26 research outputs found
âAcciĂłn de la ingesta de aceite de pistacho en un modelo animal transgĂ©nico para la enfermedad de alzheimerâ.
La Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa crĂłnica, queconduce a demencia, y es de alta mĂĄs prevalencia en personas mayores a 65 años.Diversos estudios han vinculado una amplia gama de factores como la dieta y el estilo devida con un mayor o menor riesgo de padecer esta enfermedad. Existen evidenciarespecto a que el daño oxidativo neuronal es uno de los primeros cambios observadoscuando se lo compara con otros aspectos caracterĂsticos de la patologĂa. Por ello, elestrĂ©s oxidativo ha sido postulado como uno de los factores causales de la EA, siendolas zonas de la corteza cerebral y el hipocampo las principalmente afectadas.Particularmente, la enzima Ăłxido nĂtrico sintasa (NOS) en sus 3 isoformas es la fuenteprincipal del Ăłxido nĂtrico (NO); una molĂ©cula pequeña, que cumple diferentes funcionesen el organismo, desde actuar como neurotransmisor a controlar la transcripciĂłn dealgunos genes. Sin embargo, niveles alterados de NO pueden ser perjudiciales para elorganismo, dado que contribuyen en una variedad de patologĂas neurodegenerativas,como la esclerosis mĂșltiple, la enfermedad de Parkinson y la EA
Entanglement of Imaging and Imagining of Nanotechnology
Images, ranging from visualizations of the nanoscale to future visions, abound within and beyond the world of nanotechnology. Rather than the contrast between imaging, i.e. creating images that are understood as offering a view on what is out there, and imagining, i.e. creating images offering impressions of how the nanoscale could look like and images presenting visions of worlds that might be realized, it is the entanglement between imaging and imagining which is the key to understanding what images do. Three main arenas of entanglement of imag(in)ing and the tensions involved are discussed: production practices and use of visualizations of the nanoscale; imag(in)ing the future and the present; and entanglements of nanoscience and art. In these three arenas one sees struggles about which images might stand for nanotechnology, but also some stabilization of the entanglement of imag(in)ing, for example in established rules in the practices of visualizing the nanoscale. Three images have become iconic, through the combination of their wide reception and further circulation. All three, the IBM logo, the Foresight Instituteâs Nanogear image, and the so-called Nanolouse, depict actual or imagined technoscientific objects and are thus seen as representing technoscientific achievements â while marking out territory
Dispersion and release of embelin from electrospun biodegradable, polymeric, membranes
In this work, microfiber meshes containing embelin, a poorly water-soluble bioactive agent, were prepared by solubilizing embelin in a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer matrix of poly(Δ-caprolactone) (PCL). Plain or drug-loaded, highly porous, fibrous membranes with a high area-to-volume ratio were obtained by electrospinning. Non-woven microfibrous meshes were formed by uniform bead-free fibers with a mean diameter of 1.2âÎŒm. Non-porous films were obtained by solution casting, and were used for comparison. The drug-loading content of the prepared systems was appropriate for topical applications. The thermal properties revealed that the crystallinity of embelin significantly decreased, the drug having almost completely dissolved in the PCL fibers. The in situ bioavailability of embelin, an antimycotic agent, is an important aspect to consider in topical drug applications. The drug-loaded systems presented different contact areas with the biological environment. When comparing the ability to expose embelin with the biological environment of the prepared systems, drug-loaded fibrous scaffolds showed a higher bioavailability of the bioactive agent because of an increase by 86% in the area-to-volume ratio, providing an effective area per unit mass that was 5.8-fold higher than that of the film. For the meshes, 90% embelin release was observed after 12h of exposure to phosphate-buffered saline, whereas for the films a comparable level of release occurred only after 72h.Fil: Cortez Tornello, Pablo Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Mar del Plata. Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn En Ciencia y TecnologĂa de Materiales (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Veiga, Itiara G.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Moraes, Ăngela M.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Abraham, Gustavo Abel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Mar del Plata. Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn En Ciencia y TecnologĂa de Materiales (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de IngenierĂa; ArgentinaFil: Cuadrado, Teresita Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Mar del Plata. Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn En Ciencia y TecnologĂa de Materiales (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de IngenierĂa; Argentin
Sigmund Exner's (1887) einige beobachtungen ĂŒber bewegungsnachbilder (some observations on movement aftereffects):an illustrated translation with commentary
In his original contribution, Exnerâs principal concern was a comparison between the properties of different aftereffects, and particularly to determine whether aftereffects of motion were similar to those of color and whether they could be encompassed within a unified physiological framework. Despite the fact that he was unable to answer his main question, there are some excellentâso far unknownâcontributions in Exnerâs paper. For example, he describes observations that can be related to binocular interaction, not only in motion aftereffects but also in rivalry. To the best of our knowledge, Exner provides the first description of binocular rivalry induced by differently moving patterns in each eye, for motion as well as for their aftereffects. Moreover, apart from several known, but beautifully addressed, phenomena he makes a clear distinction between motion in depth based on stimulus properties and motion in depth based on the interpretation of motion. That is, the experience of movement, as distinct from the perception of movement. The experience, unlike the perception, did not result in a motion aftereffect in depth
TTC5 syndrome: Clinical and molecular spectrum of a severe and recognizable condition.
Biallelic mutations in the TTC5 gene have been associated with autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) and subsequently with an ID syndrome including severe speech impairment, cerebral atrophy, and hypotonia as clinical cornerstones. A TTC5 role in IDs has been proposed based on the physical interaction of TTC5 with p300, and possibly reducing p300 co-activator complex activity, similarly to what was observed in Menke-Hennekam 1 and 2 patients (MKHK1 and 2) carrying, respectively, mutations in exon 30 and 31 of CREBBP and EP300, which code for the TTC5-binding region. Recently, TTC5-related brain malformation has been linked to tubulinopathies due to the function of TTC5 in tubulins' dynamics. We reported seven new patients with novel or recurrent TTC5 variants. The deep characterization of the molecular and phenotypic spectrum confirmed TTC5-related disorder as a recognizable, very severe neurodevelopmental syndrome. In addition, other relevant clinical aspects, including a severe pre- and postnatal growth retardation, cryptorchidism, and epilepsy, have emerged from the reversal phenotype approach and the review of already published TTC5 cases. Microcephaly and facial dysmorphism resulted in being less variable than that documented before. The TTC5 clinical features have been compared with MKHK1 published cases in the hypothesis that clinical overlap in some characteristics of the two conditions was related to the common p300 molecular pathway
Anålise de associação quanto à produtividade e seus caracteres componentes em linhagens e cultivares de arroz de terras altas
Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals
A large-scale GWAS provides insight on diabetes-dependent genetic effects on the glomerular filtration rate, a common metric to monitor kidney health in disease.Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.</p
The Influence of Hearing Impairment on Mental Age in Down Syndrome: Preliminary Results
The increased life expectancy for patients with Down Syndrome (DS) has elicited the need to improve their quality of life by enhancing functional outcomes and identifying the factors that contribute to their long-term cognitive decline. Although the majority of individuals with DS have issues with hearing impairment (HI) since early childhood, to our knowledge no study has investigated whether HI represents a potential modulator of cognitive decline over time. The present explorative cohort study, albeit very preliminary due to the limited cohort (17 children), highlights the significant relation of a significant HI not only with receptive language abilities, but also with mental age in young patients with DS. Additional studies are required to confirm the link between HI and mental age and to assess the impact of audiological treatment on the enhancement of functional outcomes and of cognitive decline in individuals with DS
Antibacterial and Leishmanicidal Activity of Bolivian Propolis
The antimicrobial activity of Bolivian propolis was assessed for the first time on a panel of bacteria and two endemic parasitic protozoa. Ten samples of Bolivian propolis and their main constituents were tested using the micro-broth dilution method against 11 bacterial pathogenic strains as well as against promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and L. braziliensis using the XTT-based colorimetric method. The methanolic extracts showed antibacterial effect ranging from inactive (MICs >1000 ÎŒg ml(-1) ) to low (MICs 250-1000 ÎŒg ml(-1) ), moderate (62â5-125 ÎŒg ml(-1) ) and high antibacterial activity (MIC 31.2 ÎŒg ml(-1) ), according to the collection place and chemical composition. The most active samples towards Leishmania species were from Cochabamba and Tarija, with IC50 values of 12â1 and 7â8, 8â0 and 10â9 ÎŒg ml(-1) against L. amazonensis and L. brasiliensis, respectively. The results show that the best antibacterial and antiprotozoal effect was observed for some phenolic rich propolis.Fil: Nina, N.. Universidad de Talca; ChileFil: Lima, Beatriz Viviana. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: GimĂ©nez, A.. Universidad Mayor de San AndrĂ©s; BoliviaFil: Capusiri, E. S.. Universidad Mayor de San AndrĂ©s; BoliviaFil: Schmeda Hirschmann, G.. Universidad de Talca; Chil