14 research outputs found
Efficiency of organ-saving operations conducted about early postpartum uterine bleeding and their influence on the quality of womenβs lives
Objective: to study the long-term eff ects of massive blood loss in parturition and the early postpartum period on the reproductive function and psychological status of women.Materials and methods: the study included 49 women who were imposed compressive hemostatic sutures in the uterus due to the development of early postpartum hemorrhage. It was carried out a retrospectiveanalysis of medical records, prospective survey - 46 women, tested scales postpartum depression - 46 women and assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 scales - 36 women.Results: the effi ciency of the compression joints method was 98 % (100 % exclusion criteria were coagulopathic obstetric bleeding), in 1 case the application of compression joints was ineff ective, which required uterus extirpation. In 14 women out of 48 (29.1 %), menstrual irregularities were revealed. In 28 (61.5 %) women, postnatal depression was confi rmed. In 30 out of 36 (87 %) women were found to decrease in quality of life. In 8 (16.7 %) women, a recurrent spontaneous pregnancy occurred within 2 years aft er suturing.Conclusion.Β Compression sutures remain an effective method for stopping postpartum uterine bleeding, allowing women to maintain fertility. However, some factors, including high blood loss, can signifi cantly reduce the quality of womenβs lives
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
A rare variant of pathology associated, with combined, herpetic infection, involving in the joint process and the formation of reactive arthritis, is considered. A clinical case of reactive arthritis associated, with combined, herpetic infection in a child. 1 year and. 9 months is demonstrated. The indicators of the main laboratory markers of herpesvirus activity are given, the changes in the patient's complaints and. the patient's condition are tracked. The changes in the patient's complaints and. the patient's condition are monitored. Laboratory research is subject to instrumental research methods. Possible therapeutic approaches are discussed, with the use of antiviral drugs, glucocorticosteroids, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° 1 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° 9 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π². ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ-Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²
Monitoring of the roll of structures of large-span sports facilities during construction
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π»Π΅Ρ, Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π²Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΈ-ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π±ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π°ΠΉ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ 5 Π΄ΠΎ 38 ΠΌ. ΠΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π°, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡ, Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ.The article describes the analysis of works on monitoring the foundation structures of a construction building and observing the tilt of vertical structures. Over a period of two years, during the construction of the facility, geometric leveling of the foundations is carried out, and the tilt of columns supporting the roof structures is observed. Tilt observations of vertical structures were conducted using two-axis inclinometers and an electronic total station. The construction site is located in an area with complex engineering and geological conditions, resulting in foundations consisting of driven piles with depths ranging from 5 to 38 m. Tilt calculations of the foundation slab were conducted based on measurements of settlement. According to tilt measurements of structures using inclinometers, the tilt increment was determined, and the relationship between the tilt changes of structures and the seasons, as well as temperature variations, was identified. An analysis of the dependency between settlement and tilt of the foundation slab, taking into account the structural features of the object, was conducted on the tilt of vertical structures
Spatial Data Analysis Based on the Results of a Set of Observations of Deformation Processes Performed Using Strain Gauges
ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².This article is devoted to the issues of observation and analysis of deformations of structures of unique objects. The article discusses the analysis of spatial data obtained using strain gauges, the calculation of loads perceived by the structure. In addition, the article presents a comparison of strain gauge data with the values of deformations obtained by geodetic methods
Concept Β«destructionΒ» and basic ways of its representation in the russian language
The article deals with the concept Β«destructionΒ» and basic ways of its representation in the Russian language. Moral and ethical and linguistic and philosophical contents of this concept are revealed, its realization on the lexical and part-of-speech level is also discussed here. Verbs as nominative units of destruction category are paid special attention to
The peculiarities of translations of official business plans from English into Russian
Β© 2019, Universidad del Zulia. All rights reserved. The subject of the present article is the general specificities in the texts of business documentation, specifically business plans and their translations from English into Russian via contextual analysis of the selected texts and systematical method. As a result, in the process of translation the plans, major errors pertain to the interchange of expansions of abbreviations and meanings of polysemies, thus, when one is mistaken for another. In conclusion, the dominant features that are embedded in English business plans are peculiar and make their translations from English into Russian technical
Paradigms in construction terminology
Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article is devoted to the consideration of the admissibility of lexical and semantic relations in terminology, about the phenomena of synonymy, polysemy and homonymy in the term system of construction, which is one of the controversial in modern terminology and has repeatedly become the subject of research by Russian linguists. The authors focus on the concept of the term as a system. It is noted that the consistency of terminology is an organic synthesis of extralinguistic and actually linguistic factors that the term is systematic, since it is included in the system of concepts of a certain field of knowledge and it is in the system that displays all the properties of the term. The main attention is paid to the consideration of the processes of paradigmatic system taking place in the modern terminological system of the construction industry, and it is proved that the terms (as well as commonly used units of the language) are subject to various lexical and semantic processes. The most active type of paradigmatic relationship is synonymy. In the studied terminology there is also a terminological ambiguity, the basic mechanisms of development of which are isomorphic
Herpes virus infections in children, associated syndromes. Clinical observation
A rare variant of pathology associated, with combined, herpetic infection, involving in the joint process and the formation of reactive arthritis, is considered. A clinical case of reactive arthritis associated, with combined, herpetic infection in a child. 1 year and. 9 months is demonstrated. The indicators of the main laboratory markers of herpesvirus activity are given, the changes in the patient's complaints and. the patient's condition are tracked. The changes in the patient's complaints and. the patient's condition are monitored. Laboratory research is subject to instrumental research methods. Possible therapeutic approaches are discussed, with the use of antiviral drugs, glucocorticosteroids, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Language personality in the bilingual context of the national linguistic world pictures
The aim of the article is the study of the socio-cultural and linguistic trends in the formation of the national language personality in the light of intercultural communication, as well as the characteristic features of the bilingual's language picture of the world. The authors used linguistic, cultural and cognitive methods to identify mental and linguistic processes in the language consciousness in bilingual communication in each language and in the process of interaction of languages, whose carrier is a bilingual person. In the multicultural space of communication intellectual activity of the bilingual is influenced by a number of factors - the social status of languages spoken by the individual, the level of proficiency in each language and language application. The article reveals socio-cultural and cognitive features of interaction of language pictures of the world of the bilingual language personality, describes the forms of inter-language interaction in the speech and intellectual activity in the conditions of natural and artificial bilingualism. If in the Russian society natural bilingualism has a long history and functions as a usual communicative environment for many people, artificial bilingualism for the subject is associated more with the predominant role of the native national picture of the world than with the picture of the world of the people being a carrier of the target language. The most frequent linguistic and cognitive processes in bilingual speech are a superposition of the two national language pictures of the world, transition from one cultural code to another, interference phenomena and intercalation. Β© Serials Publications
Language personality in the bilingual context of the national linguistic world pictures
The aim of the article is the study of the socio-cultural and linguistic trends in the formation of the national language personality in the light of intercultural communication, as well as the characteristic features of the bilingual's language picture of the world. The authors used linguistic, cultural and cognitive methods to identify mental and linguistic processes in the language consciousness in bilingual communication in each language and in the process of interaction of languages, whose carrier is a bilingual person. In the multicultural space of communication intellectual activity of the bilingual is influenced by a number of factors - the social status of languages spoken by the individual, the level of proficiency in each language and language application. The article reveals socio-cultural and cognitive features of interaction of language pictures of the world of the bilingual language personality, describes the forms of inter-language interaction in the speech and intellectual activity in the conditions of natural and artificial bilingualism. If in the Russian society natural bilingualism has a long history and functions as a usual communicative environment for many people, artificial bilingualism for the subject is associated more with the predominant role of the native national picture of the world than with the picture of the world of the people being a carrier of the target language. The most frequent linguistic and cognitive processes in bilingual speech are a superposition of the two national language pictures of the world, transition from one cultural code to another, interference phenomena and intercalation. Β© Serials Publications