PERAN WORD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) DALAM PERLINDUNGAN LINGKUNGAN DI ERA LIBERALISASI PERDAGANGAN

Peran World Trade Organization dalam mengatur jalannya transaksi perdagangan internasional sangat penting, tidak terkecuali perdagangan yang melibatkan isu lingkungan. Mengingat, dewasa ini liberalisasi perdagangan kerap menjadi alasan pembenar untuk melewati batas perlindungan lingkungan. Artikel ini berfokus pada kajian terkait upaya perlindungan lingkungan oleh WTO di era liberalisasi perdagangan. Metode penelitian dalam artikel ini dilakukan secara yuridis-normatif dan menggunakan data sekunder atau literature review. Hasil kajian artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa perdagangan internasional dan perlindungan lingkungan merupakan dua substansi yang berjalan beriringan. Dalam konteks liberalisasi perdagangan internasional di bidang lingkungan, peran WTO melalui kebijakannya telah mengatur agar perdagangan internasional tidak merusak ekosistem lingkungan (sustainable development) dan pembatasan perdagangan di bidang lingkungan tidak memutus mata rantai transaksi internasional. Salah satu upaya dalam perlindungan lingkungan ialah dengan penerapan eco-label untuk produk kemasan. Namun, di sisi lain dengan adanya liberalisasi perdagangan yang merambah sampai di bidang lingkungan sedikit banyak berimplikasi pada lingkungan trofis seperti negara Indonesia

DILALAH MANTHUQ AND MAFHUM IN THE IMAM SYAFI'I PERSPECTIVE

If traced the meaning contained in each verse of the Qur’an , it turns out that many verses still need a deeper explanation of the law contained in the verse. This means that the verses of the Qur’an not only provide a direct and clear understanding, but there are verses of the Qur’an whose meaning is implied in them. The lafaz instructions for meaning are sometimes based on the sound (manthuq) of the spoken word, both explicitly and possibly containing other meanings in it. And sometimes based on understanding (mafhum) both the law in accordance with the law manthuq or contradictory. This is what is called Manthuq and Mafhum

FENOMENA PERKAWINAN DI BAWAH UMUR PERSPEKTIF AL-MASLAHAH MURSALAH

This research is motivated by the researcher's attention to the phenomenon of underage marriage in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency. Based on data in 2019 the number of underage marriages reached 9 people and in 2020 the number of underage marriages reached 3 people, in addition, from the marriage registration data above, currently, there are 3 underage marriage couples who have a marriage certificate and 9 couples others do not have a marriage certificate. The focus studied in this thesis is (1) what are the factors causing the phenomenon of underage marriage in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency? (2) what are the impacts of the phenomenon of underage marriage in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency? (3) how is the phenomenon of underage marriage from the perspective of al-maslahah mursalah in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency? This type of research uses qualitative research and uses an empirical juridical approach and a sociological approach; the data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. While the analytical method used is a qualitative analysis method. The results of this study indicate that (1) the factors causing the phenomenon of underage marriage in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency include: (a) low education factors; (b) cultural or environmental factors; (c) social media factors, ( d) the factor of getting pregnant out of wedlock (married by assent). (2) the impact of the phenomenon of underage marriage in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency, namely, positive and negative impacts. (3) the phenomenon of underage marriage from the perspective of al-maslahah mursalah in Jelantik Village, Jonggat District, Central Lombok Regency, al-maslahah mursalah can be an option in exploring and finding legal arguments such as filing a marriage dispensation for marriage registration, administratively it will provide benefits for people in marriage and can be registered legally formally by VAT. Maslahah is the goal of Islamic law; thus, where there is goodness, there is a benefit. In addition, not all underage marriages cause harm, as the researchers found in this thesis, namely, pregnant out of wedlock (MBA) and can no longer be separated so if they are not married, it will cause bigger problems. Based on this description, it can be understood that underage marriage from the perspective of al-maslahah mursalah provides a solution by way of a marriage dispensation in order to realize the benefits of underage marriage and for the sake of creating welfare for the community

Quality assurance manual: Academic programme collaboration

I the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Universe. Peace and blessings on Prophet Muhammad, the messenger of God. The objective of developing this quality assurance manual for academic programme collaboration of Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) is to guide the operation of academic collaboration between UMo and other institutions of higher education. The manual is in tandem with the calture of Qualiti Management Sysytems towards delivering high quality academic programmes and graduates according to the vision and mission of the university. The manual is in the family of CAIC series under Quality Assurance Manual