NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN SCALE INSECT SPECIES (HEMIPTERA: COCCOIDEA) IN TURKEY

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) are notorious pests, especially of perennial plants. They are serious pests of fruit and nut trees, ornamental shade trees and shrubs, forest trees, greenhouse and indoor plantings. In the present study, new data are given for 13 species of scale insects from Turkey as follows: Coccidae (1 sp.), Cerococcidae (1 sp.), Diaspididae 2 spp.), Pseudococcidae (8 spp.) and Rhizoecidae (1 sp.). Chorizococcus malabadiensis Kaydan sp. n. is described and illustrated as a new species and 8 species are recorded for the first time from Turkey

A new species of Greenisca and two new species of Ovaticoccus from Italy (Hemiptera Coccoidea Eriococcidae), with a key to European genera of Eriococcidae.

Three new eriococcid species from Italy are described and illustrated, namely Greenisca oreophila sp. n. off Poaceae, and Ovaticoccus exoticus sp. n. and O. agavacearum sp. n., off Agavaceae. Their morphological relationships are discussed and keys to Greenisca and Ovaticoccus species are provided, together with a key to the Eriococcidae genera so far known in Europe. A check-list of Italian Eriococcids is added

Torosaspis Ulgenturk, gen. nov.

Torosaspis Ülgentürk gen. nov. Type species: Torosaspis turcica Ülgentürk and Kozár sp. nov. Generic diagnosis. Scale of female oyster-shell shaped. Adult female elongate, oval, derm membranous. Antennae reduced to one-segmented stubs, each with 2 or 3 thick setae. Trilocular disc pores associated with anterior spiracle. Glandular tubercles present submarginally on metathorax and abdominal segments I-III. Pygidium with 2 pairs of well-developed lobes, L 3 reduced. Median gland spines at least as long as median lobes; other gland spines well developed, as long as median lobes. Marginal macroducts all single on segments IV–VII (formula 1,1,1,1). Perivulvar pores when present, in 5 distinct groups. Affinities. Torosaspis gen. nov. may be related to Acanthomytilus and Lepidosaphes Shimer (1868) and especially to the last, but distinguishable from the latter two in having the marginal macroducts all single. In this character, it agrees with Pallulaspis Ferris (1937) and Mercetaspis Gomez Menor Ortega (1927). It differs from these genera in the distribution of dorsal macroduct on the pygidium. Furthermore, Mercetaspis is very peculiar in lacking marginal appendages on the pygidium. It is doubtful, therefore, that these three genera are particularly closely related phylogenetically.Published as part of Ülgentürk, Selma & Kozár, Ferenc, 2011, A new scale insect genus, Torosaspis (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae), with a new species, Torosaspis turcica, from Turkey, pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 2907 on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20235

Torosaspis turcica Ulgenturk and Kozar, sp. nov.

Torosaspis turcica Ülgentürk and Kozár sp. nov. Type data. Holotype female: Turkey, Burdur, Garden of Anadolu Sanat Lisesi, N: 37 ° 46 ' 05.50",E: 30 ° 33 '17.31'', 1047 m altitude, on the needles of Pinus brutia, S. Ülgentürk, 20.viii. 2009, coll. No: 2928. Paratypes: 2 females, and 1 prepupa on the same slide including holotype. Also 3 slides with 19 females, 1 2 nd -instar female nymph and 8 1 st -instar nymphs labelled: Burdur, Garden of Anadolu Sanat Lisesi, N: 37 ° 46 ' 05.50",E: 30 ° 33 '17.31'', 1047 m altitude, on needles of Pinus brutia, S. Ülgentürk, 22.x. 2010, coll. No: 3012. Adult female: Live appearance: Scale of adult female flat, broadest posteriorly, elongate, oyster-shell shaped, light brown in colour, with two larval exuviae pale yellow and transparent. Scale 3 (2.4–3.7) mm long 0.7 (0.56–0.83) mm wide (Fig. 1 a). Living female cream in colour, with pygidium darker (Fig. 1 b). Male test yellowish-brown, parallel-sided, narrower and shorter than female scale (Fig. 1 c). Mounted female: Body elongate oval (Fig. 2), 598 (428–742) µm long and 203 (204–250) µm wide. Body widest across segment I. Body membranous, except for sclerotised pygidium. Venter: Each antenna with 3 large setae and 2 short conic setae. Anterior spiracles each with one associated trilocular disc pore; posterior spiracles without disc pores. Pygidium rounded, slightly sclerotized, with 2 pairs of lobes. Median lobes with space between them as wide as one of them (length of L 1 lobes 29 (23–29) µm wide, space between lobes 33 (21–35) µm wide); (L 1) prominent, rounded, outer margin slightly notched. Second lobes (L 2) unilobular, similar in shape to median lobes but smaller and not notched; L 3 barely perceptible, triangular and finely pointed. Gland spines twice the length of median lobes, each long and slender with a broad base; present as follows: with 2 between median lobes, 2 between L 1 and L 2, and 3 laterad to L 2. Ventral macroducts smaller than dorsal macroducts, present in a submarginal group on segments I and II. Posterior spiracles each with 3 or 4 glandular tubercles and 7 or 8 macroducts in a transverse band extending to margin. Similar macroducts present on submargin of prothorax and mesothorax. Microducts few, present on head and thorax, and with smaller ducts on abdomen. Perivulvar disc pores in 5 groups as follows: 0–3 in median, 5–8 in anterolateral, and 4–8 in posterolateral group. Dorsum. With 1 marginal macroduct on pygidium on each of segments IV–VII (formula 1,1,1,1). Submarginal macroducts: 2 on segments IV and V each, and 5 or 6 on segments I–III each. Submedian macroducts: 1 on each of segments I–VI. Macroducts also present around submargin of metathorax and with smaller ducts on head, mesothorax and prothorax. Anal opening near anterior margin of pygidium on segment of V. Comment. This species is characterized in having the following combination of morphological characters: (a) 3 large setae and 2 short conic setae on each antenna, (b) a band of glandular tubercles near each posterior spiracle, (c) unilobular L 2 lobes, (d) single marginal macroducts on each of segments IV–VII, and (e) presence of 1 pair of gland spines between the median lobes, 2 between L 1 and L 2, and 3 laterad to L 2. T. turcica resembles T. cedricola comb. nov. in having most of the above characters, but the latter differs in having: (a) only 2 setae on each antenna, (b) bilobed L 2 lobes, (c) only 1 gland spine between L 1 and L 2, and (d) more median and submedian macroducts dorsally on abdominal segments I–III. T. turcica is also similar to T. farsianus comb. nov., both having: (a) 1 marginal macroduct on each of segments IV–VII, and (b) gland tubercles near each anterior spiracle, but the latter species differs in having: (a) L 2 bilobed, (b) no perivulvar disc pores, (c) 1 gland spine between L 1 and L 2, and laterad to L 2, and (d) absence of macroducts submarginally on thorax and head. Etymology. The genus name is formed from Toros (in honour of Prof. Dr. Seval Toros, Ankara, Turkey, a famous lady Turkish aphidologist and entomologist) and aspis, Greek, meaning shield, often used to name members of the Diaspididae.Published as part of Ülgentürk, Selma & Kozár, Ferenc, 2011, A new scale insect genus, Torosaspis (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Diaspididae), with a new species, Torosaspis turcica, from Turkey, pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 2907 on pages 64-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20235