Infección experimental por Toxoplasma gondii en el primer, segundo y último tercio de gestación en ovejas. Respuesta lesional y distribución del parásito

6 páginas.--Trabajo presentado al: XL Congreso Nacional y el XVI Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Ovinotecnia y Caprinotecnia. (Castellón de la Plana, España, 16-18 septiembre 2015).Peer Reviewe

Placental thrombosis in acute phase abortions during experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep

43 p.After oral administration of ewes during mid gestation with 2000 freshly prepared sporulated oocysts of T. gondii isolate M4, abortions occurred between days 7 and 11 in 91.6% of pregnant and infected ewes. Afterwards, a further infection was carried out at late gestation in another group of sheep with 500 sporulated oocysts. Abortions happened again between days 9 and 11 post infection (pi) in 58.3% of the infected ewes. Classically, abortions in natural and experimental ovine toxoplasmosis usually occur one month after infection. Few experimental studies have reported the so-called acute phase abortions as early as 7 to 14 days after oral inoculation of oocysts, and pyrexia was proposed to be responsible for abortion, although the underline mechanism was not elucidated. In the present study, all placentas analysed from ewes suffering acute phase abortions showed infarcts and thrombosis in the caruncullar villi of the placentomes and ischemic lesions (periventricular leukomalacia) in the brain of some foetuses. The parasite was identified by PCR in samples from some placentomes of only one sheep, and no antigen was detected by immunohistochemical labelling. These findings suggest that the vascular lesions found in the placenta, and the consequent hypoxic damage to the foetus, could be associated to the occurrence of acute phase abortions. Although the pathogenesis of these lesions remains to be determined, the infectious dose or virulence of the isolate may play a role in their developmentS

Experimental ovine toxoplasmosis: influence of the gestational stage on the clinical course, lesion development and parasite distribution

P. 1-14The relation between gestational age and foetal death risk in ovine toxoplasmosis is already known, but the mechanisms involved are not yet clear. In order to study how the stage of gestation influences these mechanisms, pregnant sheep of the same age and genetic background were orally dosed with 50 oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii (M4 isolate) at days 40 (G1), 90 (G2) and 120 (G3) of gestation. In each group, four animals were culled on the second, third and fourth week post infection (pi) in order to evaluate parasite load and distribution, and lesions in target organs. Ewes from G1 showed a longer period of hyperthermia than the other groups. Abortions occurred in all groups. While in G2 they were more frequent during the acute phase of the disease, in G3 they mainly occurred after day 20 pi. After challenge, parasite and lesions in the placentas and foetuses were detected from day 19 pi in G3 while in G2 or G1 they were only detected at day 26 pi. However, after initial detection at day 19 pi, parasite burden, measured through RT-PCR, in placenta or foetus of G3 did not increase significantly and, at in the third week pi it was lower than that measured in foetal liver or placenta from G1 to G3 respectively. These results show that the period of gestation clearly influences the parasite multiplication and development of lesions in the placenta and foetus and, as a consequence, the clinical course in ovine toxoplasmosis.S

III Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía: 2016-2020

Publicado en la página web de la Consejería de Salud: www.juntadeandalucia.es/salud Consejería de Salud / Ciudadanía / Quiénes Somos / Planes y Estrategias). Plan anterior: II Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía 2008-2012 (disponible en http://hdl.handle.net/10668/1348)YesEl III Plan Integral de Salud Mental se estructura en torno a cinco líneas estratégicas, orientadas a la consecución de 9 objetivos generales, para los que se han establecido 70 objetivos especí­ficos, 119 líneas de acción y 113 resultados esperados. Las diferentes propuestas se sustentan en un análisis exhaustivo de la situación de la salud mental en Andalucía, y en la experiencia y los resultados obtenidos en dos planes anteriores. Asimismo, se han tenido en cuenta el marco normativo y de planificación de la OMS, la Unión Europea, España y Andalucía, y las expectativas y necesidades expresadas por las personas con problemas de salud mental, sus familiares, los colectivos profesionales implicados y varias organizaciones que velan por los derechos de la ciudadanía. Para su elaboración se ha contado con las aportaciones de diversos grupos de trabajo, en los que han participado alrededor de 80 personas, tanto profesionales de los diversos ámbitos relacionados con la salud mental, como representantes de las asociaciones de personas usuarias y de familiares. Este Plan se basa en los principios y enfoques que han de regir la atención comunitaria, orientada a la recuperación de las personas con enfermedad mental, enriquecidos con aquellos que asumen los planes integrales de la Consejería de Salud y el SSPA en su conjunto. El Plan agrupa estos principios y enfoques en tres grandes pilares, que deben constituir la base de la orientación de los servicios: la evidencia, la experiencia y el pilar ético, elemento transversal que impregna a los otros dos

Occurrence of acute phase abortions in an experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in sheep

1 página.-- Trabajo presentado a: Apicomplexa: Apicomplexa parasites in farm animals (Kusadasi, Turquía, 31 octubre-2 noviembre, 2013).In order to study the pathogenesis of abortion due to ovine toxoplasmosis, an experimental infection of pregnant sheep at midgestation and weekly serial culling was designed. After inoculation of ewes with 2000 freshly prepared sporulated oocysts of T. gondii strain M4, unexpected abortions occurred between days 7 and 11 post infection in all pregnant and infected ewes. Unexpected abortions happened again between days 9 and 11 post infection in 58% of the infected ewes when they where orally infected at late gestation with 500 oocysts, while classical abortions in natural and experimental ovine toxoplasmosis usually occur one month after infection. Few experimental studies have reported the so-called acute phase abortions as early as twelve days after oral inoculation of oocysts. In those studies, the underline mechanism for abortion was not elucidated, although pyrexia was proposed to be the trigger for abortion. In the present study, body temperature curves or kinetics of serological antibodies shown by the aborting sheep were not different from those found in infected sheep not suffering acute phase abortion or reported in previous experiments. All studied placentas from ewes suffering acute phase abortions showed infarcts and thrombosis in the caruncullar villi of the placentomes and ischemic lesions (periventricular leukomalacia) in the brain of some fetuses. The parasite was not identified by PCR in samples from the foetus and only in placentomes. Furthermore, no antigen was detected by immunohistochemical labeling of any foetal or placental sample. Although not statistically significant, ewes suffering acute phase abortion showed an early production of peripheral IFNy when compared whith infected non-aborting ewes. These findings suggest that the vascular lesions found in the placenta, and the consequent hypoxic damaged to the foetus, could be associated to the occurrence of acute phase abortions and also that the relevance of T. gondii as cause of sheep abortion may be underestimated under routinely sampling and analysis.Work financed by the Research Project AGL2011-30205 - Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain.Peer Reviewe

Toxoplasma gondii experimental infection in pregnant sheep at early, mid and late gestation. Pathological response and parasite distribution

Trabajo presentado al: ApiCOWplexa 2015 3rd lnternational Meeting on Apicomplexan Parasites in Farm Animals. (Edinburgh, Escocia, Reino Unido, 30 junio-3 julio 2015).Peer Reviewe

Acute phase abortions in ovine toxoplasmosis. Lesional characterization and possible pathogenesis

6 páginas, 1 tabla.--Trabajo presentado a las XXXIX Congreso Nacional y XV Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Ovinotecnia y Caprinotecnia (SEOC), (Ourense, 17-19 de septiembre de 2014).[EN] The purpose of this study is to describe the occurrence of abortion between days 7 and 11 post infection in an experimental ovine toxoplasmosis infection. These abortions differ from classical toxoplasmosis, where abortions occur one month after infection. Furthermore, histological changes found in acute abortions, placental thrombosis and foetal leukomalacia foci, are different from those normally observed in ovine toxoplasmosis, suggesting differences in the pathogenetic mechanisms of the two presentations. At the time of abortion, the mothers were seronegative for T. gondii infection and the parasite was absent, or in low quantities, in placental and foetal samples, which would compromise the diagnosis of this condition in natural cases of infection.[ES] En este trabajo se describe la aparición de abortos entre los días 7 y 11 post infección durante una infección experimental de toxoplasmosis en ovejas gestantes. La aparición de estos abortos difiere de la presentación clásica de la toxoplasmosis ovina, donde éstos suelen ocurrir alrededor del mes post infección. De igual forma, las lesiones observadas en los abortos en la fase aguda (trombosis placentarias y focos de leucomalacia fetal), son diferentes de aquellas normalmente asociadas a la toxoplasmosis ovina, sugiriendo la implicación mecanismos patogé- nicos diferentes entres ambos procesos. En el momento de producirse el aborto, las madres eran seronegativas frente a Toxoplasma gondii y había ausencia, o escasa presencia, del parásito en muestras de placenta o fetales, lo que dificultaría el diagnostico de este proceso en casos naturales de infección.Proyectos AGL2011-30205, del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, y LE253U13, de la Junta de Castilla y León.Peer Reviewe

Placental thrombosis in acute phase abortions during experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep

International audienceAfter oral administration of ewes during mid gestation with 2000 freshly prepared sporulated oocysts of T. gondii isolate M4, abortions occurred between days 7 and 11 in 91.6% of pregnant and infected ewes. Afterwards, a further infection was carried out at late gestation in another group of sheep with 500 sporulated oocysts. Abortions happened again between days 9 and 11 post infection (pi) in 58.3% of the infected ewes. Classically, abortions in natural and experimental ovine toxoplasmosis usually occur one month after infection. Few experimental studies have reported the so-called acute phase abortions as early as 7 to 14 days after oral inoculation of oocysts, and pyrexia was proposed to be responsible for abortion, although the underline mechanism was not elucidated. In the present study, all placentas analysed from ewes suffering acute phase abortions showed infarcts and thrombosis in the caruncullar villi of the placentomes and ischemic lesions (periventricular leukomalacia) in the brain of some foetuses. The parasite was identified by PCR in samples from some placentomes of only one sheep, and no antigen was detected by immunohistochemical labelling. These findings suggest that the vascular lesions found in the placenta, and the consequent hypoxic damage to the foetus, could be associated to the occurrence of acute phase abortions. Although the pathogenesis of these lesions remains to be determined, the infectious dose or virulence of the isolate may play a role in their development

Porcieda

Este Proyecto plantea varios tipos de objetivos, a saber: objetivos educativos, objetivos del BUP, objetivos de la ESO, objetivos didácticos de la actividad y obetivos de formación y perfeccionamiento del profesorado. Los objetivos educativos consisten en: Obtener y seleccionar información utilizando las fuentes en las que habitualmente se encuentra disponible, tratarla de forma autónoma y crítica, con una finalidad previamente establecida y transmitirla a los demás de manera organizada e inteligible. Elaborar estrategias de identificación y solución de problemas. Formarse una imagen ajustada de si mismo, de sus características y posibilidades. Relacionarse con otras personas y participar en actividades de grupo con actitudes solidarias y tolerantes. Conocer las creencias, actitudes y valores que rigen el funcionamiento del medio físico. Conocer y valorar el desarrollo científico y tecnológico. Conocer y valorar el patrimonio cultural y contribuir activamente a su conservación y mejora. Las áreas que abarca el Proyecto son Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Ciencias Sociales, Educación Física, Educación Plástica y Visual, Lengua Española y Literatura, Matemáticas, Música y Tecnología. En este proyecto se va a hacer una aproximación a las costumbres y formas de vida del valle de Liébana (Cantabria) y en concreto al pueblo de Porcieda, en el que la emigración lo ha dejado sin gente.Gobierno de Cantabria. Consejería de Educación y JuventudCantabriaES

II Comprehensive Mental Health Plan For Andalusia 2008-2012 : Andalusian Public Health System

Este plan es la traducción del II Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía 2008-2012 publicado en la página web de la Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social: www.juntadeandalucia.es/salud (Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social / Ciudadanía / Quiénes somos / Planes y Estrategias)A Comprehensive Plan is a medium-term planning instrument. Its development alone does not guarantee the achievement of the goals laid out in it, but by defining the goals, establishing priorities and setting out courses of action and concrete activities it will allow for an overall vision of the objectives being aimed towards and the tasks that will need to be carried out. The first Comprehensive Mental Health Plan for Andalusia 2003-2007 (I PISMA, Plan Integral de Salud Mental de Andalucía) was developed using this approach. Nine courses of action were covered in this Plan, which over its duration lead to noticeable progress in various fields.The assessment of the I PISMA and the experience gained from its development have channelled into this second Comprehensive Mental Health Plan for Andalusia 2008-2012 (II PISMA). The main principles for this second Plan are quality improvements, equality and efficiency of health services, aimed at public awareness of mental health in the Andalusian population, prevention of the illnesses and improvements to the care of patients and their families.Ye