12 research outputs found
Tryptophan-like and humic-like fluorophores are extracellular in groundwater: implications as real-time faecal indicators
Fluorescent natural organic matter at tryptophan-like (TLF) and humic-like fluorescence (HLF) peaks is associated with the presence and enumeration of faecal indicator bacteria in groundwater. We hypothesise, however, that it is predominantly extracellular material that fluoresces at these wavelengths, not bacterial cells. We quantified total (unfiltered) and extracellular (filtered atâ<â0.22 ”m) TLF and HLF in 140 groundwater sources across a range of urban population densities in Kenya, Malawi, Senegal, and Uganda. Where changes in fluorescence occurred following filtration they were correlated with potential controlling variables. A significant reduction in TLF following filtration (ÎTLF) was observed across the entire dataset, although the majority of the signal remained and thus considered extracellular (median 96.9%). ÎTLF was only significant in more urbanised study areas where TLF was greatest. Beneath Dakar, Senegal, ÎTLF was significantly correlated to total bacterial cells (Ïs 0.51). No significant change in HLF following filtration across all data indicates these fluorophores are extracellular. Our results suggest that TLF and HLF are more mobile than faecal indicator bacteria and larger pathogens in groundwater, as the predominantly extracellular fluorophores are less prone to straining. Consequently, TLF/HLF are more precautionary indicators of microbial risks than faecal indicator bacteria in groundwater-derived drinking water
Report of Radical Prostatectomy at the Urology Department of the Hopital General de Grand Yoff (HOGGY)
Goal: To show the importance of radical prostatectomy and to evaluate the carcinogenic and functional results of radical prostatectomy (RP) at the Department of Urology of the HĂÂŽpital General de Grand Yoff.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study involving 52 patients that had prostate cancer and had gone through RP. The study was held at the Department of Urology of the HĂÂŽpital General de Grand Yoff in Dakar over a period of 9 years starting from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2014. The parameters covered in this study included: Age, existence or non-existence of history of prostate cancer in siblings, circumstances of diagnosis, clinical examination, diagnostic data with histology, therapeutic aspects and prognosis. All data was analyzed using CSPro and EXCEL software with the level of significance at (p < 0.005).Results: The average age of our patients was 61.2 years, ranging between the ages of 50 years and 69 years. In total, 51 patients had a preoperative Gleason score. Amongst them, 26 patients had well differentiated tumors (3+3 =6) and 7 patients had poorly differentiated tumors (4+4 =8) whilst 18 patients showed intermediate tumor differentiation between the two preceding groups (3+4 =7).Histological examination of the specimen among the patients with a preoperative Gleason score of 7 (3 + 4), only 4 of the predicted patients had a definite score of 7 (4 + 3) while 1 patient had a Gleason score of 8. Postoperative Gleason score was evaluated only in 23 of the patients. Post-operative complications included 30 cases of urinary incontinence (56%), one case of ED in 20 cases (37%) and ureteral-bladder stenosis in 4 cases (7%). Biochemical recurrence (BR) was found in 11 patients. We noted clinical recurrence (CR) in 4 of the patients. Among patients with an RB, the resection margins were positive in 2 patients and lymph node invasion in 2 patients. It was equally noted that there was a seminal vesicle invasion in 5 patients in the biochemical recurrence.In the 31 patients being followed up, quality of life was evaluated. Among patients with erectile dysfunction, 15 patients (48.4%) had good erectile functioning while 16 patients (51.6%) were evaluated as satisfactory. Continence was good in 11 patients (38.7%), average in 16 patients (51.6%) and poor in 3 patients (9.7%).Conclusion: Radical prostatectomy gives patients a better chance for cure. The proposition for a PSA of the patients over 50 years of age would increase early diagnosis and would improve the prognosis of the cancer
Profil clinique et thérapeutique des complications de la circoncision sur la derniÚre décennie
Lâobjectif de lâĂ©tude Ă©tait de rapporter le profil clinique et thĂ©rapeutique des complications de la circoncision sur la derniĂšre dĂ©cennie. Il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude observationnelle rĂ©trospective et descriptive menĂ©e entre le 1er janvier 2006 et le 31 dĂ©cembre 2016 rĂ©pertoriant les complications de la circoncision reçues dans notre service. Les paramĂštressuivants ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©s: lâĂąge des patients, la qualification de lâopĂ©rateur, le lieu de circoncision, le dĂ©lai de consultation, les motifs de consultation, les types de complications et leurs traitements, les suites thĂ©rapeutiques avec comme critĂšres dâapprĂ©ciation desrĂ©sultats: la qualitĂ© de la miction et lâaspect esthĂ©tique de la verge. Au total 44 complications de la circoncision ont Ă©tĂ© recensĂ©es durant la pĂ©riode dâĂ©tude. LâĂąge moyen au moment de la circoncision Ă©tait de 6,01 ± 4,7 ans et au moment de la consultation, il Ă©tait de 11,3 ± 8,7 ans. Le dĂ©lai moyen de consultation Ă©tait de 5,1 ± 6,9 ans. Seuls 2 patients ont consultĂ© dans les dĂ©lais dâurgence (<6 heures). Le personnel paramĂ©dical Ă©tait responsable de la majoritĂ© des complications (59,1% des patients). La fistule urĂ©tro-cutanĂ©e (FUC) Ă©tait la complication la plus frĂ©quente (72,7%). La majoritĂ© (n=43) de nos patients a eu un traitement chirurgical. Les rĂ©sultats globaux Ă©taient satisfaisants pour 88,6% des patients pris en charge. Les Ă©checs ne concernaient que les FUC et les amputations du gland et Ă©taient reprĂ©sentĂ©s par des rĂ©cidives de fistules et des nĂ©croses du gland respectivement. Mots clĂ© : circoncision; complications; fistule urĂ©tro-cutanĂ©e Our purpose is this study was to report clinical and therapeutic aspects of complications of circumcisions over the last ten years. We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study between January 2006 and December 2016, including all cases of complications recorded in the urology unit of Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital. The following parameters were studied: patient age, operator qualification, the place of circumcision, consultation time, complain, The type of complications and their treatment. Post-operative evolution was appreciated by the quality of micturition and the esthetic result. A total of 44 complications were recorded during the study time. The mean ages were 6.01 years at circumcision, and 11.3 years at consultation. The mean consultation time was 5.1 years, and only 2 patients consulted within the emergency time (less than 6 hours). Fifty-nine point one percent of complications occurred after operation by paramedical personnel. Uretrocutaneous fistula (UCF) was the most frequent complication (72.7%). Almost every patient (43) underwent surgical treatment with a globally satisfactory outcome in 88.6% of cases. Fails like recurrent fistula and glans necrosis were only found respectively in cases of UCF and glans amputation. Key words: circoncision; complications; fistule urĂ©tro-cutanĂ©
Bilateral Spermatocyte Seminoma: A Case Report
Spermatocyte seminoma is rare pathologic presentation of testicular cancer. We report a case of bilateral testicular seminoma in an 18-year-old man with thoracolumbar metastases. He presented with large, bilateral painless scrotal masses with a normal appearance of the scrotal skin. He also had thoracolumbar gibbus, and flaccid paraplegia that has been evolving for a month. Bilateral orchiectomy was performed but the patient died before adjuvant treatment
Cancers de la prostate de score de Gleason supérieur ou égal à 8: Evaluation de la survie des patients
Buts: Evaluer les résultats oncologiques des patients pris en charge pour cancers de la prostate de score de Gleason ℠à 8 en utilisant comme critÚres de jugement: le PSA total, la survie globale et la survie sans progression.
Patients et mĂ©thodes: Il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective menĂ©e au service dâUrologie-Andrologie de lâhĂŽpital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar du 1er Juin 2010 - au 31 Octobre 2014. Elle avait colligĂ© 29 patients ayant un cancer de la prostate avec un score de Gleason â„ 8. Les traitements utilisĂ©s Ă©taient lâhormonothĂ©rapie et la prostatectomie radicale.
Résultats: La médiane du taux de PSA initial était de 97,7 ng/ml (2- 32047 ng/ml). Les cancers prostatiques étaient découverts au stade métastatique dans plus de la moitié des cas (83,3%). Le traitement était hormonal dans 82,8% des cas. La médiane de survie était de 14 mois et la durée moyenne de survie globale était à 13,18 mois. La survie globale de la série à 6, 12, et 24 mois était respectivement de 72,7; 54,5 et 0,9%. La survie sans progression de la série à 3, 14 et 21 mois était respectivement de 50; 16,7 et 8,3%.
Conclusion: Les cancers de la prostate de score de Gleason â„ 8 sont de mauvais pronostic dans notre pratique
La mortalitĂ© spĂ©cifique en urologie dans un hĂŽpital de rĂ©fĂ©rence au SĂ©nĂ©gal: analyse dâune sĂ©rie de 132 dĂ©cĂšs
Objectif: identifier les causes des dĂ©cĂšs enregistrĂ©s dans un service dâurologie dâAfrique subsaharienne.
Patients et mĂ©thodes: Il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective colligeant tous les dĂ©cĂšs entre fĂ©vrier 2010 et fĂ©vrier 2014. Les paramĂštres Ă©tudiĂ©s Ă©taient lâĂąge au moment du dĂ©cĂšs, le sexe, les facteurs de co-morbiditĂ©, la durĂ©e dâhospitalisation et la cause du dĂ©cĂšs.
RĂ©sultats: Le nombre de dĂ©cĂšs Ă©tait de 132 dont 7 femmes et 125 hommes. La mortalitĂ© hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait de 2,9%. LâĂąge moyen des patients dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s Ă©tait de 63,6 ans (mĂ©diane Ă 66 ans). La tranche dâĂąge la plus intĂ©ressĂ©e Ă©tait celle entre 61 et 80 ans. La mortalitĂ© Ă©tait opĂ©ratoire dans 0,8%. Il existait des facteurs de co-morbiditĂ© dans 28% des cas. Le cancer Ă©tait la cause du dĂ©cĂšs dans 51,5% des cas. Le cancer de la prostate Ă©tait la cause de dĂ©cĂšs dans 32 cas (47,1%), le cancer de la vessie dans 16 cas (23,5%), le cancer du rein dans 14 cas (20,6%), le cancer du testicule dans 4 cas (5,8%) et le cancer de la verge dans 2 cas (2,9%). La mortalitĂ© par les affections non cancĂ©reuses Ă©tait dominĂ©e par la rĂ©tention chronique dâurine et les phlegmons des organes gĂ©nitaux externes.
Conclusion: Dans notre centre, la mortalité spécifique reste élevée et les causes sont dominées par les cancers urologiques
Sarcome Ă cellules fusiformes du rein de lâadulte : A propos dâun cas
Introduction: Le sarcome rĂ©nal est une tumeur maligne exceptionnelle chez lâadulte. Il est caractĂ©risĂ© par une Ă©volution agressive marquĂ©e par un taux Ă©levĂ© de rĂ©cidive et de mortalitĂ©.
Observation: Nous rapportons un cas de sarcome rĂ©nal Ă cellules fusiformes chez un patient de 69 ans. Une nĂ©phrectomie Ă©largie droite a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e. Il nây a pas eu de traitement complĂ©mentaire. Il nâa pas Ă©tĂ© notĂ© de rĂ©cidive avec un recul de 8 mois.
Conclusion: Le SCCR, bien quâil soit connu comme Ă©tant de mauvais pronostic, peut ĂȘtre guĂ©rri