A Backscattering Model Incorporating the Effective Carrier Temperature in Nano MOSFET

In this work we propose a channel backscattering model in which increased carrier temperature at the top of the potential energy barrier in the channel is taken into account. This model represents an extension of a previous model by the same authors which highlighted the importance of considering the partially ballistic transport between the source contact and the top of the potential energy barrier in the channel. The increase of carrier temperature is precisely due to energy dissipation between the source contact and the top of the barrier caused by the high saturation current. To support our discussion, accurate 2D full band Monte Carlo device simulations with quantum correction have been performed in double gate nMOSFETs for different geometries (gate length down to 10 nm), biases and lattice temperatures. Including the effective carrier temperature is especially important to properly treat the high inversion regime, where previous backscattering models usually fail

Molecular Geometry and Electronic Structure of Heptalentropones and Heptalendiones

The molecular geometries of 8-H-cycloheptatropone (I), 8-H- -cycloheptatropolone (II), 2-methoxy-8-H-cycloheptatropone (III), heptalen-1,8-dione (IV), 7-methoxy-heptalen-1,8-dione (V), 9-methoxy- heptalen-1,8-dione (VI) were fully optimized at lVIINDOj3 level. Heptalen-2,3-dione was also taken into account. The electronic structures of the above molecules were studied by means of INDOjS method and the importance of doubly excited configurations was tested at CNDO/S level. In all compounds a remarkable »single« and »double« bond alternation was found. Hydroxy and methoxy substitution affects the geometry of the ring where the substitution occurs whilst the unsubstituted ring unđergoes minor 01\u27 negligible changes. The electronic transitions agree well enough with the experimentally available absorption maxima; a strong transition is predicted in the neighborood of 200 nm. Several of these transitions can be correlated with those of tropone and tropolone: on the whole they are not, 01\u27 negligibly, affected by double excitations except those Iying in the range of 5 eV and the ones at 4.29 eV and 4.82 eV of heptalen-2,3-dione

Operational modal analysis of a spar-type floating platform using frequency domain decomposition method

System identification of offshore floating platforms is usually performed by testing small-scale models in wave tanks, where controlled conditions, such as still water for free decay tests, regular and irregular wave loading can be represented. However, this approach may result in constraints on model dimensions, testing time, and costs of the experimental activity. For such reasons, intermediate-scale field modelling of offshore floating structures may become an interesting as well as cost-effective alternative in a near future. Clearly, since the open sea is not a controlled environment, traditional system identification may become challenging and less precise. In this paper, a new approach based on Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD) method for Operational Modal Analysis is proposed and validated against numerical simulations in ANSYS AQWA v.16.0 on a simple spar-type structure. The results obtained match well with numerical predictions, showing that this new approach, opportunely coupled with more traditional wave tanks techniques, proves to be very promising to perform field-site identification of the model structures

OXIDATION OF CHOLINE IN RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIA.

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Progress on the experimental set-up for the testing of a floating offshore wind turbine scaled model in a field site

This document describes design and realization of a small-scale field experiment on a 1:30 model of spar floating support structure for offshore wind turbines. The aim of the experiment is to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the floating wind turbine under extreme wave and parked rotor conditions. The experiment has been going on in the Natural Ocean Engineering Laboratory of Reggio Calabria (Italy). In this article, all the stages of the experimental activity are presented, and some results are shown in terms of motions and response amplitude operators. Finally, a comparison with corresponding results obtained using ANSYS AQWA software package is shown, and conclusions are drawn. The presented experimental set-up seems promising to test offshore floating structures for marine renewable energy at a relatively large scale in the Natural Ocean Engineering Laboratory field site

CRT-146 Follow-up Results And Health-related Quality-of-life After Implantation Of Left Ventricular Passive Containment Device For Heart Failure And Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Se refiere al protagonismo de los medios en problemas de corrupción gubernamental y la desgastada credibilidad de los medios ante el público y la ciudadanía. Otro artículo ilustra los cambios de actitud latentes en medios nuevos y tradicionales. En la agenda política latinoamericana la reforma de las comunicaciones es prioritaria. La evolución de los medios en tan crucial para la sociedad que ningún sector afectado puede ser excluido de la gestión de reforma. Un módulo especial se dedica a la divulgación científica y tecnológica en América Latina y a la formación de periodistas especializados. Dos artículos más exploran algunos algunos aspectos de la contradictoria crisis que afecta al cine latinoamericano

A microscopically accurate model of partially ballistic nanoMOSFETs in saturation based on channel backscattering

We propose a model for partially ballistic MOSFETs and for channel backscattering that is alternative to the well known Lundstrom model and is more accurate from the point of view of the actual energy distribution of carriers. The key point is that we do not use the concept of "virtual source". Our model differs from the Lundstrom model in two assumptions: i) the reflection coefficients from the top of the energy barrier to the drain and from top of the barrier to the source are approximately equal (whereas in the Lundstrom model the latter is zero), and ii) inelastic scattering is assumed through a ratio of the average velocity of forward-going carriers to that of backward-going carriers at the top of the barrier kv > 1 (=1 in the Lundstrom model). We support our assumptions with 2D full band Monte Carlo (MC) simulations including quantum corrections in nMOSFETs. We show that our model allows to extract from the electrical characteristics a backscattering coefficient very close to that obtained from the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation, whereas the Lundstrom model overestimates backscattering by up to 40%

Modelling of tunnelling currents in Hf-based gate stacks as a function of temperature and extraction of material parameters

In this paper we show that through electrical characterization and detailed quantum simulations of the capacitance-voltage and current-voltage characteristics it is possible to extract a series of material parameters of alternative gate dielectrics. We have focused on HfO2 and HfSiXOYNZ gate stacks and have extracted information on the nature of localized states in the dielectric responsible for a trap-assisted tunneling current component and for the temperature behavior of the I-V characteristics. Simulations are based on a 1D Poisson-Schrdinger solver capable to provide the pure tunneling current and Trap Assisted Tunneling component. Energy and capture cross section of traps responsible for TAT current have been extracted.Comment: Preprint version of a paper submitted to TED, Transaction on Electron Devices. this is the final reviewed version. This work studies HfO2 and HfSiXOYNZ gate stacks, their C-V and I-V characteristics. A temperature dependent Trap Assisted Tunnneling model was developed to explain the temperature dependence of the I-V chaacteristic

Indagini termografiche, trasformazioni architettoniche e degrado dei materiali nelle chiese del centro storico di Siliqua (Sardegna S-W)

La termografia a raggi infrarossi, come noto, consente l’analisi strutturale di manufatti edilizi sulla base dell’individuazione di zone a differente temperatura e di possibili processi di scambio termico in stretta relazione con la risposta dei materiali utilizzati alle sollecitazioni termiche a cui sono interessati. Le immagini termiche, soprattutto se acquisite mediante strumentazione caratterizzata da elevata risoluzione e sensibilità, consentono di mettere in evidenza, oltre alla presenza di anomalie legate a processi di alterazione e degradazione dei materiali utilizzati, eventuali trasformazioni architettoniche avvenute nella storia del manufatto e, in particolare, caratteri costruttivi originari nascosti da interventi posteriori. Sulla base di questi presupposti, vengono esposti i risultati di una indagine applicata per lo studio di alcuni tra gli edifici storico-religiosi presenti nel paese di Siliqua (Sardegna sud-occidentale): la Chiesa di San Giorgio, la Chiesa di Sant’Anna e la Chiesa di Santa Margherita. La ricerca, in particolare, ha consentito di mettere in evidenza la struttura e la tessitura muraria dei prospetti principali, oggi coperta dall’intonaco e, sulla base di documenti storici e delle immagini fotografiche del passato, tarare la risposta termica acquisita in base alle specifiche caratteristiche dei materiali utilizzati. Lo studio è stato condotto mediante l’utilizzo della Termocamera IR Thermo Tracer TH9260 (NEC Avio Infrared Technologies Co., Ltd).Infrared thermography, as known, allows the analysis of structural building elements on the basis of the identification of areas at different temperatures and possible heat transfer processes in close relationship with the response of the materials used to thermal stresses to which they are interested. The thermal images, especially if acquired through instrumentation characterized by high resolution and sensitivity, allow to put in evidence, in addition to the presence of anomalies associated with processes of alteration and degradation of the materials used, any architectural transformations occurred in the history of the article and, in particular, original characters constructive hidden by later interventions. Based on these assumptions, the thermographic method has been applied to the study of some of the historical and religious buildings in the country of Siliqua (south-western Sardinia): the Church of San Giorgio, the Church of Sant’Anna and the Church of Santa Margherita. The research, in particular, has made it possible to highlight the structure and texture of the main elevations of walls, now covered by plaster, and, on the basis of historical documents and photographs of the past, adjust the thermal response acquired with the specific materials used. The study has been carried through non-destructive telemetry investigations through the use of Thermal Imaging Camera IR Thermo Tracer TH9260 (NEC Avio Infrared Technologies Co., Ltd)