scale adaptation of mean shift based on graph cuts theory

The classical Mean Shift can't change the scale of tracking window in real time while tracking target is changing in size. This paper adopts graph cuts theory to the problem of scale adaptation for Mean Shift tracking. According to the result of Mean Shift iteration in every frame, implementing graph cuts using skin color Gaussian mixture model(GMM) in a small area around it, and updating tracking window size through the largest skin lump among the result of graph cuts. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that the method can reflect the real scale change of tracking target, avoid the interference of other objects in background, and has good usability and robustness. Besides it enriches manipulation method of Human Computer Interaction by controlling entertainment games. © 2011 IEEE.China Computer FederationThe classical Mean Shift can't change the scale of tracking window in real time while tracking target is changing in size. This paper adopts graph cuts theory to the problem of scale adaptation for Mean Shift tracking. According to the result of Mean Shift iteration in every frame, implementing graph cuts using skin color Gaussian mixture model(GMM) in a small area around it, and updating tracking window size through the largest skin lump among the result of graph cuts. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that the method can reflect the real scale change of tracking target, avoid the interference of other objects in background, and has good usability and robustness. Besides it enriches manipulation method of Human Computer Interaction by controlling entertainment games. © 2011 IEEE

The Structure and Properties of Polyacrylonitrile Nascent Composite Fibers with Grafted Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Prepared by Wet Spinning Method

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) grafted amino-functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes (amino-MWCNTs) were synthesized by in situ polymerization under aqueous solvent. The grafted MWCNT/PAN nascent composite fibers were prepared by the wet spinning method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the amino-MWCNTs and PAN macromolecular chains had interfacial interactions and formed chemical bonds. The grafting content of the PAN polymer on the amino-MWCNTs was up to 73.2% by thermo gravimetric analysis. The incorporation of the grafted MWCNTs improved the degree of crystallization and crystal size of PAN nascent fibers, and changed the thermal properties during exothermic processing in an air atmosphere. Morphology analysis and testing of mechanical properties showed that the grafted MWCNT/PAN nascent composite fibers with a more uniform diameter distribution and larger diameter had higher tensile strength and tensile modulus than the control PAN nascent fibers

Rheological Behavior of Amino-Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polyacrylonitrile Concentrated Solutions and Crystal Structure of Composite Fibers

The rheological behavior of amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (amino-CNTs)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) concentrated solutions in the dimethyl sulphoxide solvent and the effects of the amino-CNTs on the PAN precursor fibers by wet-spinning method were investigated. The amino-CNT/PAN concentrated solutions prepared by in situ solution polymerization with homogeneous dispersion of amino-CNTs have higher complex viscosity, storage modulus and loss modulus as compared to the control PAN concentrated solutions containing 22% PAN polymer by mass. The composite fibers with amino-CNTs of 1 wt % have lower degree of crystallization, crystal size and crystal region orientation compared to the control PAN precursor fibers. However, the amino-CNT/PAN composite fibers with diameter of about 10.5 μm exhibit higher mechanical properties than the control PAN precursor fibers with diameter of about 8.0 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the cyclization reaction in composite fibers have broad exothermic temperature range and low exothermic rate. These results indicate that the addition of amino-CNTs into PAN precursor fibers is beneficial to controlling the process of thermal stabilization and obtaining the higher performance of composite fibers

Gestational hypertension and chronic hypertension on the risk of diabetes among gestational diabetes women

Aims: We aimed to examine the association of gestational hypertension and chronic hypertension at the inter-conception examination with type 2 diabetes risk among women with a history of gestational diabetes. Methods: We conducted a population-based study among 1261 women who had a history of gestational diabetes at 1-5 years after delivery in Tianjin, China. Logistic regression or Cox regression was used to assess the associations of gestational hypertension and chronic hypertension at the inter-conception examination with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes risks. Results: Gestational diabetic women who had a history of gestational hypertension but did not use antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy had a 3.94-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.94-8.02) of developing type 2 diabetes compared with those who were normotensive in index pregnancy. Compared with gestational diabetic women who had normal blood pressure at the inter-conception examination, hypertensive women at the inter-conception examination were 3.38 times (95% CI: 1.66-6.87) and 2.97 times (95% CI: 1.75-5.05) more likely to develop diabetes and prediabetes, respectively. The odds ratios of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes associated with each 5 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure were 125 (95% CI: 1.03-1.51) and 120 (95% CI: 1.06-135). Each 5 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure contributed to a 1.49-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.18-1.88) for type 2 diabetes and a 1.42-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.22-1.65) for prediabetes. Conclusions: For women with prior gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and chronic hypertension at the inter-conception examination were risk factors for type 2 diabetes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Cordycepin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by inducing DNA damage and up-regulation of p53 in Leukemia cells

<p>Cordycepin, an adenosine analog derived from <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> has been shown to exert anti-tumor activity in many ways. However, the mechanisms by which cordycepin contributes to the anti-tumor still obscure. Here our present work showed that cordycepin inhibits cell growth in NB-4 and U937 cells by inducing apoptosis. Further study showed that cordycepin increases the expression of p53 which promotes the release of cytochrome <i>c</i> from mitochondria to the cytosol. The released cytochrome <i>c</i> can then activate caspase-9 and trigger intrinsic apoptosis. Cordycepin also blocks MAPK pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and thus sensitizes the apoptosis. In addition, our results showed that cordycepin inhibits the expression of cyclin A2, cyclin E, and CDK2, which leads to the accumulation of cells in S-phase. Moreover, our study showed that cordycepin induces DNA damage and causes degradation of Cdc25A, suggesting that cordycepin-induced S-phase arrest involves activation of Chk2-Cdc25A pathway. In conclusion, cordycepin-induced DNA damage initiates cell cycle arrest and apoptosis which leads to the growth inhibition of NB-4 and U937 cells.</p