10,303 research outputs found
Is the bulbus arteriosus of fish homologous to the mamalian intrapericardial thoracic arteries?
El resumen aparece en el Program & Abstracts of the 10th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology, Barcelona 2013.Anatomical Record, Volume 296, Special Feature — 1: P-089.Two major findings have significantly improved our understanding of the
embryology and evolution of the arterial pole of the vertebrate heart (APVH): 1) a
new embryonic presumptive cardiac tissue, named second heart field (SHF), forms
the myocardium of the outflow tract, and the walls of the ascending aorta (AA) and
the pulmonary trunk (PT) in mammals and birds; 2) the bulbus arteriosus (BA),
previously thought to be an actinopterygian apomorphy, is present in all basal
Vertebrates, and probably derives from the SHF. We hypothesized that the
intrapericardial portions of the AA and the PT of mammals are homologous to the
BA of basal vertebrates. To test this, we performed 1) a literature review of the
anatomy and embryology of the APVH; 2) novel anatomical, histomorphological,
and embryological analyses of the APVH, comparing basal (Galeus atlanticus), with
apical (Mus musculus and Mesocricetus auratus) vertrebrates. Evidence obtained:
1) Anatomically, BA, AA, and PT are muscular tubes into the pericardial cavity,
which connect the distal myocardial outflow tracts with the aortic arch system.
Coronary arteries run through or originate at these anatomical structures; 2)
Histologically, BA, AA, and PT show an inner layer of endothelium covered by
circumferentially oriented smooth muscle cells, collagen fibers, and lamellar
elastin. The histomorphological differences between the BA and the ventral aorta
parallel those between intrapericardial and extrapericardial great arteries; 3)
Embryologically, BA, AA, and PT are composed of smooth muscle cells derived
from the SHF. They show a similar mechanism of development: incorporation of
SHF‐derived cells into the pericardial cavity, and distal‐to‐proximal differentiation
into an elastogenic cell linage.
In conclusion, anatomical, histological and embryological evidence supports the
hypothesis that SHF is a developmental unit responsible for the formation of the
APVH. The BA and the intrapericardial portions of the great arteries must be
considered homologous structures.Proyecto P10-CTS-6068 (Junta de Andalucía); proyecto CGL-16417 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación); Fondos FEDER
Sons, Brothers and Relatives in the Entourages of the Roman Provincial Commanders during the Republic: A Characteristic Behaviour of the Roman Ruling Class
Durante la época de la República era una costumbre bien conocida que el cónsul o pretor destinado a una provincia se dotara de una serie de colaboradores y acompañantes que constituían la cohors o comitiva del imperator. Dicha comitiva solía componerse de personas vinculadas a los círculos sociales y particularmente familiares del mandatario en cuestión, siendo habitual encontrar en éstas a parientes, hermanos e incluso hijos de los mandos romanos. Aunque los autores clásicos no suelen conceder demasiada atención el papel que cumplían los hijos y parientes en el séquito de colaboradores de un mandatario provincial, su presencia habitual en estas comitivas indica que se trataba de un comportamiento característico y representativo de la clase política romana, cuyo interés no se hallaba sólo en contribuir a la promoción política y social de los implicados, sino en el hecho en sí de participar de unos hábitos distintivos y privativos de la nobilitas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Banking Stability and Shadow banking: New Overview for the United States
This paper analyses commercial banking and shadow banking, with the intention of understanding different channels of instability that can occur through both types of banking for the United States. The work is pioneering a comprehensive vision of shadow banking and its interrelation with commercial banking. The results of the work are designed to encourage reflection on possible mediums to promote the stability of shadow banking, through new risk indicators. Finally, these indicators are tested using machine learning techniques
The magazin Ressorgiment and the Catalan collectivity of Buenos Aires (1916-1946)
La revista Ressorgiment alcanzó la existencia más prolongada entre todas las
que crearon los emigrantes catalanes en el exterior. También fue una de las más
influyentes en los ambientes del nacionalismo catalán de América Latina, hasta su cierre
en 1972. En el artículo se analizan en primer lugar las razones que explican la aparición
de la revista en 1916 y su rápida difusión. A continuación se presenta el elenco de sus
principales colaboradores y anunciantes, en Buenos Aires y Barcelona. También se
consideran las relaciones de la revista con la colectividad catalana y española de la
Argentina y con los principales centros catalanistas de América, como La Habana,
Montevideo y Santiago de Chile. Un examen más detallado se dedica a las opiniones de
la revista respecto de Cataluña, de España y de las comunidades emigrantes. Por último,
el artículo se ocupa del impacto del exilio republicano sobre Ressorgiment.The magazine Ressorgiment reached the longest existence among all those
created by the Catalan emigrants abroad. It was also one of the most influential in the
environments of Catalan nationalism in Latin America, until its closure in 1972. The
article analyzes the reasons that explain the appearance of the magazine in 1916 and its
rapid diffusion. Then there is a brief presentation of its main collaborators and
advertisers, in Buenos Aires and Barcelona. The relations with the Catalan and Spanish
community of Argentina and with the main Catalanist centers of America, such as
Havana, Montevideo and Santiago de Chile, are also considered. A more detailed
examination is devoted to the opinions of the magazine regarding Catalonia, Spain and
the emigrant communities. Finally, the article deals with the impact of republican exile
on Ressorgiment
Recommender Systems for Learning
Un área de aplicación de los sistemas recomendadores es la educación. Se han utilizado para recomendar contenidos educativos, compañeros de estudio, trayectos de aprendizaje, actividades y para concebir sistemas educativos adaptativos. Hasta el lanzamiento de este libro, todo ese conocimiento se encontraba diseminado en artículos de revistas y conferencias. El objetivo de esta obra es introducir brevemente la problemática y discutir una amplia variedad de temas en los que actualmente se investiga y que deberán enfrentar quienes tengan como meta construir Sistemas Recomendadores para Aprender. Sus autores son expertos en la temática, han organizado múltiples conferencias especializadas en el tema y han escrito un gran número de artículos. Se trata de un libro corto, organizado en cuatro capítulos
Incidence and type of bicuspid aortic valve in two model species
Incidence and type of bicuspid aortic
valve in two model species.
MC Fernández 1,2, A López-García 1,2, MT Soto 1,
AC Durán 1,2 and B Fernández 1,2.
1 Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, Spain.
2 Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA),
University of Málaga, Spain.
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most frequent human congenital cardiac malformation, with an incidence of 1–2% worldwide. Two morphological types exist: type A (incidence 0.75–1.25%) and type B (incidence 0.25–0.5%), each with a distinct aetiology and natural history. Currently, ten animal models of BAV have been described in two different rodent species: one spontaneous Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) model of BAV type A and nine mutant laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) models of BAV type B. It remains to be elucidated whether the mutations leading to BAV in these models are typespecific or whether there are inter-specific differences regarding the type of BAV that hamsters, mice and humans may develop.
To solve this issue, we have characterized the incidence and types of BAVs in four inbred, two outbred and two hybrid lines of Syrian hamsters (n=4,340) and in three inbred, three outbred and one hybrid lines of laboratory mice (n=1,661) by means of stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we have reviewed and calculated the incidence and type of BAVs in the published papers dealing with this anomaly in mice.
Our results indicate that the Syrian hamster develops BAVs type A and B including a variety of morphologies comparable to those of humans, whereas the mouse develops only BAVs type B with a short spectrum of valve morphologies. Thus, inter-specific differences between human and mouse aortic valves must be taken into consideration when studying valve disease in murine models.
This work was supported by P10-CTS-6068.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. P10-CTS-6068
Resistance to the SDHI fungicides boscalid and fluopyram in Podosphaera xanthii from commercial cucurbit fields in Spain
Powdery mildew elicited by Podosphaera xanthii is a devastating disease of cucurbits worldwide and one of the most important diseases affecting these crops in Spain. Application of fungicides is the main control practice for managing P. xanthii; however, isolates resistant to multiple classes of site-specific fungicides have been recently reported in the Spanish cucurbit powdery mildew population. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) constitute a relatively novel class of fungicides registered for powdery mildew control representing new alternatives for cucurbit growers. In the present study, 30 P. xanthii isolates were used to determine the effective concentration that reduces mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) to boscalid and fluopyram. The present study was also conducted to obtain discriminatory doses to monitor SDHI fungicide resistance in 180 P. xanthii isolates collected from several commercial cucurbit fields in Spain during 2017-2018. Three SDHI resistance patterns were observed in our population, which include patterns I (resistance to boscalid), II (resistance to fluopyram), and III (resistance to boscalid and fluopyram). The amino acid changes associated with these resistance patterns in the Sdh protein were also examined. Based on our results, SDHI fungicides are good alternatives for cucurbit powdery mildew control, although they should be applied with caution.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec
Tunable directional emission and collective dissipation with quantum metasurfaces
Subwavelength atomic arrays, recently labeled as quantum metamaterials, have
emerged as an exciting platform for obtaining novel quantum optical phenomena.
The strong interference effects in these systems generate subradiant
excitations that propagate through the atomic array with very long lifetimes.
Here, we demonstrate that one can harness these excitations to obtain tunable
directional emission patterns and collective dissipative couplings when placing
judiciously additional atoms nearby the atomic array. For doing that, we first
characterize the optimal array geometry to obtain directional emission
patterns. Then, we characterize the best atomic positions to couple efficiently
to the subradiant metasurface excitations, and provide several improvement
strategies based on entangled atomic clusters or bilayers. Afterwards, we also
show how the directionality of the emission pattern can be controlled through
the relative dipole orientation between the auxiliary atoms and the one of the
array. Finally, we benchmark how these directional emission patterns translate
into to collective, anisotropic dissipative couplings between the auxiliary
atoms by studying the lifetime modification of atomic entangled states.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figure
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