19,321 research outputs found
Separation and fractionation of order and disorder in highly polydisperse systems
Microcanonical Monte Carlo simulations of a polydisperse soft-spheres model
for liquids and colloids have been performed for very large polydispersity, in
the region where a phase-separation is known to occur when the system (or part
of it) solidifies. By studying samples of different sizes, from N=256 to N=864,
we focus on the nature of the two distinct coexisting phases. Measurements of
crystalline order in particles of different size reveal that the solid phase
segregates between a crystalline solid with cubic symmetry and a disordered
phase. This phenomenon is termed fractionation.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Structure of the Vacuum in Deformed Supersymmetric Chiral Models
We analyze the vacuum structure of N=1/2 chiral supersymmetric theories in
deformed superspace. In particular we study O'Raifeartaigh models with
C-deformed superpotentials and canonical and non-canonical deformed Kahler
potentials. We find conditions under which the vacuum configurations are
affected by the deformations.Comment: 15 pages, minor corrections. Version to appear in JHE
Exploring two-spin internal linear combinations for the recovery of the CMB polarization
We present a methodology to recover cosmic microwave background (CMB)
polarization in which the quantity is linearly combined at
different frequencies using complex coefficients. This is the most general
linear combination of the and Stokes parameters which preserves the
physical coherence of the residual contribution on the CMB estimation. The
approach is applied to the internal linear combination (ILC) and the internal
template fitting (ITF) methodologies. The variance of of the resulting map
is minimized to compute the coefficients of the linear combination. One of the
key aspects of this procedure is that it serves to account for a global
frequency-dependent shift of the polarization phase. Although in the standard
case, in which no global E-B transference depending on frequency is expected in
the foreground components, minimizing is
similar to minimizing and separately (as previous methodologies proceed), multiplying
and by different coefficients induces arbitrary changes in the
polarization angle and it does not preserve the coherence between the spinorial
components. The approach is tested on simulations, obtaining a similar residual
level with respect to the one obtained with other implementations of the ILC,
and perceiving the polarization rotation of a toy model with the frequency
dependence of the Faraday rotation.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Roper Excitation in Alpha-Proton Scattering
We study the Roper excitation in the reaction. We consider
all processes which may be relevant in the Roper excitation region, namely,
Roper excitation in the target, Roper excitation in the projectile, and double
excitation processes. The theoretical investigation shows that the
Roper excitation in the proton target mediated by an isoscalar exchange is the
dominant mechanism in the process. We determine an effective isoscalar
interaction by means of which the experimental cross section is well
reproduced. This should be useful to make predictions in related reactions and
is a first step to construct eventually a microscopic
transition potential, for which the present reaction does not offer enough
information.Comment: Latex 17 pages; figures available by request; Phys. Rev. C in prin
Geometric Phases and Mielnik's Evolution Loops
The cyclic evolutions and associated geometric phases induced by
time-independent Hamiltonians are studied for the case when the evolution
operator becomes the identity (those processes are called {\it evolution
loops}). We make a detailed treatment of systems having equally-spaced energy
levels. Special emphasis is made on the potentials which have the same spectrum
as the harmonic oscillator potential (the generalized oscillator potentials)
and on their recently found coherent states.Comment: 11 pages, harvmac, 2 figures available upon request; CINVESTAV-FIS
GFMR 11/9
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