Aktivnost arginaze u ovarijskim strukturama krava švicarske smeđe pasmine i njezinih križanaca.

Arginase is the last enzyme of the urea cycle. It catalyses the hydrolysis of L-arginine to L-ornitine and urea. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of arginase activity in ovarian structures such as: Graaf follicles, GF (Medium and Large size, M- and L-size), Corpus Haemorrhagicum (CH), and various types of Corpus Luteum (CL) such as: cyclic CL (CCL), 2-4 month pregnancy CL (2-4 MCL) and 4-7 month pregnancy CL (4-7 MCL). Ovarian tissues of 62 cows (7-10 years old and Brown Swiss or its cross-breeds), collected from a local slaughterhouse, were used as material. The materials were divided into 6 experimental groups, as follows: MGF group (n = 7), LGF group (n = 21), CH group (n = 7), CCL group (n = 6), 2-4 MCL group (n = 9) and 4-7 MCL group (n = 12). Arginase activities were measured as 0.056 ± 0.017, 0.100 ± 0.016, 2.517 ± 0.521, 0.827 ± 0.190, 0.674 ± 0.106 and 0.833 ± 0.093 U/mg protein in all groups, respectively. Arginase activity in the CH group was significantly higher than that in the CCL, 2-4 MCL and 4-7 MCL groups (P<0.001). The lowest enzyme activity was in the MGF and LGF groups. Hence, it was concluded that the arginase enzyme might play a crucial role in cell division, proliferation and differentiation in the ovarian tissues (especially the CH) of mature cows.Arginaza je posljednji enzim u ciklusu ureje koji katalizira hidrolizu L-arginina u L-ornitin i ureju. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi prisutnost aktivnosti arginaze u ovarijskim strukturama kao što su Graafovi folikuli, GF (srednje veliki - M i veliki - L), corpus haemorrhagicum (CH) i različiti tipovi corpus luteum (CL) kao što su ciklični (CCL), 2-4 mjeseca graviditetni (2-4 MCL) i 4-7 mjeseci graviditetni (4-7 MCL). Tkiva ovarija od 62 krave (švicarske smeđe pasmine i križanaca u dobi od 7 do 10 godina) prikupljena su u lokalnoj klaonici. Materijali su bili podijeljeni u 6 pokusnih skupina kako slijedi: MGF skupina (n = 7), LGF skupina (n = 21), CH skupina (n = 7), CCL skupina (n = 6), 2-4 MCL skupina (n = 9) i 4-7 MCL skupina (n = 12). Slijedom navedenih skupina, aktivnost arginaze bila je 0,056 ± 0,017, 0,100 ± 0,016, 2,517 ± 0,521, 0,827 ± 0,190, 0,674 ± 0,106 i 0,833 ± 0,093 U/mg. Aktivnost arginaze u CH skupini bila je signifikantno viša u odnosu na skupine CCL, 2-4 MCL i 4-7 MCL (P<0,001). Najniža aktivnost enzima bila je u skupinama MGF i LGF. Zaključeno je o mogućoj ključnoj ulozi aktivnosti enzima arginaze u diobi stanica, proliferaciji i diferencijaciji ovarijskih tkiva (osobito CH) kod odraslih krava

Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome in A Holstein Cow - Case Report

In this report, hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) was defined pathologically for the first time in Turkey in a Holstein dairy cow. It was reported that a 4-year-old cow died suddenly with symptoms of loss of appetite, decreased milk yield, dehydration, and abdominal bloating in a dairy farm. Grossly, serosa of jejunum was observed with dark red color and its lumen was completely filled with blood clots. Some parts of jejunum lumen were narrowed due to submucosal and intramural bleeding. Microscopically, necro-hemorrhagic enteritis, and eosinophilic granulocyte and mononuclear cell infiltrations with extensive submucosal hemorrhages were observed. In addition, Gram-positive, rod-shaped and endospore-forming bacteria were seen intensively around of bleeding areas in the lamina propria. The death was concluded to be associated with HBS by macroscopic and microscopic findings, characteristic for the syndrome and in accordance with the literature evaluating this case. HBS causes significant losses in dairy cattle in many countries of the world. This report aimed to point out the importance of the topic, which is the first case report of HBS in Turkey, where dairy cow enterprises are growing rapidly

Microstructure and microhardness of melt-spun Al-25Si-5Fe-XCo (X=0, 1, 3, 5) alloys

WOS: 000316536800003The microstructure and microhardness evolution of melt-spun Al-25Si-5Fe alloy with Co addition (1, 3 and 5 wt.%) were investigated. Microstructural and spectroscopic analyses demonstrate that Co could refine primary Si grains and change their morphology because it causes higher constitutional undercooling and has large mixing enthalpy with Si. Especially, 3 wt.% Co addition causes homogeneously distributed fine spherical Si particles in the rapidly solidified Al-25Si-5Fe alloy. The size of the spherical silicon particles was from around 200 to 600 nm near the wheel side region, and it varied from 800 nm to 1.3 mu m at the air side. The optimum ratio of Si and Co should be between 6 and 8.3 to form spherical Si grains in Al-25/30Si-5Fe alloys. A considerable improvement in microhardness value (from 211 to 370 HV) was obtained with the addition of Co. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110M517]; Gaziosmanpasa University Department of Scientific Research Projects (BAP)Gaziosmanpasa University [2010/111]The authors would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for funding the project (project number 110M517). The authors would also like to thank the Gaziosmanpasa University Department of Scientific Research Projects (BAP) for funding the project (project number 2010/111)

Aktivnost arginaze u ovarijskim strukturama krava švicarske smeđe pasmine i njezinih križanaca.

Arginase is the last enzyme of the urea cycle. It catalyses the hydrolysis of L-arginine to L-ornitine and urea. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of arginase activity in ovarian structures such as: Graaf follicles, GF (Medium and Large size, M- and L-size), Corpus Haemorrhagicum (CH), and various types of Corpus Luteum (CL) such as: cyclic CL (CCL), 2-4 month pregnancy CL (2-4 MCL) and 4-7 month pregnancy CL (4-7 MCL). Ovarian tissues of 62 cows (7-10 years old and Brown Swiss or its cross-breeds), collected from a local slaughterhouse, were used as material. The materials were divided into 6 experimental groups, as follows: MGF group (n = 7), LGF group (n = 21), CH group (n = 7), CCL group (n = 6), 2-4 MCL group (n = 9) and 4-7 MCL group (n = 12). Arginase activities were measured as 0.056 ± 0.017, 0.100 ± 0.016, 2.517 ± 0.521, 0.827 ± 0.190, 0.674 ± 0.106 and 0.833 ± 0.093 U/mg protein in all groups, respectively. Arginase activity in the CH group was significantly higher than that in the CCL, 2-4 MCL and 4-7 MCL groups (P<0.001). The lowest enzyme activity was in the MGF and LGF groups. Hence, it was concluded that the arginase enzyme might play a crucial role in cell division, proliferation and differentiation in the ovarian tissues (especially the CH) of mature cows.Arginaza je posljednji enzim u ciklusu ureje koji katalizira hidrolizu L-arginina u L-ornitin i ureju. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi prisutnost aktivnosti arginaze u ovarijskim strukturama kao što su Graafovi folikuli, GF (srednje veliki - M i veliki - L), corpus haemorrhagicum (CH) i različiti tipovi corpus luteum (CL) kao što su ciklični (CCL), 2-4 mjeseca graviditetni (2-4 MCL) i 4-7 mjeseci graviditetni (4-7 MCL). Tkiva ovarija od 62 krave (švicarske smeđe pasmine i križanaca u dobi od 7 do 10 godina) prikupljena su u lokalnoj klaonici. Materijali su bili podijeljeni u 6 pokusnih skupina kako slijedi: MGF skupina (n = 7), LGF skupina (n = 21), CH skupina (n = 7), CCL skupina (n = 6), 2-4 MCL skupina (n = 9) i 4-7 MCL skupina (n = 12). Slijedom navedenih skupina, aktivnost arginaze bila je 0,056 ± 0,017, 0,100 ± 0,016, 2,517 ± 0,521, 0,827 ± 0,190, 0,674 ± 0,106 i 0,833 ± 0,093 U/mg. Aktivnost arginaze u CH skupini bila je signifikantno viša u odnosu na skupine CCL, 2-4 MCL i 4-7 MCL (P<0,001). Najniža aktivnost enzima bila je u skupinama MGF i LGF. Zaključeno je o mogućoj ključnoj ulozi aktivnosti enzima arginaze u diobi stanica, proliferaciji i diferencijaciji ovarijskih tkiva (osobito CH) kod odraslih krava

Non-clinical safety profile and pharmacodynamics of two formulations of the anti-sepsis drug candidate Rejuveinix (RJX)

Here, we demonstrate that the two distinct formulations of our anti-sepsis drug candidate Rejuveinix (RJX), have a very favorable safety profile in Wistar Albino rats at dose levels comparable to the projected clinical dose levels. 14-day treatment with RJX-P (RJX PPP.18.1051) or RJX-B (RJX-B200702-CLN) similarly elevated the day 15 tissue levels of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as ascorbic acid in both the lungs and liver in a dose-dependent fashion. The activity of SOD and ascorbic acid levels were significantly higher in tissues of RJX-P or RJX-B treated rats than vehicle-treated control rats (p  0.05). The observed elevations of the SOD and ascorbic acid levels were transient and were no longer detectable on day 28 following a 14-day recovery period. These results demonstrate that RJX-P and RJX-B are bioequivalent relative to their pharmacodynamic effects on tissue SOD and ascorbic acid levels. Furthermore, both formulations showed profound protective activity in a mouse model of sepsis. In agreement with the PD evaluations in rats and their proposed mechanism of action, both RJX-P and RJX-B exhibited near-identical potent and dose-dependent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in the LPS-GalN model of ARDS and multi-organ failure in mice

Znaczenie wyjściowych wartości pośrednich wskaźników zapalenia w prognozowaniu odpowiedzi na terapię resynchronizującą serca

Background: In many cardiovascular diseases (CVD), white blood cell counts with differentials are used to predict adverse events. Both platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are studied in various CVDs. Aim: The role of inflammatory condition assessed using routine laboratory tests in cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) response has not been investigated thoroughly. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association of NLR, PLR, and relative lym­phocyte count (L%) with response to CRT. Methods: A total of 157 patients (76.4% male; mean age 58.7 ± 11.8 years) who underwent CRT implantation at our tertiary referral hospital were retrospectively analysed. Results: Among included patients, a total of 50 (31.8%) patients were defined as “non-responders”. Median NLR and PLR were significantly higher in the non-responder group (p &lt; 0.001), and median L% was significantly lower in the non-responder group (p &lt; 0.001). Also, median NLR was significantly higher in patients with New York heart Association (NYHA) class II–III when compared to patients with NYHA class I after six months of CRT implantation (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively). Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between paced QRS duration and NLR (p = 0.031) and a negative correlation between paced QRS duration and L% (p = 0.002). In addition, both NLR and L% showed significant correlations with post-procedural NYHA functional classes (p &lt; 0.001; p = 0.008, respectively). Patients with PLR &gt; 173.09 had a 2.9‑fold and NLR &gt; 3.45 had a 12.2-fold increased risk of CRT nonresponse, respectively. Conclusions: In the current study non-responders to CRT had higher NLR and PLR and lower L%, which may support the deleterious effects of baseline inflammatory condition in advanced heart failure.Wstęp: W wielu chorobach sercowo-naczyniowych w prognozowaniu zdarzeń niepożądanych wykorzystywano liczbę białych krwinek oraz ich wzór odsetkowy. W badaniach dotyczących różnych chorób sercowo-naczyniowych oceniano zarówno stosunek liczby płytek do liczby limfocytów, jak i stosunek liczby neutrofili do liczby limfocytów. Cel: Dotychczas nie zbadano dokładnie wpływu stanu zapalnego ocenianego przy użyciu rutynowych badań laboratoryjnych na odpowiedź na terapię resynchronizującą serca (CRT). Dlatego też celem niniejszej pracy była ocena zależności między stosunkiem liczby neutrofili do liczby limfocytów (NLR), stosunkiem liczby płytek do liczby limfocytów (PLR) i względną liczbą limfocytów (L%) a odpowiedzią na CRT. Metody: Retrospektywną analizą objęto łącznie 157 chorych (76,4% mężczyzn; średnia wieku 58,7 ± 11,8 roku), którym wszczepiono CRT w szpitalu trzeciego stopnia referencyjności. Wyniki: Ogółem 50 (31,%) uczestników badania uznano za osoby nieodpowiadające na terapię. Mediany NLR i PLR były istotnie wyższe (p &lt; 0,001), a mediana L% — znamiennie niższa (p &lt; 0,001) w grupie, w której nie stwierdzono odpowiedzi na terapię. Ponadto po 6 miesiącach od implantacji CRT mediana NLR była istotnie wyższa u chorych w II–III klasie niewy­dolności serca wg NYHA niż u pacjentów w klasie I wg NYHA (odpowiednio: p &lt; 0,001; p = 0,004). W analizie korelacji wykazano dodatnią zależność między czasem trwania wystymulowanego zespołu QRS a NLR (p = 0,031) i ujemną zależność między czasem trwania wystymulowanego zespołu QRS a L% (p = 0,002). Zarówno NLR, jak i L% wykazywały istotną korelację z klasą czynnościową wg NYHA po zabiegu (odpowiednio: p &lt; 0,001; p = 0,008). U chorych, u których PLR wynosiło &gt; 17,09, ryzyko braku odpowiedzi na CRT było 2,9-krotnie większe, a w przypadku wartości NLR &gt; 3,45 ryzyko to zwiększało się 12,2-krotnie. Wnioski: W niniejszym badaniu brak odpowiedzi na CRT wiązał się z wyższymi wartościami NLR i PLR oraz niższymi wartościami L%, co potwierdza szkodliwy wpływ obecności stanu zapalnego na przyszłą skuteczność terapii resynchronizującej, przed wszczepieniem CRT u osób z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca