Modelling and control of chaotic processes through their Bifurcation Diagrams generated with the help of Recurrent Neural Network models: Part 1—simulation studies

Many real-world processes tend to be chaotic and also do not lead to satisfactory analytical modelling. It has been shown here that for such chaotic processes represented through short chaotic noisy time-series, a multi-input and multi-output recurrent neural networks model can be built which is capable of capturing the process trends and predicting the future values from any given starting condition. It is further shown that this capability can be achieved by the Recurrent Neural Network model when it is trained to very low value of mean squared error. Such a model can then be used for constructing the Bifurcation Diagram of the process leading to determination of desirable operating conditions. Further, this multi-input and multi-output model makes the process accessible for control using open-loop/closed-loop approaches or bifurcation control etc. All these studies have been carried out using a low dimensional discrete chaotic system of Hénon Map as a representative of some real-world processes

Modelling of Metallurgical Processes Using Chaos Theory and Hybrid Computational Intelligence

The main objective of the present work is to develop a framework for modelling and controlling of a real world multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) continuously drifting metallurgical process, which is shown to be a complex system. A small change in the properties of the charge composition may lead to entirely different outcome of the process. The newly emerging paradigm of soft-computing or Hybrid Computational Intelligence Systems approach which is based on neural networks, fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms and chaos theory has been applied to tackle this problem In this framework first a feed-forward neuro-model has been developed based on the data collected from a working Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF). Then the process is analysed for the existence of the chaos with the chaos theory (calculating indices like embedding dimension, Lyapunov exponent etc). After that an effort is made to evolve a fuzzy logic controller for the dynamical process using combination of genetic algorithms and the neural networks based forward model to predict the system’s behaviour or conditions in advance and to further suggest modifications to be made to achieve the desired results

Pregenomic RNA encapsidation analysis of eleven missense and nonsense polymerase mutants of human hepatitis B virus

We characterized 11 DNA polymerase mutants of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) which contain single missense or nonsense mutations in the various domains within this gene. Except for mutant 738, a tight association between DNA replication and RNA packaging of these missense pol mutants was observed. Further analysis of HBV core particle-associated RNA indicated that only the 3.5-kb core-specific RNA, but not the precore-specific RNA, is selectively packaged in this tissue culture system. Previously, we have demonstrated that only the 3.5-kb core-specific RNA can serve as an efficient template for pol translation. Taken together, our results suggest that selectivity of HBV RNA packaging occurs as a result of selective translation of pol-containing mRNAs. Furthermore, our data suggest that the RNA encapsidation domain of pol overlaps with all of the domains of pol involved in the synthesis of terminal protein, as well as DNA replication. Finally, on the basis of gradient centrifugation analysis, a pol defect appeared to have no negative effect on the assembly or stability of core particles. A new method to assay RNA encapsidation, as well as potential RNase H activity, is reported

Knowledge of current abortion law and views on abortion law reform: a community survey of NSW residents

Objective: To report results of a community survey of NSW residents' knowledge of current abortion law and views on abortion law reform. Methods: A total of 1,015 men and women participated. Recruitment and questionnaires were completed anonymously online using survey panel sampling. Results: Seventy-six per cent of respondents were unaware that abortion remains a criminal offence in the Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) and 73% thought it should be decriminalised and regulated as a healthcare service. Support for decriminalisation was consistent across genders, age groups, residents of metropolitan/regional and rural areas and levels of education. Support was strong for women seeking abortion to be protected from harassment (89%) and for protester exclusion zones around clinics (81%), with support for these measures significantly stronger among regional/rural residents than Sydney-based respondents. Conclusions: Abortion law in NSW is out of step with contemporary community views. Residents are largely unaware that it remains a criminal offence and, when informed, support decriminalisation. There is strong support for legal changes to protect women from harassment and to provide protester exclusion zones around abortion clinics. Implications for public health: Abortion law reform would reduce current inequities of access, be democratic and support women's autonomy and reproductive rights

Penambahan Karaginan terhadap Mutu Sirup Kulit Kayu Manis

This study aims to determine the best concentration of carrageenan on the quality of cinnamon bark syrup. Research conducted experiments using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatment that K0 = without carrageenan ; K1 = Carragenan 1 %; K2 = Carragenan 1.2 %; K3 = Carragenan 1.4 %; Carragenan K4 = 1.6 %; Carragenan K5 = 1.8 %; K6 = Carragenan 2 %. The results showed that the concentration of carrageenan significantly affect the pH value, the viscosity of the sucrose concentration, homogeneity of the emulsion, the color of the hedonic test, the color and flavor of the descriptive test. Concentration K1 (addition of carrageenan 1 %) with a pH of 4.22; levels of sucrose 64.88 %; levels sinamaldehid 0.6429 %; viscosity 40.75 g/cm.s in the first week and 32.87 g/cm.s on the second week , the homogeneity of the emulsion 95.83 % in the first week and 94.17 % in the second week

Sebaran Nitrat Dan Kualitas Perairan Di Dermaga Pulau Parang, Karimunjawa Pada Saat Pasang Menuju Surut

Pulau Parang yang terletak di daerah Taman Nasional. Karimunjawa, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah dihuni oleh sebagian besar penduduk yang bermata pencaharian nelayan. Perairan yang dikelilingi oleh terumbu karang diduga merupakan derah perangkap nutrient sehingga perlu dilakukan pengukura kandungan nitrat disekitarnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan lokasi pengambilan sampel secara purposif. Lokasi sampling pada penelitian ini sebanyak 8 stasiun. Data yang digunakan untuk parameter kualitas perairan meliputi : DO, pH, salinitas, suhu yang di lakukan insitu. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan software Arc GIS 9.3, sehingga menghasilkan output berupa sebaran distribusi spasial.Hasil penelitian yang didapat menunjukan nilai nitrat berkisar 0,0381 – 0,3828 mg/l sedangkan untuk kualitas perairan di dapatkan : pH 7,9-8,2 , Salinitas 32 ‰-34 ‰, DO 7-11 mg/l, suhu 28.6-30.2 ⁰C. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dan di bandingkan dengan baku mutu air laut untuk perairan Keputusan Mentri Negara Lingkungan HidupNomor 51 Tahun 2004 di ketahui bahwa di Perairan disekitar Dermaga Pulau Parang belum tercemar

The correlation between colposcopy, cervical cytology and histopathology in the diagnosis and management of cervical lesions: a cross sectional study

Background: The study was undertaken to see the correlation between cervical cytology, histopathology and colposcopy in the diagnosis and management of various cervical lesions.Methods: It is a cross sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, in the department of obstetrics and gynecology from February 2007 to March 2008. A total 55 sexually active women were enrolled for the study who belonged to age group greater than 20 years with history of chronic leucorrhoea or post-coital bleeding/spotting, intermenstrual bleeding/spotting or examination findings of erosion, an unhealthy cervix, a lesion bleeding on touch or an abnormal or suspicious Papanicolaou smear. These women then underwent cytology, colposcopy and cervical biopsy.Results: The accuracy of cytology when compared to colposcopy was 81.82%. The accuracy of colpo-histopathology was 83.6%. The combined accuracy was 76.36%.Conclusions: The simultaneous use of cytological studies and screening colposcopy has been shown to increase the cervical cancer detection. Colposcopy offers an excellent tool in the hands of a gynaecologist to evaluate the uterine cervix and it is not possible to develop this kind of perspective by any other method

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: a rare complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

An 89-year-old woman with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and a previous right mastectomy and implant for breast cancer presented with worsening breathlessness. There was no history of cough, haemoptysis, chest pain or fever. The chest radiograph (CXR, Fig. A) showed extensive fibrotic changes in both lungs consistent with the known diagnosis of IPF. A computerised tomo - graphy (CT) scan of the thorax revealed marked pneumo - mediastinum (black arrows) extending throughout the length the mediastinum (Fig. B). No subcutaneous emphysema was noted and no obvious cause for the pneumomediastinum was identifiable. There was no history of trauma or evidence to suggest pulmonary or mediastinal infection from gas-forming organisms. There was also no recent history of tracheobronchial or oesophageal interventions and a barium swallow excluded an oesophageal rupture. A diagnosis of spontaneous pneumomediastium (SPM) was made. The patient was managed conservatively. Her dyspnoea gradually improved and she was discharged home

ANALISIS POTENSI DAN KESENJANGAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, PROPINSI JAWA BARAT

Regional development is synonymous with growth. Growth can also be positive, but if it is not built in a comprehensive manner would cause a negative impact on the other side. Sukabumi district is rich in various potential including the potential for agriculture, plantation, forestry, marine, geothermal energy and mines. However, Sukabumi District is one district that is still classified as disadvantaged areas in West Java. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of the area in Sukabumi and analyzing the potential of the region as well as the development gap between regions in Sukabumi. The results showed the development of the district is based can be regarded as a relatively underdeveloped area. There is a gap of regional development in Sukabumi. Sukabumi district has several potential sectors including the industrial sector in particular, non-oil processing industry. In the industrial sector in particular, non-oil processing industry can be a dominant sector as it can contribute to and have strong linkages with other sectors that can influence other sectors

Development and testing of open-jet wind tunnel for quadrotor flight testing

Station keeping of a hovering quadrotor under various turbulent wind condition has gained much attention these days due to its potential application in complex environments. Various types of control algorithm have been developed to increase the performance of the quadrotor under such wind conditions. These need to be tested and verified by flying the quadrotor itself. One of the quick and low-cost solutions would be to set up a test rig by modifying an existing wind tunnel to recreate such wind conditions. In order to cater such experiments, in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), an open-jet wind tunnel was attached to an existing open-loop wind tunnel, which initially has a test area of 1 meter by 1-meter size. By attaching the open-jet wind tunnel which has a diverged shape, the test section area is increased up to 2 meters in diameter size, ensuring sufficient space for manoeuvring and hovering the experimental quadrotor. A settling chamber is attached before the test section to characterize the output wind. The maximum wind speed at the opening is 8 m/s. The extended wind tunnel's flow characteristics are analyzed by anemometer for velocity distribution in four different distance from the opening. It has been found that the wind velocity distribution and turbulent intensity simulate the outdoor wind turbulent condition to test a quadrotor hovering control algorithm