Oscillation and Periodicity of a Second Order Impulsive Delay Differential Equation with a Piecewise Constant Argument

summary:This paper concerns with the existence of the solutions of a second order impulsive delay differential equation with a piecewise constant argument. Moreover, oscillation, nonoscillation and periodicity of the solutions are investigated

Effects of Addition of Preoperative Intravenous Ibuprofen to Pregabalin on Postoperative Pain in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery

Objective. Ibuprofen and pregabalin both have independent positive effects on postoperative pain. The aim of the study is researching effect of 800 mg i.v. ibuprofen in addition to preoperative single dose pregabalin on postoperative analgesia and morphine consumption in posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Materials and Methods. 42 adult ASA I-II physical status patients received 150 mg oral pregabalin 1 hour before surgery. Patients received either 250 ml saline with 800 mg i.v. ibuprofen or saline without ibuprofen 30 minutes prior to the surgery. Postoperative analgesia was obtained by morphine patient controlled analgesia (PCA) and 1 g i.v. paracetamol every six hours. PCA morphine consumption was recorded and postoperative pain was evaluated by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in postoperative recovery room, at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th, 36th, and 48th hours. Results. Postoperative pain was significantly lower in ibuprofen group in recovery room, at the 1st, 2nd, 36th, and 48th hours. Total morphine consumption was lower in ibuprofen group at the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, and 48th hours. Conclusions. Multimodal analgesia with preoperative ibuprofen added to preoperative pregabalin safely decreases postoperative pain and total morphine consumption in patients having posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery, without increasing incidences of bleeding or other side effects

Surface and mid-water sources of organic carbon by photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic production in the Black Sea

The multilayered surface waters of the Black Sea contain aerobic, suboxic and anoxic layers that support both photoautotrophic (PP) and chemoautotrophic (ChP) biological production. During the R/V Knorr cruise in May-June 2001, phytoplankton biomass (represented as chlorophyll-a), photo autotrophic and chemoautotrophic production (ChP) rates were determined in the western Black Sea. Integrated chlorophyll-a concentrations in the euphotic zone were as low as 2.2 mg m(-2) in the central gyre, while they were as high as 19.9mg m(-2) in the NW shelf region. Integrated photoautotrophic production rates ranged from 112 to 355mg C m(-2) d(-1). The lowest values were determined in the central gyre and the highest values were found at the shelf-break station near the Bosphorus, the NW shelf/shelf-break area and in the Sevastopol eddy. Primary production and chlorophyll-a data revealed that post-bloom conditions existed during this sampling period. Bioassay experiments showed that under optimum light conditions, photo autotrophic production was nitrogen-limited. ChP increased in the redox transition zone and coincided with the lower boundary of the fine particle layer. The maximum values were shallower (at sigma(theta) = 16.25) in the central gyre and deeper (at sigma(theta) = 16.5) in the shelf-break region near Sakarya Canyon. Integrated ChP rates were 63 and 1930 mg C m(-2) d(-1), which were equivalent to 30% and 89% of the overall water-column production for the central gyre and Sakarya Canyon regions, respectively

The effect of intravenous administration of ondansetron on analgesia time of caudal block in circumcision cases: A randomized controlled trial

We investigate whether there was any effect of intravenous ondansetron administered for postoperative nausea vomiting prophylaxis on the duration of caudal block action in patients who undergo circumcision surgery. 66 ASA III patients aged 4 to 10 and scheduled for circumcision surgery were included in this prospective, randomized controlled study. We administered 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron IV to Group Ondansetron patients before caudal block and same amount of serum physiologic for Group Control patients. After anesthesia induction caudal block with 1 ml/kg 0.25% bupivacaine administered. We evaluated postoperative analgesia durations in each group. There were no difference between groups for number of patients which were painless for first 4 hours and 8 hours, total analgesic requirements for first 24 hours, total time for first analgesic requirements. We concluded that iv ondansetron given at 0.1 mg/kg dose before caudal block with bupivacaine can be used safely without a significant effect on the duration of block-induced analgesia. [Med-Science 2018; 7(2.000): 303-5

EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS OF COMMON WHEAT DURING GRAIN FILLING STAGE

Wheat (T. aestivum) has a crucial role for human diet especially in developing countries. Changes in precipitation intensity, amounts and patterns restrict wheat growth and productivity under rainfed conditions. Thus, assessment of drought effects during growth stages of wheat on grain yield and quality traits has substantial importance. Grain filling stage, coincides with early spring when the rainfall pattern highly variable, was considered in this study to evaluate effects of drought conditions on yield and quality of 16 wheat genotypes and determine superior varieties. Drought treatment inhibited plant height (5.5 %), 1000 grain weight (9.2 %) and grain yield (17.7 %) while harvest index increased (8.5 %). However, there was no significant effect of drought conditions on grains number spike(-1) and spike numbers m(-2). Protein content increased (31.6 %) in all genotypes, while the Zeleny sedimentation significantly decreased (8.2 %) with drought treatments during both growing seasons. Cultivars Pandas and Meta had higher grain yield under drought stress in both years whereas Line-28 and Pandas had better quality properties.Research Fund of TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [113O893]The authors thank the Research Fund of TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) for their financial support (Project No. 113O893)

A Rare Complication of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Tension Pneumothorax

Chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be traumatic. We report a rare complication of CPR in which the patient experienced 2 rib fractures associated with tension pneumothorax. An 83 year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic renal disease was accepted with respiratory insufficiency. In a few minutes, he developed hypotension, bradycardia, and hypoxia. As a consequence of cardiac arrest, basic life support was performed. It was realized that the left side of the chest had little movement while the right side was hyperexpanded. Chest radiograph showed a right sided pneumothorax. A 14G intravenous cannula was inserted through the second right intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line. Afterwards an intercostal tube was inserted in the same place. Nevertheless, the patient died approximately 30 hours after admission. Tension pneumothorax is a well known complication of intermittent-positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) and chronic lung disease. Tension pneumothorax may be difficult to diagnose and therefore, maybe missed during a complex resuscitation attempt. Since diagnosis is difficult during ongoing resuscitation, either a chest tube or intercostal cutdown can be considered following needle thoracocentesis to exclude tension pneumothorax as a probable cause of refractory cardiac arrest in high-risk patients. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 734-7

Continuous Spinal Anesthesia for Hip Fracture Surgery in a very Old Patient With Pulmoner Hypertension

Elderly patients have increased risk for perioperative and postoperative mortality and morbidity due to additional comorbidities, such as cardiac diseases. Anesthesia and surgery in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality, and elective surgeries should generally be avoided fort this reason. Anesthesia and surgery are associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality in patients with PH due mainly to right ventricular failure, arrhythmias, postoperative hypoxemia, and myocardial ischemia. Regional anesthesia techniques are usually preferred in high-risk patients due to some advantages, such as the maintenance of cardiovascular stability and early postoperative mobilisation. This case presents the anaesthetic approach in a 87-year-old male patient with atrial fibrilation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension who underwent hip fracture surgery. In the present case, continuous spinal anesthesia with low-dose hyperbaric bupivacaine provided safe and effective anaesthesia during surgery with minimal haemodynamic changes and analgesia during the first 24 hours after surgery. [Med-Science 2016; 5(2.000): 742-6