DIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION OF SELECTED TRANSITION AND NON-TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES.

Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1979 .S253. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 40-09, Section: B, page: 4294. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1979

N,N′,N′′-Tricyclo­hexyl­guanidinium iodide

In the title compound, C19H36N3 +·I−, the orientation of the cyclo­hexyl rings around the planar (sum of N—C—N angles = 360°) CN3 + unit produces steric hindrance around the N—H groups. As a consequence of this particular orientation of the tricyclo­hexyl­guanidinium cation (hereafter denoted CHGH+), hydrogen bonding is restricted to classical N—H⋯I and non-clasical (cyclo­hex­yl)C—H⋯I hydrogen bonds. The propeller CHGH+ cation and the oriented hydrogen-bonding interactions lead to a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure

Bis(N,N′,N′′-triisopropylguanidinium) fumarate–fumaric acid (1/1)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C10H24N3+·0.5C4H2O42−·0.5C4H4O4, comprises a triisopropylguanidinium cation, half of a fumarate dianion and half of a fumaric acid molecule; both the fumarate dianion and the fumaric acid molecule are located on inversion centres. In the crystal, intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl groups of the fumaric acid molecules and the carboxylate groups of the fumarate anions lead to the formation of a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular twisted chain along the b axis. The triisopropylguanidinium cations interact with the fumarate–fumaric acid chains via extensive N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, leading to a ladder arrangement, with the cation being the rungs that bridge three curled chains of fumarate–fumaric acid. The crystal packing is stabilized by N—H...O and C—H...O (cation...fumarate/fumaric) and O—H...O (fumarate...fumaric) hydrogen bonds, consolidating a three-dimensional network

Supramolecular structure of bis(N,N′,N″-triisopropylguanidinium) phthalate

In the structure of the N,N′,N″-triisopropylguanidinium salt of phthalate (I), 2(IPGH)+·(C8H4O4)2−, the asymmetric unit contains two symmetry-independent cations and one anion having different inter-species hydrogen-bonding environments, which includes cyclic R22(8) and R44(16) associations. These interactions give a two dimensional layered structure

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide.Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters.Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 percent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 percent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 percent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle-compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries.Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)