Sistema de presentación de antígenos basado en el virus de la sharka

Referencia OEPM: P9800623.-- Fecha de solicitud: 24/03/1998.-- Titulares: Inmunología y Genética Aplicada, S.A., Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).El sistema de presentación de antígenos heterólogos basado en el virus de la sharka (PPV) comprende una partícula de PPV quimérica formada por ensamblaje de la proteína de la cápsida (CP) de PPV modificada que contiene, al menos, un antígeno heterólogo en dicha CP modificada, estando dicho antígeno dispuesto en la superficie exterior de dicha partícula viral de PPV. Preferentemente, dicho antígeno heterólogo se encuentra en el extremo amino terminal de la CP modificada de PPV. En una realización concreta se describe la construcción de un sistema de presentación de un epítopo inmunológicamente activo derivado de la proteína VP2 del parvovirus canino (CPV). Estos sistemas de presentación de antígenos tienen utilidad en diagnóstico y vacunas.Peer reviewe

Enfermedades neurodegenerativas asociadas al envejecimiento

La charla tuvo lugar el día 20 de Diciembre en la sala del Club de Prensa de La Nueva España.Peer reviewe

Nuevas aproximaciones de microscopía 3D para el estudio de la arquitectura subcelular

Seminario impartido on-line el 24 de febrero de 2021.Peer reviewe

DNA recombinante derivado del virus de la sharka y vector de expresión de proteínas heterólogas basado en dicho DNA recombinante

Referencia OEPM: P9900698.-- Fecha de solicitud: 07/04/1999.-- Titular: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).DNA recombinante derivado del virus de la sharka y vector de expresión de proteínas heterólogas basado en dicho DNA recombinante (ver figura en archivo de texto adjunto). El DNA recombinante comprende un cDNA al genoma del virus de la sharka (PPV), de longitud completa, que contiene entre las secuencias codificantes de las proteínas Nib y CP: a) una secuencia ajena seleccionada entre (i) una secuencia de 18 nucleótidos que codifican a los 6 primeros aminoácidos de un heptapéptido de reconocimiento de la proteasa Nia de PPV, y (ii) una secuencia de 21 nucleótidos que codifica a un heptapéptido de reconocimiento de la proteasa Nia de PPV; b) una diana para una primera enzima de restricción; c) una secuencia espaciadora; y d) una diana para una segunda enzima de restricción. El vector comprende un DNA recombinante que contiene una secuencia ajena insertada entre las secuencias codificantes de las proteínas Nib y CP y es útil para expresar proteínas heterólogas en plantas.Peer reviewe

Network analysis as methodology to definitions concept: bibliography

Se parte de un trabajo en el que se han censado definiciones de Bibliografía y se han analizado cualitativamente; los resultados muestran los parámetros que contienen estas definiciones. Posteriormente se analizan estos resultados mediante el análisis estadístico y de redes, para lo que se utilizan los programas informáticos R y Ucinet. El análisis de la red estudia las conexiones, entendiendo como conexión cada vez que dos parámetros aparecen juntos en una definición. Los resultados llevan a concluir que se trata de una red simétrica, que aunque presenta agujeros estructurales no contiene subgrupos y por ello todos los parámetros son alcanzables. Finalmente se plantea este método como una herramienta muy útil a la hora de manejar conceptos a veces tan difíciles de definir como es el caso de Bibliografía.ABSTRACT: This job is based on an article in which definitions of Bibliography have been registered and have been analyzed qualitatively; the results show the parameters which these definitions contain. Following this, the results are studied by means of statistical and network analysis with the computer program R and Ucinet. The analysis of the network studies the connections between them, understanding as a connection, when the two parameters appear together in a definition. The results lead to the conclusion that it is a symmetrical network, which although presenting structural holes does not contain subgroups and for this reason all the parameters are reachable. Finally this method is proposed as a very useful tool when it comes to managing concepts, at times so difficult to define, as is the case with Bibliograph

Optical flow driven interpolation for isotropic FIB-SEM reconstructions

[Background and Objective]: Focused Ion Beam - Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) allows three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis of cells and tissues at the nanoscale. The technique iteratively removes a section of the sample with a FIB and takes an SEM image from the exposed surface. The section thickness is usually higher than the image pixel size to reduce acquisition time, thus resulting in anisotropic resolution. In this work, we explore novel interpolation methods along the sectioning direction to produce isotropic resolution and facilitate proper interpretation of the FIB-SEM 3D volumes.[Methods]: Classical interpolation methods are usually applied in this context under the assumption that the changes through successive images are relatively smooth. However, the actual 3D arrangement of the structures in the sample may cause significant changes in the biological features between consecutive images of the FIB-SEM stacks. We have developed a novel interpolation strategy that accounts for this variation by using the Optical Flow (OF) to estimate it. As an intermediate stage, OF-compensated images are produced by aligning the spatial regions of the biological structures. Interpolated images are then generated from these OF-compensated images. The final isotropic stack is assembled by interleaving the interpolated images with the original images of the anisotropic stack.[Results]: OF-driven and classical interpolation methods were compared using an objective assessment based on Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) and a qualitative evaluation based on visual results, using public datasets and representative anisotropy conditions. The objective assessment demonstrated that the OF-driven interpolation always yields higher PCC values, with interpolated images closer to the ground truth. The qualitative evaluation corroborated those results and confirmed that classical interpolation may blur areas with substantial changes between consecutive images whereas OF-driven interpolation provides sharpness.[Conclusions]: We have developed an OF-driven interpolation approach to generating FIB-SEM stacks with isotropic resolution from experimental anisotropic data. It adapts to the rapid variation of the biological structures observed through the images of the FIB-SEM stack. Our approach outperforms classical interpolation and manages to produce sharp interpolated views in cases where there are significant changes between consecutive experimental images.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/AEI (grants SAF2017-84565-R, RTI2018-095993-B-I00, PID2021-123278OB-I00, PID2021-123424OB-I00, TED2021-132020B-I00), by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC, grant 2020AEP029), by the European initiative Corbel (project id 2301), by the Junta de Andalucía (grants UAL18-TIC-A020020-B and P18-RT-1193) and by FEDER.Peer reviewe

PolishEM: image enhancement in FIB-SEM

[Summary]: We have developed a software tool to improve the image quality in focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy (FIB–SEM) stacks: PolishEM. Based on a Gaussian blur model, it automatically estimates and compensates for the blur affecting each individual image. It also includes correction for artifacts commonly arising in FIB–SEM (e.g. curtaining). PolishEM has been optimized for an efficient processing of huge FIB–SEM stacks on standard computers. [Availability and implementation]: PolishEM has been developed in C. GPL source code and binaries for Linux, OSX and Windows are available atThis work was supported by the AEI/FEDER, UE [Grant SAF2017-84565-R] and Fundación R. Areces

Scientific and technical news of 19th century retrieved from the Official Gazzete of the province of Badajoz (Spain): network analysis.

En este trabajo se recuperan y clasifican noticias científicas y técnicas del Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Badajoz (España), correspondientes al primer semestre del año 1880, con la Nomenclatura Internacional de la UNESCO1 para la Ciencia y la Tecnología, para su posterior automatización. Una vez clasificadas y contabilizadas las noticias, se tabulan los resultados y la representación matricial resultante se estudia mediante el análisis de redes, mostrando las tendencias de la Ciencia y la Tecnología en esta época, así como las relaciones entre las distintas áreas. En conclusión, podemos determinar que el análisis de la red de relaciones de las noticias científicas y técnicas es un método válido, dentro de las Ciencias Sociales, para el estudio de la información recuperada a través de las diferentes investigaciones historiográficas.ABSTRACT: In this paper we retrieve and classify scientific and technical news from the Official Gazette of the Province of Badajoz (Spain), of the first semester of 1880. We have classified them with the UNESCO International Nomenclature for Science and Technology. Once the news has been sorted and counted, we have tabulated the results and studied the resulting matrix using network analysis, to show the trends of Science and Technology at this time, and the relationships between different areas. In conclusion, we can state that the analysis of the network of scientific and technical information is a valid method to study the information retrieved through different historical researches

Biotechnological aspects of plum pox virus

Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), the causal agent of a devastating disease that affects stone fruit trees, is becoming a target of intense studies intended both to fight against viral infection and to develop practical applications based on the current knowledge of potyvirus molecular biology. This review focuses on biotechnological aspects related to PPV, such as novel diagnostic techniques that facilitate detection and typing of virus isolates, strategies to implement pathogen-derived resistance through plant transformation, the potential use of genetic elements derived from the virus, and the recent development of PPV-based expression vectors. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. | Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), the causal agent of a devastating disease that affects stone fruit trees, is becoming a target of intense studies intended both to fight against viral infection and to develop practical applications based on the current knowledge of potyvirus molecular biology. This review focuses on biotechnological aspects related to PPV, such as novel diagnostic techniques that facilitate detection and typing of virus isolates, strategies to implement pathogen-derived resistance through plant transformation, the potential use of genetic elements derived from the virus, and the recent development of PPV-based expression vectors.Research performed in our laboratories is supported by grants BIO98-0769 from CICYT, 06G/021/96 from Comunidad de Madrid, SC98-060 from INIA, 1802 from IVIA and BIO4-CT96-0304, BIO4-CT97-2300 and SMT4-CT98-2252 from the European Union.Peer Reviewe