Una visión de los materiales en la escala "nano"

2 páginas.Breve biografía de Asunción Fernández, investigadora del Instituto de Ciencias Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS-CSIC).Peer reviewe

Construcción de ontologías legales con la metodología METHONTOLOGY y la herramienta WebODE

Este artículo describe cómo construir una ontología en el dominio legal utilizando la metodología y la plataforma de desarrollo de ontologías METHONTOLOGY y WebODE, respectivamente. Ambas han sido usadas ampliamente para desarrollar ontologías en diversos dominios. La ontología utilizada para ilustrar este artículo es una adaptación al ámbito legal español de una taxonomía de clases sobre entidades legales propuesta por Breuker

Searching for a Time Ontology for Semantic Web Applications

We present our experience on reusing time ontologies in Fund Finder, a semantic web application of the EU Esperonto project. On the one hand, we show a set of time ontologies implemented in different machine readable languages. Such ontologies are analyzed considering a series of features typical of time models (e.g., if they consider different granularities or different time zones). On the other hand, we present the specification of time modeling necessities for Fund Finder. Finally, we choose the ontology which fits best with the specifications

Magnetic Surfaces in Stationary Axisymmetric General Relativity

In this paper a new method is derived for constructing electromagnetic surface sources for stationary axisymmetric electrovac spacetimes endowed with non-smooth or even discontinuous Ernst potentials. This can be viewed as a generalization of some classical potential theory results, since lack of continuity of the potential is related to dipole density and lack of smoothness, to monopole density. In particular this approach is useful for constructing the dipole source for the magnetic field. This formalism involves solving a linear elliptic differential equation with boundary conditions at infinity. As an example, two different models of surface densities for the Kerr-Newman electrovac spacetime are derived.Comment: 15 page

Analysis and comparison of smart city initiatives

Complexity in cities is expected to become even higher in the short term, which implies the need to face new challenges. The Smart City (SC) model and its associate initiatives have become very popular for undertaking them but it is not often very clear what it really means. Starting with a previous classification of the initiatives developed under the SC model into two big categories, according to their approach to citizens, this paper aims to make a critical analysis of this model of city, and to propose the development of new initiatives for it based on Citizen-Centered Design methodologies. Living Labs, both as methodology and as organization, appear in this context as an interesting choice for developing initiatives with real citizen involvement along the entire design process, which it is expected to arise in later stages of research

Determinación de la estructura genética de las poblaciones silvestres españolas de Castanea sativa mediante isoenzimas

The genetic variability within and among 17 wild Spanish chestnut stands was examined by isozyme analysis, with the goals of describing their geographic structure and designing conservation and management strategies. Measures of genetic diversity such as allelic richness, heterozygosity, polymorphism, F-statistics, D-statistics, gene flow, clustering using Nei’s genetic distances and a method based on an Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm and the contributions of each stand to diversity and allelic richness were all used. Wild Spanish chestnut populations displayed heterogeneity of allele frequencies between them, high levels of genetic diversity and high differentiation (Fst = 0.15) compared with populations from other western European countries such as France and Italy. The two clustering methods allowed the identification of three clusters: a Mediterranean cluster, a northern Spanish cluster and the southern Galician cluster. The highest heterozygosity and allelic richness were found in the North, especially in the southern Galician cluster. Several areas can be recommended for inclusion in the network of Conservation Units: Fraga de Catasós, representing the southern Galician cluster; Fragas do Eume, representing the northern Spanish cluster; and Hervás or El Tiemblo, representing the Mediterranean cluster.La variabilidad genética entre y dentro de 17 rodales de castaño silvestre muestreados en poblaciones españolas se examinó mediante el análisis de polimorfismos isoenzimáticos con la finalidad de describir la estructura geográfica y diseñar estrategias de conservación y manejo. Se calcularon la riqueza alélica, heterocigosidad, polimorfismo, la estadística F y D, el flujo genético y se realizaron análisis de agrupación de poblaciones utilizando la distancia genética de Nei y un método basado en el algoritmo Monte Carlo Markov Chain, y finalmente se calcularon las contribuciones de cada rodal a la diversidad y riqueza alélica. Las poblaciones silvestres de castaño españolas presentaron heterogeneidad de frecuencias alélicas entre ellas, elevados niveles de diversidad genética y de diferenciación (Fst = 0.15) comparadas con otras poblaciones del Oeste de Europa. Se identificaron tres grupos de poblaciones: el grupo Mediterráneo, el grupo del Norte y del Sur de Galicia. La mayor heterocigosidad y riqueza alélica está en el Norte, principalmente en el grupo del Sur de Galicia. Se recomiendan varias áreas para incluir en la red de Unidades de Conservación: Fraga de Catasós, en representación del grupo Sur de Galicia; las Fragas do Eume, representando el grupo del Norte; y Hervás o el Tiemblo en representación del grupo Mediterráneo

Myocardial trabeculation in embryos of Scyliorhinus canicula (Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyans)

Currently, three types of ventricular myoarchitecture are recognized in vertebrates, namely compact, spongy (trabeculated) and mixed myocardium. Mixed myocardium, which has been recently proposed as the primitive condition in gnathostomes, is composed of two myocardial layers: an inner trabeculated and an outer compact one. The trabeculation process has been studied in teleosts, showing exclusively spongy myocardium, and mammals and birds, characterized by a compact myocardial ventricular wall. In zebrafish, mouse and chicken embryos, the trabeculae develop as luminal myocardial ridges protruding into the lumen. In mammals and birds, further compactation of trabeculae leads to the formation of a compact layer. The potential mechanisms that may contribute to the formation of the ridges are under discussion and include myocardial proliferation, endocardial invagination, and bending of the entire myocardial layer. However, no description of the development of the mixed myocardium is available. To shed some light on this issue, we have studied the heart development of an elasmobranch species with mixed myocardium, the lesser spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula; Chondrichthyes), by means of histological and immunohistochemical techniques for light microscopy, semithin sections, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Our results suggest that in the dogfish the intertrabecular spaces develop by connections between early intramyocardial spaces and the lumen of the ventricle through invaginations of the endocardial line. Chondrichthyans are the earliest diverged lineage of gnathostomes and, consequently, they have the most primitive cardiac design. Although chicken, mouse, and recently zebrafish have been considered powerful vertebrate models to study heart development, we propose that the trabeculation process in the dogfish is representative of the early steps of the ventricular morphogenesis in vertebrates.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.Study supported by grant CGL2017-85090-P and CGL2014-52356-P (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad), FPU15/03209 (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte), FEDER, and Universidad de Málaga