Laparoscopic Rare Abdominal Hernia Treatment

Diaphragm and abdominal wall hernias are rare, and they may be congenital or acquired. Spiegel hernia incidence is between 0.1 and 2%. Morgagni hernia is comprising only 2–3% of all diaphragmatic hernias. Most Spiegel and Morgagni hernias are diagnosed late because of their non-specific symptoms and asymptomatic clinical presentation. The major symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, and dyspnea. Computed tomography (CT) shows the hernia sac content, strangulation or incarceration in the content, and detailed anatomical information about surrounding tissue. Surgery is the main treatment option except patients who have severe comorbidity. Spiegel hernia surgery can be performed open or laparoscopic. Intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM), total extraperitoneal procedure (TEP), transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) procedure, or partial transabdominal laparoscopic methods are minimal invasive surgery options. In the repair of Morgagni hernia, surgical options may be laparoscopy, laparotomy, thoracotomy, or thoracoscopy

Kalman filter aided target density function for radar imaging

This study proposes a new algorithm for air target radar imaging by taking the geometrical and processing advantages of array antenna systems. The backscattered signal is processed with a new technique to benefit the facilities of angular scanning. In order to virtually increase the number of the radar elements of the array system, a powerful optimal estimator is employed, namely Kalman filter

Measurement of iron mass in concrete wall using ultra-wide band radar

Here, it is aimed to measure and detect the iron mass of a concrete solid wall, column, floor by using of ultra-wide band radar. Electromagnetic waves boundary conditions, reflection, and refraction of waves that radiate in solid material are analysed. GPR imaging methodology and scanning types such as A, B, and C are analysed. Ultra-wide band radar imaging is used for detecting measuring the diameter of the iron material

Effect of atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in rats: A stereological study

Purpose: To investigate the effects of oral atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in a rat model.Methods: Rats were equally assigned into control and study groups, the latter receiving atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day). At the end of 12 weeks, spermatogenetic activity was evaluated using stereological and optical fractionator methods. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured using micro–ELISA kits. Total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured by enzymatic colorimetric assays.Results: Testicular stereological analysis revealed that atorvastatin reduced Sertoli cell numbers (p < 0.001), spermatogonia (p < 0.001), spermatocytes (p < 0.001), and seminiferous tubule diameters (p < 0.001). LDL – C (p = 0.01) and TG (p = 0.01) values were significantly lower in the study group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in FSH (p = 0.44), LH (p = 0.48),and TT (p = 0.06) levels between the groups.Conclusion: The findings show that atorvastatin causes deleterious effects on rat spermatogenesis. It should therefore be used with caution in clinical practice owing to its potential adverse effects, especially on male fertility. Keywords: Statin, Atorvastatin, Spermatogenesis, Stereology, Testi

Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception

USE OF POM AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE THREEDIMENSIONAL MODELING OF LAKES : GOKPINAR DAM RESERVOIR AS A CASE STUDY

The circulation pattern in lakes and reservoirs varies according to many external factors. In situ measurement of the occuring flow pattern in every point of the lake is a very costly and hard task. For this reason, models determining the velocities and surface fluctuations are developed by using computers. The use of these models enables the generation of the foundation for the prediction of possible environmental problems and water pollution concentrations. Today, three dimensional models are widely used in the modelling of lakes and reservoirs. In this study, the velocity profiles and surface fluctuation values generated under various wind speed and directions at some sections in Gokpinar Lake in Denizli are obtained by applying artificial neural networks (ANN) on the results of three dimensional hydrodynamic model of the lake made with Princeton Ocean Model (POM). The developed ANN model is applied to the same sections for different wind conditions and it is found that the results are in accordance with the results of POM. As a result of the comparisons of the models, the superiorities of the models on each other at the model generation and solution phases are determined and mentioned

YAPI GÖZLEM/KONTROLÜNDE KULLANILACAK OTONOM/YARI OTONOM ROBOTİK SİSTEMLER İÇİN NAVİGASYON ALGORİTMASININ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTÜ) Kampüsü’ndeki yapıların zamanla yaşlanması ve yoğun kullanıma maruz kalması nedeniyle yapı kusurları gözle görülür hale gelmiş durumdadır. Bu bağlamda yerleşke yapılarının sürdürülebilirliği kapsamında yapılacak olan hızlı, sistematik ve son teknolojinin kullanılması ile yapısal sorunların tanılanması ve kataloglanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu projede, yapı gözlem/kontrol aşamalarında kullanılmak üzere yürütülmekte olan yüksek lisans ve doktora çalışmaları kapsamında, otonom/yarı otonom çalışan bir sistem için navigasyon yöntemi önerilmektedir. Bu yöntem yapı sağlığı izleme kapsamında tanılama işleminin kolaylaştırılması, hızlandırılması, sistematik hale getirilmesi; izleme/denetim aşamalarında rol alacak kişilerin güvenliğinin sağlanmasında ve bu aşamalarda insan hatasının en aza indirilmesinde önemli rol oyanayacaktır. Önerilen projeyle ortaya çıkacak sistemin pilot uygulaması ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi binalarının çatlak, deformasyon gibi yapısal sorunların tespiti ve kataloglanmasıyla gerçekleştirilecektir. Bu bağlamda proje, ODTÜ Kampüsü’ndeki yapıların gözlem/kontrolü için bir ön çalışma niteliği de taşımaktadır

Sinapik asidin akut renal iskemi/reperfüzyon hasarı üzerine koruyucu etkileri

Objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate whether sinapic acid (SA) can alleviate oxidative damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in I/R induced renal injury. Methods: A total of 24 male rats were randomly separated into four groups as six rats in each group. Group 1 (Sham), Group 2 (I/R), Group 3 (I/R + SA, 10mg/kg), Group 4 (I/R + SA, 20 mg/kg). In order to evaluate kidney function serum BUN, Cr, and AST were measured in an autoanalyzer. SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, PC and NO oxidative stress parameters were measured with spectrophotometric methods and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, KIM-1 and NGAL parameters were measured with the ELISA method. In addition, H&E method and immunohistochemical examinations were performed for histological evaluations of kidney tissue. Results: SA significantly decreases the increase in kidney damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death and restore the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.05). Pre-treatment of the rats with SA reduces kidney dysfunction and morphological changes. Conclusions: The development of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation seems to be the leading factors that accelerate inflammation and cell death during renal IRI. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic features of SA displayed a renoprotective effect