781 research outputs found
Ghrelin Decreases Firing Activity of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons in an Estrous Cycle and Endocannabinoid Signaling Dependent Manner.
The orexigenic peptide, ghrelin is known to influence function of GnRH neurons, however, the direct effects of the hormone upon these neurons have not been explored, yet. The present study was undertaken to reveal expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) in GnRH neurons and elucidate the mechanisms of ghrelin actions upon them. Ca(2+)-imaging revealed a ghrelin-triggered increase of the Ca(2+)-content in GT1-7 neurons kept in a steroid-free medium, which was abolished by GHS-R-antagonist JMV2959 (10µM) suggesting direct action of ghrelin. Estradiol (1nM) eliminated the ghrelin-evoked rise of Ca(2+)-content, indicating the estradiol dependency of the process. Expression of GHS-R mRNA was then confirmed in GnRH-GFP neurons of transgenic mice by single cell RT-PCR. Firing rate and burst frequency of GnRH-GFP neurons were lower in metestrous than proestrous mice. Ghrelin (40nM-4μM) administration resulted in a decreased firing rate and burst frequency of GnRH neurons in metestrous, but not in proestrous mice. Ghrelin also decreased the firing rate of GnRH neurons in males. The ghrelin-evoked alterations of the firing parameters were prevented by JMV2959, supporting the receptor-specific actions of ghrelin on GnRH neurons. In metestrous mice, ghrelin decreased the frequency of GABAergic mPSCs in GnRH neurons. Effects of ghrelin were abolished by the cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1) antagonist AM251 (1µM) and the intracellularly applied DAG-lipase inhibitor THL (10µM), indicating the involvement of retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. These findings demonstrate that ghrelin exerts direct regulatory effects on GnRH neurons via GHS-R, and modulates the firing of GnRH neurons in an ovarian-cycle and endocannabinoid dependent manner
Az anĂłmia mint a válság fokmĂ©rĹ‘je (elsĹ‘ kĂsĂ©rlet): Társadalmi Kapacitás – a komplex válság jelensĂ©ge Magyarországon
Team Szeged @ EPE 2017 shared task - First experiments in a generalized syntactic parsing framework
In this article, we describe the submissions
of Team Szeged for the EPE 2017 shared
task. We introduce three approaches and
first experiments to exploit the opportunities
of the general dependency graph representation
of the shared task
Nulla törĂ©smutatĂłjĂş metaanyag tervezĂ©se tölcsĂ©rantennák irányĂtottságának növelĂ©sĂ©hez
A nulla törĂ©smutatĂłjĂş metaanyagok alkalmazhatĂłk sĂk felĂĽletű lencsĂ©k lĂ©trehozására, melyekkel növelhetĹ‘ egy antenna elektromágneses mĂ©rete, illetve csökkenthetĹ‘ egy adott nyeresĂ©ghez szĂĽksĂ©ges apertĂşra mĂ©ret. Olyan FishNet tĂpusĂş metaanyag lencsĂ©t tervezĂĽnk, amelyik a 5,2 GHz-en működik. Bemutatjuk a tölcsĂ©rantenna-lencse alkalmazásra megtervezett metaanyag tulajdonságait
Molekulatömeg-eloszlás számĂtása Ă©s tervezĂ©se = Molecular weight distribution calculation and design
Korábban publikált mĂłdszerĂĽnkre alapozva (monodiszperz láncnövekedĂ©s mĂłdszere) angliai partneremmel (AF Johnson professzor) egyĂĽtműködve egyszerű analitikus tervezĂ©si eljárást fejlesztettĂĽnk ki a betáplálási iniciátor Ă©s monomer profilok becslĂ©sĂ©re csĹ‘reaktorban illetve folyamatos kevert tartályreaktorokbĂłl állĂł kaszkádban gyártani szándĂ©kozott polimer tervezett molekulatömeg-eloszlásábĂłl (MTE) kiindulva. Alkalmazott egyszerűsĂtĹ‘ feltĂ©telezĂ©sek: ideális Ă©lĹ‘ anionos polimerizáciĂł; pillanatszerű iniciálási reakciĂł; ideális keveredĂ©si viszonyok (dugattyĂş-áramlás illetve tökĂ©letesen kevert tartályok). SzámĂtĂłgĂ©pes programot dolgoztam ki a betáplálási profilok számĂtására egy kĂvánatos molekulatömeg-eloszlásbĂłl kiindulva. SzámĂtások alapján javaslatot tettem laboratĂłriumi kĂsĂ©rletek elvĂ©gzĂ©sĂ©re. Angliai partnerem 2004-ben csoportjával átköltözött Leeds-bĹ‘l Bangor-ba (Wales). A költözĂ©s, az Ăşj laboratĂłriumok felszerelĂ©se elhĂşzĂłdott, az Ă©rdemi munka csak 2005 vĂ©gĂ©n indult be Ăşjra. Eközben bekapcsolĂłdtam uretán polimerizáciĂłs kĂsĂ©rletek matematikai modellezĂ©sĂ©be. SzámĂtĂłgĂ©pi programot fejlesztettem ki a polimerizáciĂł fizikai Ă©s kinetikai paramĂ©tereinek becslĂ©sĂ©re DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) mĂ©rĂ©sek eredmĂ©nyeibĹ‘l. Eredeti munkatervem kiterjesztĂ©sekĂ©nt, egyĂĽttmĂĽködĂ©sben a BME Szerves KĂ©miai TechnolĂłgia TanszĂ©kĂ©vel matematikai modelt Ă©s számĂtĂłgĂ©pes programot dolgoztunk ki polimerek Ă©gĂ©sĂ©nek számĂtására, az Ă©gĂ©sgátlás javĂtása cĂ©ljábĂłl. | A simple analytical method has been developed for the tailored design of living anionic polymerization processes. From the target molecular weight distribution (MWD) the reactor input parameters (including feed profiles of monomer and iniciator) are derived assuming a tubular reactor or a series of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR). Initiation reaction is assumed to be instantaneous, mixing is treated as ideal. A computer program has been developed to predict the necessary input profiles and other parameters from the target MWD. A computer program has been developed to predict the physical and kinetic parameters of urethane polymerizations from the results of DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) experiments. A mathematical model and a computer program has been developed to analyze and simulate the burning process of polymers and to help develop fire retardant polymers
Power flows and efficiency analysis of out- and input coupled IVT
Since late 1995, when the high-powered (194 kW) Fendt Favorit 926 equipped with a ´´Vario´´ transmission was launched, power machines with CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) have appeared on the palette of all major tractor manufacturing companies as well. The CVT unit in the transmission of these power machines is not included directly in the power flow, but in one of the power branches after a split. By modifying the gear ratio of a properly selected CVT unit, the transmission can be geared neutral and the direction of progress of the vehicle can be changed. The transmission structure produced so is called power split IVT (Infinitely Variable Transmission).
The paper presents the ways of producing an IVT drive and analyzes the Fendt ``Vario´´ driving mechanism with OC-RSC structure and the same elements but with IC-RSC structure. There is detailed analysis on both structures on power flows (power split, positive/negative power circulating), the Geared Neutral and the backward operational stages, taking into account the significant states from efficiency calculation point of view, together with changes thereof in function of output revolution. Based on these investigations it is highlighted that the entire range of the course of the vehicle can be covered by an output coupled system adjusting the gear of the CVT unit within the high-efficiency range. The task is the same for input coupled systems, to be realized by planetary gears installed after the IVT unit and by the proper control of their engagement
A termĂ©szetközeli felszĂnek környezeti állapotváltozásának Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©si lehetĹ‘sĂ©gei távĂ©rzĂ©kelĂ©ses adatokbĂłl
A MODIS műholdcsalád által kĂ©szĂtett műholdfelvĂ©telek, valamint az abbĂłl előállĂtott származtatott termĂ©kek 10 Ă©ve a környezeti kutatásokkal foglalkozĂłk rendelkezĂ©sre állnak. A kutatásunkban azt kĂvánjuk bemutatni Ă©s megvizsgálni, hogy a MODIS EVI kĂ©pek alkalmazásával, valamint a CORINE felszĂnborĂtási adatbázis felhasználásával, hogyan állapĂthatjuk meg az egyes felszĂnborĂtási foltok környezeti állapotváltozásának trendjĂ©t, a termĂ©szetközeli állapotĂş stabil tájhasználatĂş tĂ©rsĂ©geinkben. Emellett kĂsĂ©rletet teszĂĽnk arra is, hogy e változások ok-okozati hátterĂ©t feltárjuk, mely informáciĂłkat azután a termĂ©szetvĂ©delemben, a vidĂ©kfejlesztĂ©sben, Ă©s tĂ©rsĂ©gi tervezĂ©sben is alkalmazni lehet a hosszĂş távĂş környezeti, gazdasági Ă©s társadalmi fenntarthatĂłság elĂ©rĂ©sĂ©nek Ă©rdekĂ©ben
A ház körĂĽli kertek hasznosĂtásának nĂ©hány sajátossága a magyar-szerb határmenti tĂ©rsĂ©gben
Jelen tanulmányunk keretĂ©ben azt kĂvánjuk bemutatni, hogy a magyar-szerb határmenti tĂ©rsĂ©gben milyen intenzitással Ă©s milyen formában hasznosĂtja jelenleg a lakosság a rendelkezĂ©sĂ©re állĂł ház körĂĽli kerteket, illetve ezek milyen szerepet játszanak az önellátásban Ă©s a jövedelemtermelĂ©sben. E cĂ©l elĂ©rĂ©se Ă©rdekĂ©ben vĂ©letlenszerű nem reprezentatĂv mintavĂ©tellel kĂ©rdĹ‘Ăves felmĂ©rĂ©st vĂ©geztĂĽnk, amely három-három telepĂĽlĂ©sre terjedt ki a határmenti HU-SRB IPA program mindkĂ©t oldalán. Az összesen 400 kĂ©rdĹ‘Ăv eredmĂ©nyeibĹ‘l nemcsak egy állapotot kĂvánunk felrajzolni, hanem az eredmĂ©nyek tĂĽkrĂ©ben ajánlásokat kĂvánunk megfogalmazni a belterĂĽleti kertek Ă©s művelĹ‘ik lehetsĂ©ges vidĂ©kfejlesztĂ©sbeni szerepĂ©t illetĹ‘en, kĂĽlönös tekintettel a helyi önellátás, a rövid ellátási láncok, valamint a speciális kĂ©zműves termĂ©kek kĂ©rdĂ©sĂ©re
Image quality of supine chest radiographs: intra-individual comparison of computed radiography and low-dose linear-slit digital radiography
The purpose of this retrospective study was to intra-individually compare the image quality of computed radiography (CR) and low-dose linear-slit digital radiography (LSDR) for supine chest radiographs. A total of 90 patients (28 female, 62 male; mean age, 55.1years) imaged with CR and LSDR within a mean time interval of 2.8days ± 3.0 were included in this study. Two independent readers evaluated the image quality of CR and LSDR based on modified European Guidelines for Quality Criteria for chest X-ray. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyse differences between the techniques. The overall image quality of LSDR was significantly better than the quality of CR (9.75 vs 8.16 of a maximum score of 10; p < 0.001). LSDR performed significantly better than CR for delineation of anatomical structures in the mediastinum and the retrocardiac lung (p < 0.001). CR was superior to LSDR for visually sharp delineation of the lung vessels and the thin linear structures in the lungs. We conclude that LSDR yields better image quality and may be more suitable for excluding significant pathological features of the chest in areas with high attenuation compared with C
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