p3, 2p4, {2s2 2p, 2s 2p2, 2p3} nl, with n = 3, 4, for l = 0−3, which give rise to 564 CI/CC levels. The second adds configurations 2s2 2p 5l, for l = 0 − 2, which give rise to 590 CI/CC levels in total. Comparison of oscillator strengths and effective collision strengths from these two calculations demonstrates the lack of convergence in data for n = 4 from the smaller one. Comparison of results for the 564 CI/CC level calculation with an earlier ICFT R-matrix calculation which used the exact same CI expansion but truncated the CC expansion to only 200 levels demonstrates the lack of convergence of the earlier data, particularly for n = 3 levels. Also, we find that the results of our 590 CC R-matrix calculation are significantly and systematically larger than those of an earlier comparable Distorted Wave-plus-resonances calculation. Thus, it is important still to take note of the (lack of) convergence in both atomic structural and collisional data, even in such a highly-charged ion as Fe20+, and to treat resonances non- perturbatively. This is of particular importance for Fe ions given their importance in the spectroscopic diagnostic modelling of astrophysical plasmas

Uncertainties on atomic data. A case study: N IV

We consider three recent large-scale calculations for the radiative and electron-impact excitation data of N IV, carried out with different methods and codes. The scattering calculations employed the relativistic Dirac $R$-matrix (DARC) method, the intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) $R$-matrix method, and the B-spline $R$-matrix (BSR) method. These are all large-scale scattering calculations with well-tested and sophisticated codes, which use the same set of target states. One concern raised in previous literature is related to the increasingly large discrepancies in the effective collision strengths between the three sets of calculations for increasingly weak and/or high-lying transitions. We have built three model ions and calculated the intensities of all the main spectral lines in this ion. We have found that, despite such large differences, excellent agreement (to within $\pm$~20\%) exists between all the spectroscopically-relevant line intensities. This provides confidence in the reliability of the calculations for plasma diagnostics. We have used the differences in the radiative and excitation rates amongst the three sets of calculations to obtain a measure of the uncertainty in each rate. Using a Monte Carlo approach, we have shown how these uncertainties affect the main theoretical ratios which are used to measure electron densities and temperatures.Comment: Accepted for publicatio

On the validity of the ICFT R-matrix method : Fe xiv

Recently, Aggarwal & Keenan published a Dirac R-matrix (darc) calculation for the electron-impact excitation of Fe xiv. A 136-level configuration-interaction/close-coupling (CI/CC) expansion was adopted. Comparisons with earlier calculations, obtained by Liang et al. with the intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) R-matrix method, showed significant discrepancies. One of the main differences was that the Liang et al. effective collision strengths were consistently larger. Aggarwal & Keenan suggested various possible causes for the differences. We discuss them in detail here. We have carried out an ICFT R-matrix calculation with the same 136-level CI/CC expansion adopted by Aggarwal & Keenan, and compared the results with theirs and with those of Liang et al., which employed a much larger CI/CC expansion. We find that the main differences arise because of the different CC and CI expansions, and not because of the use of the ICFT method, as suggested by Aggarwal & Keenan. The significant increase in the effective collision strengths obtained by Liang et al. is mainly due to the extra resonances that are present because of the larger target expansion

New Light Shed on Charge Transfer in Fundamental H^+ + H_2 Collisions

There is no consensus on the magnitude and shape of the charge transfer cross section in low-energy H^+ + H_2 collisions, in spite of the fundamental importance of these collisions. Experiments have thus been carried out in the energy range 15 ≤ E ≤ 5000 eV. The measurements invalidate previous recommended data for E ≤ 200 eV and confirm the existence of a local maximum around 45 eV, which was predicted theoretically. Additionally, vibrationally resolved cross sections allow us to investigate the evolution of the underlying charge transfer mechanism as a function of E