Integrative genetic map of repetitive DNA in the sole Solea senegalensis genome shows a Rex transposon located in a proto-sex chromosome

Repetitive sequences play an essential role in the structural and functional evolution of the genome, particularly in the sexual chromosomes. The Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) is a valuable flatfish in aquaculture albeit few studies have addressed the mapping and characterization of repetitive DNA families. Here we analyzed the Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) and Transposable elements (TEs) content from fifty-seven BAC clones (spanning 7.9 Mb) of this species, located in chromosomes by multiple fluorescence in situ hybridization (m-BAC-FISH) technique. The SSR analysis revealed an average density of 675.1 loci per Mb and a high abundance (59.69%) of dinucleotide coverage was observed, being 'AC' the most abundant. An SSR-FISH analysis using eleven probes was also carried out and seven of the 11 probes yielded positive signals. 'AC' probes were present as large clusters in almost all chromosomes, supporting the bioinformatic analysis. Regarding TEs, DNA transposons (Class II) were the most abundant. In Class I, LINE elements were the most abundant and the hAT family was the most represented in Class II. Rex/Babar subfamily, observed in two BAC clones mapping to chromosome pair 1, showed the longest match. This chromosome pair has been recently reported as a putative sexual proto-chromosome in this species, highlighting the possible role of the Rex element in the evolution of this chromosome. In the Rex1 phylogenetic tree, the Senegalese sole Rex1 retrotransposon could be associated with one of the four major ancient lineages in fish genomes, in which it is included O. latipes

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, antes e seis meses após a revascularização do miocárdio Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud antes y seis meses después de la revascularización miocárdica Health-related quality of life before and six months after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) visa melhorar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS), aliviar sintomas e aumentar a sobrevida. Objetivou-se comparar a QVRS antes e seis meses após CRM e avaliar a sua relação com idade, sexo, escolaridade e estado civil. Estudo descritivo e longitudinal que utilizou o SF-36 para avaliar a QVRS. Entre os 54 sujeitos, 53,7% eram homens, 66,7% casados, com idade média de 57,3+9,7 anos e 5,7+4 anos de escolaridade. Após a CRM as médias dos domínios do SF-36 variaram de 62 a 74,2 sendo o intervalo anterior de 17,1 a 58,1. Homens apresentaram melhor avaliação da QVRS antes e após a CRM do que as mulheres, mas as diferenças foram estatisticamente significantes apenas para Estado geral de saúde e Dor. Não se constatou associação entre QVRS, escolaridade e estado civil. Concluiu-se que a CRM melhorou a QVRS dos participantes.<br>La cirugía de revascularización del miocardio (CRVM) busca ofrecer una mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS), aliviar los síntomas de angina y aumentar la sobrevida. Los objetivos foi comparar la CVRS antes y seis meses después de la CRVM y evaluar su relación con la edad, sexo, escolaridad y estado civil. Estudio descriptivo y longitudinal, que utilizó el SF-36 para evaluar la CVRS. Entre los 54 participantes, 53,7% eran hombres, 66,7% casados, con edad media de 57,3+9,7 años y 5,7+4 años de escolaridad. Después de la CRVM las medias de los dominios del SF-36 variaron de 62 a 74,2 siendo el intervalo anterior de 17,1 a 58,1. Hombres presentaron mejor evaluación de CVRS antes e después de la CRVM que las mujeres, entretanto las diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas sólo para Estado General de salud y Dolor. No se encontró asociación entre CVRS, escolaridad y estado civil. Las conclusión es que la CRVM mejoró la CVRS de los participantes.<br>Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery aims at offering a better health-related quality of life (HRQL), relieving symptoms and increasing survival .The objectives were to compare HRQL before CABG and six months after it and to evaluate its relation concerning participants' age, sex, schooling and marital status. Descriptive and longitudinal study, which used the SF-36 to evaluate HRQL. Among the 54 subjects, 53,7% were men, 66,7% of them were married, their average age was of 57,3+9,7 and their schooling of 5,7+4. After CABG, the scores of the domains of the SF-36 varied from 62 to 74,2 being the previous interval from 17,1 to 58,1. Men showed a better evaluation towards HRQL before and after CABG than women, but the differences were only statistically significant for General Health and Bodily pain. No association between HRQL, schooling and marital status was stated. In conclusion, the CABG improved participants' HRQL

Qualidade de vida e saúde: aspectos conceituais e metodológicos Quality of life and health: conceptual and methodological issues

O conceito qualidade de vida tem suscitado pesquisas e cresce a sua utilização nas práticas desenvolvidas nos serviços de saúde, por equipes profissionais que atuam junto a usuários acometidos por enfermidades diversas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever a evolução histórica e tecer algumas considerações sobre aspectos conceituais e metodológicos do conceito qualidade de vida (QV) no campo da saúde. Baseando-se na revisão da literatura, dois aspectos do termo são destacados no plano conceitual: subjetividade e multidimensionalidade. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, uma tendência significativa tem sido a construção e/ou adaptação de instrumentos de medida e de avaliação da QV. Conclui-se que os esforços teórico-metodológicos têm contribuído para a clarificação e relativa maturidade do conceito. Trata-se de um construto eminentemente interdisciplinar, o que implica a contribuição de diferentes áreas do conhecimento para o seu aprimoramento conceitual e metodológico. Sua utilização, portanto, pode contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade e da integralidade da assistência na perspectiva da saúde como direito de cidadania.<br>The quality of life (QL) concept has led to extensive scientific research and has been increasingly used by health care professionals treating a wide range of diseases. This paper addresses the historical use of the concept and specific issues linked to conceptual and methodological aspects of the QL construct within the health care context. Reviewing the literature, two aspects stand out: subjectivity and multidimensionality. In the methodological field, the construction and/or adaptation of QL measurement instruments appear as a significant trend. Theoretical and methodological efforts have helped clarify and improve the concept's adequacy. The QL construct is definitely interdisciplinary, encompassing contributions by different areas of knowledge and research, thereby improving its conceptual and methodological potential as a research instrument. Therefore, use of the concept can actually help improve both the quality and the integrated, multidimensional nature of health care from a perspective that views the latter as a basic citizen's right