Platelet count and mean volume in acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction Method for Selective Separation and Preconcentration of Trace Amounts of Palladium

Abstract: A simple and effective homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction method for selective separation, preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) ion was developed by using a ternary component system (water / tetrabutylammonium ion (TBA -2 mol L -1 and pH= 3.0), a preconcentration factor 10 was obtained for 10 mL of sample. The analytical curve was linear in the range of 2-100 ng mL -1 and the limit of detection was 0.4 ng mL -1 . The relative standard deviation was 3.2% (n=10). Accuracy and application of the method was estimated by using test samples of natural and synthetic water spiked with different amounts of palladium(II) ion. The method is very simple and inexpensive

Gold nanoparticles coated with PVP as a novel colorimetric sensor for sensitive and selective determination of Atenolol

In this work, gold nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-AuNPs) were used as a colorimetric probe for the sensitive, selective, simple, and rapid determination of atenolol (ATN). Indeed, atenolol triggered the aggregation of PVP-AuNPs via hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and dipole-dipole forces with PVP on the surface of AuNPs, causing the colloidal solution's color to shift from red to blue. SEM, TEM, FT-IR, UV–Vis, zeta potential, and other methods were used to characterise the PVP-AuNPs that were created as well as their aggregates. An excellent linear relationship between the absorption ratio (A690/A521) and the concentration of ATN in the range of 0.07–3.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.023 μM was discovered by optimising the experimental settings. The influence of potential interfering species on the measurement of ATN was investigated, and it was discovered that the developed colorimetric sensor had satisfactory selectivity. Finally, the presented method was used to measure ATN in tablet and blood plasma samples, and the obtained recovery values showed great promise for the use of the proposed sensor in clinical applications

Magnetic ZnFe2O4@polyhydroxybenzoic acid nanostructure for efficient B.subtilis capturing

Objective(s): This work focuses on preparing an efficient bacterial capture system based on the magnetic polyphenolic nanostructure. For a reason, a one-step hydrothermally route was employed to prepare ZnFe2O4@hydroxybenzoic acid - resorcinol nanohybrid. Methods: The nanostructure was characterized by X–ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) vibration sample magnetometry (VSM) and zeta potential measurement. Bacillus subtilis was employed as a sample pathogen to evaluate bacterial capture efficiency of the nanohybrid. Results: Characterization results confirmed that the hybrid material is in nano scale. Moreover, it has a magnetic saturation of 6.7 emu g-1 which is in right level to be employed for magnetic separation. Effect of relevant variables on capturing efficiency including pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage was investigated, and optimum levels were obtained. Conclusions: It found that the capturing efficiency is independent of solution pH. Moreover, capturing experiments showed fast equilibrium time of 20 min with the effectiveness more than 99%

Traditional Iranian courtyards as microclimate modifiers by considering orientation, dimensions, and proportions

The effect of courtyards as microclimate modifiers on the sustainability of traditional houses in a region with BWks mesoclimate in Iran was explored. The principle behind traditional Iranian courtyards was investigated to identify the most influential physical–environmental characteristics that can effectively improve energy efficiency in contemporary residential buildings. A field study was performed to analyze various physical elements of six valuable traditional courtyard houses located in a region with BWks mesoclimate in Iran. These elements included the orientation, extension, rotation angle, dimensions, and proportions of enclosed and open spaces, as well as physical bodies (opaque walls), transparent surfaces (openings), and natural elements (water and soil). Results showed that most of the studied Iranian courtyards were particularly designed to enable orientation, dimension, and proportion to act as microclimate modifiers. All survey-based data were summarized and integrated to propose a physical–environmental design model for courtyards as a useful energy-efficient strategy for contemporary sustainable housing in a region with BWks mesoclimate. The proposed model can be generalized to all design cases located in areas with similar climatic conditions

Fast Analysis of Water Samples for Trace Amount of Crystal Violet Dye Based on Solid Phase Extraction Using Nanoporous SBA-3 prior to Determination by Fiber Optic-Linear Array Detection Spectrophotometry

A solid phase preconcentration procedure using SBA-3 nanosorbent for the fast separation and preconcentration of crystal violet (CV) in water samples by fiber optic-linear array detection spectrophotometry (FO-LADS) is presented. Experimental parameters including pH, sample volume, amount of sorbent, type, volume, and concentration of eluent that affect the recovery of crystal violet have been optimized. Under optimized experimental conditions, analytical parameters including limit of detection, linear working range, and relative standard deviation have also been determined. A preconcentration factor of 200 was achieved in this method. In the initial solution, the detection limit for CV was found as 1.3 g L −1 . Under optimal conditions maximum adsorption capacity was obtained as 344.83 mg g −1 . Also, the relative standard deviation was less than ±1.3% ( = 5). The presented procedure was applied to the determination of crystal violet in water samples (fish, fish farming water, and river water) with good results

Fast Analysis of Water Samples for Trace Amount of Crystal Violet Dye Based on Solid Phase Extraction Using Nanoporous SBA-3 prior to Determination by Fiber Optic-Linear Array Detection Spectrophotometry

A solid phase preconcentration procedure using SBA-3 nanosorbent for the fast separation and preconcentration of crystal violet (CV) in water samples by fiber optic-linear array detection spectrophotometry (FO-LADS) is presented. Experimental parameters including pH, sample volume, amount of sorbent, type, volume, and concentration of eluent that affect the recovery of crystal violet have been optimized. Under optimized experimental conditions, analytical parameters including limit of detection, linear working range, and relative standard deviation have also been determined. A preconcentration factor of 200 was achieved in this method. In the initial solution, the detection limit for CV was found as 1.3 μg L−1. Under optimal conditions maximum adsorption capacity was obtained as 344.83 mg g−1. Also, the relative standard deviation was less than ±1.3% (n=5). The presented procedure was applied to the determination of crystal violet in water samples (fish, fish farming water, and river water) with good results

Carbon nanotube-based magnetic bucky gels in developing dispersive solid-phase extraction: application in rapid speciation analysis of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in water samples

<p>In this work, we developed dispersive solid-phase extraction method with the use of carbon nanotube based magnetic bucky gels. The hydrophilic carbon nanotube (CNT)-based magnetic bucky gels (M-BGs) were developed with the features of magnetic susceptibility to permit fast injection of sorbent, rapid retrieval of the sorbent and high dispersion of MWCNT in the aqueous sample. We combined magnetic multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite (MMWCNTs) with hydrophilic ionic liquids in order to prepare highly stable carbon nanotube-based magnetic bucky gels. The hydrophilic ILs act simultaneously as modifier and disperser for MMWCNTs and reduce the agglomeration of sorbent in water .Consequently they enhance the extraction efficiency. We used the unique features of this responsive gel (fluidity, stability, magnetic properties, and strong sorbing ability) in developing a new, fast, sensitive, simple, and environmental-friendly magnetic bucky gel-based dispersive solid-phase extraction method (M-BG-dSPE) combined with fibre optic linear array detection spectrophotometer (FO-LADS) for preconcentration and speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in water samples. The properties of MMWCNT and magnetic bucky gels were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR). Under the optimised conditions, the enrichment factor of the method was 318, the limit of detection was 0.1 ng mL⁻¹ and the repeatability of the method, expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD, <i>n</i> = 5), varies between 3.2% and 2.5% in different concentrations. The proposed procedure has been applied for speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in water samples with good recoveries in the range from 90 to 105%. Validation of the method was carried out by comparison of the obtained results with results obtained by the ET-AAS and spiking-recovery method.</p