STUDI KOMPARASI PENDAPATAN PETANI LOKAL DENGAN PETANI MODERN PADI SAWAH DI DESA MEKARJAYA, KECAMATAN KIARAPEDES, KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA

Sistem pertanian di Indonesia berawal dari sistem pertanian lokal yang masih menggunakan budaya dan adat istiadat pada tata cara usahataninya. Namun, seiring dengan berjalannya waktu sistem pertanian di Indonesia sudah mulai bergeser lebih modern dengan meninggalkan budaya dan adat istiadat, penggunaan bahan kimia seperti pupuk dan pestisida juga sudah dilakukan oleh petani untuk membantu meningkatkan produksi padi. Petani di desa Mekarjaya sudah beralih ke sistem pertanian modern, namun masih ada pula petani yang tidak meninggalkan adat dan budaya dalam tata cara usahatani mereka.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pendapatan petani padi sawah sistem pertanian lokal dengan sistem pertanian modern di Desa Mekarjaya. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah inferensial kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 70 responden diambil dari populasi menggunakan simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistik yaitu Independent sample t – test.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pertanian lokal dan sistem pertanian modern tidak memiliki perbedaan dari usahataninya. Namun, perbedaan terletak pada tata cara dan adat istiadat yang masih dilakukan petani lokal seperti penggunaan sesajen. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pendapatan per hektar petani lokal dengan petani modern.Kata Kunci: Pertanian lokal, pertanian modern, padi, , pendapata

Этические и правовые вопросы использования гемотрансфузий в хирургической практике

The article presents the ethical, legal and health problems associated with blood transfusion in surgical practice. The authors believe that practical solutions of the ethical and legal conflicts between patient and physician related to blood transfusion, is the organization of bloodless surgery centers.В статье представлены этические, юридические и медицинские проблемы, связанные с гемотрансфузией в хирургической практике. Авторы считают, что практическим решением устранения этических и юридических конфликтов между пациентом и врачом, связанных с гемотрансфузией, является организация центров бескровной хирургии

"Provisional-T" стентирование: возможные факторы риска

Presented by the study, which included 68 patients suffering from coronary artery disease and having a true bifurcation stenosis of the coronary arteries. Which. All patients correction of bifurcation lesions was carried out using the technique «provisional T» stenting. Analysis of clinical histories and angiographic characteristics of patients allowed to identify possible risk factors in the performance of «provisional T» stenting, the most significant of which is the angle of bifurcation of 2,1 mm, calcification of both branches of the bifurcation, the diameter of the lateral branch > 2,3 mm, presence of diabetes and the degree of risk on a scale of SYNTAX.Представлено исследование, в которое вошли 68 пациентов, больных ИБС и имеющих истинные бифуркационные стенозы коронарных артерий. Всем пациентам коррекция бифуркационных поражений проводилась с помощью методики «provisional-T» стентирования. Анализ клинико-анамнестических и ангиографических характеристик пациентов позволил выявить возможные факторы риска при выполнении «provisional T» стентирования, наиболее значимыми из которых являются угол бифуркации 2,1 мм, кальциноз обеих ветвей бифуркации, диаметр боковой ветви > 2,3 мм, наличие сахарного диабета и степень риска по шкале SYNTAX

A second look at autopericardial mitral annuloplasty

Objective: To compare total pericardial mitral annuloplasty (PeMA) and total prosthetic mitral annuloplasty (PrMA) in terms of durability in the treatment of degenerative, ischemic functional and non-ischemic functional mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data of 280 patients who received either PeMA (50.4%) or PrMA (with Carpentier-Edwards Physio rings; 49.6%) after valvuloplasty between 2008 and 2015. Combined procedures included: 40 CABG (PeMA 18, PrMA 22); 13 ablations with left atrial appendectomy (PrMA 8, PrMA 5); 7 tricuspid valve repairs (PeMA 2, PrMA 5); 9 closures of atrial septal defect (PeMA 3, PrMA 6). Results: Thirty-day mortality was 0.4%. Mean follow-up was 95.7% complete at 83.4 ± 13.0 months. The procedures were comparable in terms of 7 years: Freedom from reoperation and recurrent MR = 2+/3+ (PeMA 96.3%; PrMA 96.4%; p = 0.914); freedom from complications (PeMA 86.5%; PrMA 89.2%; p = 0.174); survival (PeMA 96.5%; PrMA 97.8%; p = 0.238). Overall 7-year survival was 97.1%. Old-age and concomitant CAD were significant predictors of reoperation and recurrent MR = 2+/3+ (p = 0.027; HR = 1.131 and p = 0.030; HR = 2.002 respectively) and independent predictive factors for poor survival (p = 0.029; HR = 4.251 and p = 0.040; HR = 1.135 respectively) by multivariate analysis. High preoperative LVEF was independently related to a lower risk of reoperation and recurrence of MR = 2+/3+ (p = 0.006; HR = 0.786) and better survival (p = 0.013; HR = 0.718) by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: With a reliable valvuloplasty, pericardial ring can be as durable as Physio ring and possibly surpass it with better methods of fixation. Cost-wise, pericardial ring is a better choice as it s free whilst Physio ring costs about $600. Prosthetic rings are not always associated with endocarditis, thromboembolism, valve calcification or hemolytic anemia. © 2020, CKS