Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Bilişim Sisteminin Bir Alt Sistemi Olarak E-Okul Uygulamasına İlişkin İlköğretim Okullarındaki Yönetici, Öğretmen, Öğrenci ve Veli Görüşleri: Bir Durum Çalışması

The aim of this study was to analyze school principals, teachers, students and their parents’ views on Ministry of National Education e-School System. In this qualitative study, data colleting methods were semistructured individual and focus group interviews which were based on open-ended questions, metaphors and document analysis of drawings by students. The sample consisted of 3 principals, 11 subject teachers, 6 students and 6 parents. In this study, data were analyzed via qualitative data analysis methods (content analysis). The most important result obtained from this research was that principals, teachers, students and parents were generally satisfied with using those systems. However, they thought that those systems would be more functional with some arrangements.Bu araştırmanın amacı yöneticilerin, öğretmenlerin, öğrencilerin ve velilerin Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı e-Okul Sistemi’ne ilişkin görüşlerini tespit etmektir. Nitel bir araştırma olan bu çalışmada veri toplama yöntemleri: açık uçlu sorulara dayanan yarı yapılandırılmış bireysel ve odak grup görüşmeleri, metafor ve öğrenci çizimlerine dayalı doküman analizidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 3 yönetici, 11 branş öğretmeni, 6 öğrenci ve 6 veli oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada veriler nitel veri analiz yöntemlerinden (içerik analizi) yararlanarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen en önemli sonuç yöneticiler, öğretmenler, öğrenciler ve velilerin genel anlamda bu sistemleri kullanmaktan memnun olmalarıdır. Ancak bazı düzenlemelerle sistemlerin daha işlevsel olacağı düşünülmektedi

Self-medication with antibiotics: questionnaire survey among primary care center attendants

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and reasons for self-medication with antibiotics within the last 12 months among primary healthcare center attendants aged 18 or over, in Ankara. Methods A questionnaire was applied by face to face interview technique to 2696 subjects attending at five primary healthcare centers. Information on demographic characteristics, intention to self-medication with antibiotics and self-medication within last 12 months were collected. Results It was found that 28% of the subjects were storing antibiotics at home. The percentage of self-administering antibiotics was 19.1% in the last 12 months. The most common reasons for self-administration of antibiotics were sore throat (59.6%), fever (46.2%), and cough (40.0%). Other reasons were dental infection, rheumatism, and fatigue. According to age groups, the most common self-medicating group was those aged 40–49 with 23% while the least self-usage was in the 60–69 age groups with 11.8%. Male sex, being single, educational level of secondary school or higher, being employed and not having social security increased self-administration of antibiotics ( p<0.05). Conclusions The study indicated the need for legal regulations regarding the sale of antibiotics without prescription and, health education is required for the community to decrease the inappropriate use of antibiotics and self-medication

Serum Paraoxonase, Arylesterase, and GlutathioneS-Transferase Activities and Oxidative Stress Levels in Patients with Mushroom Poisoning

OBJECTIVES: Consumption of toxic species of mushrooms may have detrimental effects and increase oxidative stress. Paraoxonase, arylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase are antioxidants that resist oxidative stress. In this study, we analyzed the changes in these enzymes during intoxication due to mushrooms. METHODS: The study enrolled 49 adult patients with a diagnosis of mushroom poisoning according to clinical findings and 49 healthy volunteers as the control group. The patients with mild clinical findings were hospitalized due to the possibility that the patient had also eaten the mushrooms and due to clinical findings in the late period, which could be fatal. Paraoxonase, arylesterase, and glutathione-S-transferase concentrations, as well as total antioxidant and oxidant status, were determined in the 49 patients and 49 healthy volunteers by taking blood samples in the emergency department. RESULTS: While paraoxonase, arylesterase, and total antioxidant status were significantly decreased in the patient group (po0.05), glutathione-S-transferase, total oxidant status and the oxidative stress index were significantly higher (po0.05). There was a positive correlation between the hospitalization time and the oxidative stress index (r=0.752, po0.001), whereas a negative correlation was found with glutathione-S-transferase (r=-0.420, p=0.003). CONCLUSION: We observed a significant decrease in paraoxonase and arylesterase and an increase in glutathione-S-transferase and oxidative stress indexes in patients with mushroom poisoning, indicating that these patients had an oxidative status. In particular, a low total antioxidant status and high oxidative stress index may gain importance in terms of the assessment of hospitalization duration

Apsces u mozgu belog west highland terijera izazvan bakterijom Trueperella pyogenes

Cerebral abscesses are occasionally seen in animals, however are rare in dogs. Among the pyogenic bacteria causing cerebral abscesses Trueperella pyogenes is relatively scarce. In this report, a case of T. pyogenes induced cerebral abscess in a West Highland White Terrier was presented with histopathological and bacteriological findings. Two foci of cerebral abscesses located at the level of the thalamus, and the frontal and temporal lobes were described on necropsy. Severe suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis were noted on microscopic view. T. pyogenes was isolated and identified in bacteriological investigation. This report states that T. pyogenes can be a causative agent of cerebral abscesses in dogs.Cerebralni apscesi se povremeno nalaze kod životinja, međutim retko se sreću kod pasa. Pored ostalih piogenih bakterija koje izazivaju cerebralne apscese, relativno retko se nalazi Trueperella pyogenes vrsta. U radu je prikazan slučaj cerebranog apscesa kod belog West Highland terijera, izazvan sa Trueperella pyogenes, zajedno sa histopatološkim i bakteriološkim nalazima. Prilikom obdukcije, opisana su dva fokusa cerebralnih apscesa, locirana na nivou talamusa uz opis frontalnih i tempralnih lobusa. Prilikom mikroskopskog pregleda, uočeni su težak gnojni meningoencefalitis i ventrikulitis. Bakteriološkim pregledom, identifi kovan je Trueperella pyogenes. Ovaj izveštaj ukazuje da Trueperella pyogenes može da bude etiološki faktor cerebralnih apscesa kod pasa

Prevalencija ovčje estroze (Oestrus ovis Linnaeus, 1761, Diptera: Oestridae) i rizični čimbenici njezina širenja u istočnoj Turskoj.

This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence, larval burden and some risk factors of ovine oestrosis in 328 heads of randomly selected sheep slaughtered in one year at Van, eastern Turkey. Of the total heads, 127 (38.71 %) were infested with Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1761, Diptera: Oestridae) larvae. The prevalence of O. ovis was 51.68 % in summer, 40.69 % in spring, 35.80 % in autumn, and 23.61 % in winter. The differences between seasons were statistically significant (P<0.05). Out of a total of 511 larvae collected, 17 % were L1, 29 % L2, and 54 % L3 larvae. All three larval instars were observed in all study months, apart from the fact that no first-stage larvae were seen in December and March. The overall larval intensity for the infested sheep was 4.02, with 3.42 in spring, 3.80 in summer, 4.03 in autumn and 5.82 in winter. The infestation rates were 41.26 % in female and 34.42 % in male sheep. The infestation rate in sheep less than 2-years-old was 23.33 %, in those 2 to 4 years-old 36.42 % and inj those older than 4 years old 48.43 %. Sheep with dark head color had a higher risk than sheep with white and spotted heads (P<0.05).Ovo istraživanje provedeno je radi procjene prevalencije, opterećenja ličinkama i čimbenika rizika estroze u 328 nasumično odabranih ovaca na klaonici u Van-u u istočnoj Turskoj. Od toga broja je 127 ovaca (38,71%) bilo invadirano ličinkama ovčjeg štrka Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1761, Diptera: Oestridae). Prevalencija O. ovis iznosila je 51,68 % ljeti, 40,69 % u proljeće, 35,80 % u jesen i 23,61 % zimi. Sezonske razlike bile su statistički signifikantne (P<0,05). Od ukupno 511 prikupljenih ličinaka 17 % bile su ličinke L1, 29% L2 te 54 % L3. Razvoj svih triju stupnjeva ličinaka bio je promatran svaki mjesec tijekom istraživanja, osim što ličinke prvog stupnja nisu bile ustanovljene u prosincu i ožujku. Prosječna jačina invazije po ovci iznosila je 4,02: na proljeće 3,42, ljeti 3,80, u jesen 4,03 te zimi 5,82. Stupanj invazije iznosio je 41,26% u ovaca i 34,42% u ovnova. Stupanj invazije u životinja mlađih od 2 godine iznosio je 23,33%, u onih u dobi od 2 do 4 godine bio je 36,42 %, a u onih starijih od 4 godine bio je 48,43 %. Ovce s tamnom bojom dlake na glavi imale su veći rizik od oboljevanja u usporedbi s ovcama koje su imale bijelu ili šarenu glavu (P<0,05)

Mushroom poisoning: retrospective analysis of 294 cases

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to present special clinical and laboratory features of 294 cases of mushroom poisoning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 294 patients admitted to the Pediatric and Adult Emergency, Internal Medicine and ICU Departments of Cumhuriyet University Hospital were investigated. RESULTS: Of 294 patients between the ages of 3 and 72 (28.97 ± 19.32), 173 were female, 121 were male and 90 were under the age of 16 years. One hundred seventy-three patients (58.8%) had consumed the mushrooms in the early summer. The onset of mushroom toxicity symptoms was divided into early (within 6 h after ingestion) and delayed (6 h to 20 d). Two hundred eighty-eight patients (97.9%) and six (2.1%) patients had early and delayed toxicity symptoms, respectively. The onset of symptoms was within two hours for 101 patients (34.3%). The most common first-noticed symptoms were in the gastrointestinal system. The patients were discharged within one to ten days. Three patients suffering from poisoning caused by wild mushrooms died from fulminant hepatic failure. CONCLUSION: Education of the public about the consumption of mushrooms and education of health personnel working in health centers regarding early treatment and transfer to hospitals with appropriate facilities are important for decreasing the mortality

Diagnosis and treatment of umbilical cord-derived tetanus in neonatal calves

In this study, umbilical cord-derived neonatal tetanus in calves was identified in Turkey. Four calves with tetanus-specific history and clinical findings were used. Blood samples were taken before and after treatment, and clinical findings were recorded. A tetanus-specific treatment procedure was performed. However, the calves died from not responding to treatment. Pretreatment white blood cell, peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocyte, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined to be high. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, CK, and LDH activities were found to increase after treatment compared to before treatment. Gram-positive terminal spore-forming bacilli were observed in bacterioscopic examination of the necrotic tissue and swab samples from the umbilical cord region. The umbilical cord region was determined to be infected in all calves. In histopathological examination, pyogranuloma formation was observed in the wound area, and in Gram staining agents morphologically concordant with Clostridium tetani in necrotic material were observed. Blood serum of the calves was inoculated into mice. All mice died within 2 days after the inoculation, showing tetanus-specific clinical findings. As a result, bacterioscopy and histopathology of the umbilical cord region may be useful for diagnosis in addition to clinical findings. Mice trials may be used in confirming the diagnosis

Giant Hydatid Cyst Originating from Psoas Muscle Extending to the Iliac Bone, Inguinal, and Femoral Canals: A Case Report and Current Literature Review

Retroperitoneal hydatid cysts are extremely rare and difficult to distinguish from other intra-abdominal pathologies, such as synovial sarcoma. In this study, we present a rare case of a complicated retroperitoneal hydatid cyst originating from the psoas muscle without any other focus. A 59-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient clinic with complaints of constipation and a feeling of gradually increasing swelling in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen and left groin area, progressing toward the left leg. In the examinations performed, a multiloculated giant hydatid cyst that filled the left pelvis in the retroperitoneal region, deviated the intra-abdominal organs to the right side, and extended to the left femoral and inguinal canals was detected. The patient underwent surgical excision and was followed up during the postoperative period. No evidence of recurrence was found at the patient’s 3rd and 6th month follow-ups. Primary muscle hydatid cysts necessitate a distinct approach to treatment and management when compared with hydatid cysts in other bodily organs. While recurrences remain a potential concern after resection, it is noteworthy that the window for the formation of fertile cysts typically spans up to 10 months. Thus, it is advisable to conduct regular postoperative follow-up examinations during the first year following surgery to ensure comprehensive monitoring and care