Bienestar psicológico y desempeño laboral en colaboradores de Calls Centers en Lima Metropolitana 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la correlación entre bienestar psicológico y desempeño laboral en colaboradores de Calls Centers en Lima Metropolitana 2022. Para ello se conformo una muestra de 250 sujetos, de ambos sexos y con edades que van entre los 18 a 40 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron; la escala de bienestar psicológico (Ryff y Keyes,1995) adapta en Perú por Cueva (2019) y el cuestionario de desempeño laboral de procedencia peruana por Zerpa (2014). Respecto a la metodología utilizada fue de tipo básica, de nivel descriptiva correlacional, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de enfoque cuantitativo. En los resultados se aceptó la hipótesis propuesta, confirmando la existencia de una correlación positiva considerable y estadísticamente significativa (rs = 0.58; p = < .001). Asimismo, se estableció un tamaño del efecto grande (r = 0.34). De lo cual, finalmente se interpreta que, a mayor bienestar psicológico, mayor es el desempeño laboral en los colaboradores de Calls Centers en Lima Metropolitana 2022

Adipocyte ACLY Facilitates Dietary Carbohydrate Handling to Maintain Metabolic Homeostasis in Females

Sugars and refined carbohydrates are major components of the modern diet. ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is upregulated in adipocytes in response to carbohydrate consumption and generates acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) for both lipid synthesis and acetylation reactions. Here, we investigate the role of ACLY in the metabolic and transcriptional responses to carbohydrates in adipocytes and unexpectedly uncover a sexually dimorphic function in maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis. When fed a high-sucrose diet, Acly(FAT-/-) females exhibit a lipodystrophy-like phenotype, with minimal fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and hepatic lipid accumulation, whereas Acly(FAT-/-) males have only mild metabolic phenotypes. We find that ACLY is crucial for nutrient-dependent carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) activation in adipocytes and plays a key role, particularly in females, in the storage of newly synthesized fatty acids in adipose tissue. The data indicate that adipocyte ACLY is important in females for the systemic handling of dietary carbohydrates and for the preservation of metabolic homeostasis

The Effects of a High-Fat Diet on Mammary Gland Biology in a Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is still the leading cause of death for women in the US. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has been correlated with obesity in both pre and post-menopausal women, makes up only 10-20% of breast cancer cases but offers a poorer prognosis and lack of response to treatment. Diets high in fat plays a large role in the increase in obesity we therefore hypothesize that diets high in fat play a role in tumor development and progression due to changes in mammary gland microenvironment. More specifically, we hypothesize that changes in mammary adipose tissue (MAT) result in different more pro-tumorigenic secreted factors being released from the MAT and negatively affect the adjacent epithelial cells. HF feeding resulted in minimal changes in body weight but did increase fasting blood glucose as expected, pointing to the mice having become insulin resistant. MRI images of the inguinal mammary glands of mice fed HFD, additionally showed denser parenchyma compared to control-fed counterparts. H&E staining of the inguinal mammary glands demonstrated much higher adipocyte content and more active glands with HFD. Increases in secreted factors due to HFD, such as pentraxin 3, IL-6, and LPA, which have all been associated with poorer prognosis in TNBC, make the mammary microenvironment more invasive as which saw with the increase in poorly differentiated tumors with HF feeding at 20-21 weeks. These data suggest that the changes to the mammary adipose tissue due to high animal fat consumption not only leads to a more carcinogenic environment but also results in poorly-differentiated and higher grade tumors. This suggests that diets low in animal fat may be an effective treatment for TNBC but that inhibiting proteins pentraxin 3, like may also be an effective treatment for TNBC

Diseño de un sistema de control de gestión de calidad basado en la norma ISO 9001:2000 y sistema haccp en una empresa agroindustrial de Guayaquil año 2007

En la actualidad la seguridad e inocuidad alimentaria es uno de los factores indispensables para el consumo de los alimentos y en especial de productos elaborados manualmente, es por esto que día a día las medidas de control son más exhaustivas y minuciosas en el ámbito alimenticio, para a su vez asegurar la inocuidad de los alimentos que se producen. Una herramienta de control para verificar la inocuidad en el ámbito alimenticio es el HACCP y en especial la implementación de un Sistema de Gestión de Calidad respaldado por la norma ISO 9001:2000, el diseño de un buen sistema de control de calidad permite que los procesos de elaboración de un producto, bien o servicio garanticen su seguridad no sólo en cuanto a higiene sino también en relación a la calidad del mismo. En los últimos años la calidad a nivel global a jugado un papel muy importe dentro de los mercados de comercialización, los cuales no sólo buscan un producto con un precio accesible sino que a su vez la calidad del mismo sea respaldada por un organismo de certificación internacional. Nuestro trabajo se enfocó en la evaluación de los procesos de gestión productiva de una empresa manufacturera de concentrados de frutas tropicales, para lo cual diseñamos un modelo de control de los mismos que nos permita asegurar que el sistema cumpla con todos los requerimientos detallados por la norma ISO 9001:2000 y dado a que se trata de una empresa alimentaria cerciorarnos de que este esté bajo los estándares de las El sigilo profesional de todo Auditor nos faculta a guardar la integridad de la información utilizada para el desarrollo de este trabajo, por ello somos responsables al utilizar información cercana a la realidad actual de la empresa

Regulation of the Histone Demethylase JMJD1A by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Enhances Hypoxic Gene Expression and Tumor Growth▿ †

The hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) directly and indirectly mediate cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen tensions. Recent studies have shown that the histone demethylase genes JMJD1A, JMJD2B, and JARID1B are HIF targets, suggesting that HIFs indirectly influence gene expression at the level of histone methylation under hypoxia. In this study, we identify a subset of hypoxia-inducible genes that are dependent on JMJD1A in both renal cell and colon carcinoma cell lines. JMJD1A regulates the expression of adrenomedullin (ADM) and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) under hypoxia by decreasing promoter histone methylation. In addition, we demonstrate that loss of JMJD1A is sufficient to reduce tumor growth in vivo, demonstrating that histone demethylation plays a significant role in modulating growth within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, hypoxic regulation of JMJD1A acts as a signal amplifier to facilitate hypoxic gene expression, ultimately enhancing tumor growth

Metabolically Activated Adipose Tissue Macrophages Perform Detrimental and Beneficial Functions during Diet-Induced Obesity

During obesity, adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) adopt a metabolically activated (MMe) phenotype. However, the functions of MMe macrophages are poorly understood. Here, we combine proteomic and functional methods to demonstrate that, in addition to potentiating inflammation, MMe macrophages promote dead adipocyte clearance through lysosomal exocytosis. We identify NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) as a driver of the inflammatory and adipocyte-clearing properties of MMe macrophages and show that, compared to wild-type, Nox2−/− mice exhibit a time-dependent metabolic phenotype during diet-induced obesity. After 8 weeks of high-fat feeding, Nox2−/− mice exhibit attenuated ATM inflammation and mildly improved glucose tolerance. After 16 weeks of high-fat feeding, Nox2−/− mice develop severe insulin resistance, hepatosteatosis, and visceral lipoatrophy characterized by dead adipocyte accumulation and defective ATM lysosomal exocytosis, a phenotype reproduced in myeloid cell-specific Nox2−/− mice. Collectively, our findings suggest that MMe macrophages perform detrimental and beneficial functions whose contribution to metabolic phenotypes during obesity is determined by disease progression

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy detects differential lipid composition in mammary glands on low fat, high animal fat versus high fructose diets.

The effects of consumption of different diets on the fatty acid composition in the mammary glands of SV40 T-antigen (Tag) transgenic mice, a well-established model of human triple-negative breast cancer, were investigated with magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging. Female C3(1) SV40 Tag transgenic mice (n = 12) were divided into three groups at 4 weeks of age: low fat diet (LFD), high animal fat diet (HAFD), and high fructose diet (HFruD). MRI scans of mammary glands were acquired with a 9.4 T scanner after 8 weeks on the diet. 1H spectra were acquired using point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) from two 1 mm3 boxes on each side of inguinal mammary gland with no cancers, lymph nodes, or lymph ducts. High spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) images were also acquired from nine 1-mm slices. A combination of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions was used to fit the spectra. The percentages of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were calculated from each fitted spectrum. Water and fat peak height images (maps) were generated from HiSS data. The results showed that HAFD mice had significantly lower PUFA than both LFD (p < 0.001) and HFruD (p < 0.01) mice. The mammary lipid quantity calculated from 1H spectra was much larger in HAFD mice than in LFD (p = 0.03) but similar to HFruD mice (p = 0.10). The average fat signal intensity over the mammary glands calculated from HiSS fat maps was ~60% higher in HAFD mice than in LFD (p = 0.04) mice. The mean or median of calculated parameters for the HFruD mice were between those for LFD and HAFD mice. Therefore, PRESS spectroscopy and HiSS MRI demonstrated water and fat composition changes in mammary glands due to a Western diet, which was low in potassium, high in sodium, animal fat, and simple carbohydrates. Measurements of PUFA with MRI could be used to evaluate cancer risk, improve cancer detection and diagnosis, and guide preventative therapy

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy detects differential lipid composition in mammary glands on low fat, high animal fat versus high fructose diets

The effects of consumption of different diets on the fatty acid composition in the mammary glands of SV40 T-antigen (Tag) transgenic mice, a well-established model of human triple-negative breast cancer, were investigated with magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging. Female C3(1) SV40 Tag transgenic mice (n = 12) were divided into three groups at 4 weeks of age: low fat diet (LFD), high animal fat diet (HAFD), and high fructose diet (HFruD). MRI scans of mammary glands were acquired with a 9.4 T scanner after 8 weeks on the diet. 1H spectra were acquired using point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) from two 1 mm3 boxes on each side of inguinal mammary gland with no cancers, lymph nodes, or lymph ducts. High spectral and spatial resolution (HiSS) images were also acquired from nine 1-mm slices. A combination of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions was used to fit the spectra. The percentages of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were calculated from each fitted spectrum. Water and fat peak height images (maps) were generated from HiSS data. The results showed that HAFD mice had significantly lower PUFA than both LFD (p 1H spectra was much larger in HAFD mice than in LFD (p = 0.03) but similar to HFruD mice (p = 0.10). The average fat signal intensity over the mammary glands calculated from HiSS fat maps was ~60% higher in HAFD mice than in LFD (p = 0.04) mice. The mean or median of calculated parameters for the HFruD mice were between those for LFD and HAFD mice. Therefore, PRESS spectroscopy and HiSS MRI demonstrated water and fat composition changes in mammary glands due to a Western diet, which was low in potassium, high in sodium, animal fat, and simple carbohydrates. Measurements of PUFA with MRI could be used to evaluate cancer risk, improve cancer detection and diagnosis, and guide preventative therapy

Nuclear deadenylation/polyadenylation factors regulate 3′ processing in response to DNA damage

We previously showed that mRNA 3′ end cleavage reaction in cell extracts is strongly but transiently inhibited under DNA-damaging conditions. The cleavage stimulation factor-50 (CstF-50) has a role in this response, providing a link between transcription-coupled RNA processing and DNA repair. In this study, we show that CstF-50 interacts with nuclear poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) using in vitro and in extracts of UV-exposed cells. The CstF-50/PARN complex formation has a role in the inhibition of 3′ cleavage and activation of deadenylation upon DNA damage. Extending these results, we found that the tumour suppressor BARD1, which is involved in the UV-induced inhibition of 3′ cleavage, strongly activates deadenylation by PARN in the presence of CstF-50, and that CstF-50/BARD1 can revert the cap-binding protein-80 (CBP80)-mediated inhibition of PARN activity. We also provide evidence that PARN along with the CstF/BARD1 complex participates in the regulation of endogenous transcripts under DNA-damaging conditions. We speculate that the interplay between polyadenylation, deadenylation and tumour-suppressor factors might prevent the expression of prematurely terminated messengers, contributing to control of gene expression under different cellular conditions

Dietary fructose feeds hepatic lipogenesis via microbiota-derived acetate.

Consumption of fructose has risen markedly in recent decades owing to the use of sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup in beverages and processed foods1, and this has contributed to increasing rates of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2-4. Fructose intake triggers de novo lipogenesis in the liver4-6, in which carbon precursors of acetyl-CoA are converted into fatty acids. The ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) enzyme cleaves cytosolic citrate to generate acetyl-CoA, and is upregulated after consumption of carbohydrates7. Clinical trials are currently pursuing the inhibition of ACLY as a treatment for metabolic diseases8. However, the route from dietary fructose to hepatic acetyl-CoA and lipids remains unknown. Here, using in vivo isotope tracing, we show that liver-specific deletion of Acly in mice is unable to suppress fructose-induced lipogenesis. Dietary fructose is converted to acetate by the gut microbiota9, and this supplies lipogenic acetyl-CoA independently of ACLY10. Depletion of the microbiota or silencing of hepatic ACSS2, which generates acetyl-CoA from acetate, potently suppresses the conversion of bolus fructose into hepatic acetyl-CoA and fatty acids. When fructose is consumed more gradually to facilitate its absorption in the small intestine, both citrate cleavage in hepatocytes and microorganism-derived acetate contribute to lipogenesis. By contrast, the lipogenic transcriptional program is activated in response to fructose in a manner that is independent of acetyl-CoA metabolism. These data reveal a two-pronged mechanism that regulates hepatic lipogenesis, in which fructolysis within hepatocytes provides a signal to promote the expression of lipogenic genes, and the generation of microbial acetate feeds lipogenic pools of acetyl-CoA