Multidisciplinary study of Laurus Nobilis essential oil: From chemical composition to molecular interactions

This study delves into the chemical composition of Laurus Nobilis (LN) essential oil, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The hydrodistillation process yielded essential oil at 0.5 % on a dry mass basis. Notably, the essential oil is characterized by a predominant presence of eucalyptol and linalool, collectively constituting 64.33 % of the total composition. Additionally, the research sheds light on the antioxidant properties of Laurus Nobilis supported by outcomes from DPPH analysis, b-carotene bleaching, and ABTS+ cation decolorization tests. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay demonstrated an IC50 of 0.86 ± 0.38 mg/ml. The b-carotene/linoleic acid bleach test indicated a IC50 of 2.58 ± 0.10 mg/ml. Comparatively, the ABTS assay revealed antioxidant activity slightly lower than that of ascorbic acid. Molecular docking studies identified caryophyllene, g-elemene, (-)-spathulenol, a-terpineol acetate, and a-terpineol as compounds with the highest anchoring scores on target proteins. These findings underscore the therapeutic significance in modulating target proteins. Keywords: GC-MS; HS-SPME; Molecular docking; Antioxidant activity; Antibacterial activit

Microvascular Resistance Reserve for Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Function: JACC Technology Corner

The need for a quantitative and operator-independent assessment of coronary microvascular function is increasingly recognized. We propose the theoretical framework of microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) as an index specific for the microvasculature, independent of autoregulation and myocardial mass, and based on operator-independent measurements of absolute values of coronary flow and pressure. In its general form, MRR equals coronary flow reserve (CFR) divided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) corrected for driving pressures. In 30 arteries, pressure, temperature, and flow velocity measurements were obtained simultaneously at baseline (BL), during infusion of saline at 10 mL/min (rest) and 20 mL/min (hyperemia). A strong correlation was found between continuous thermodilution-derived MRR and Doppler MRR (r = 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.72-0.93; P < 0.001). MRR was independent from the epicardial resistance, the lower the FFR value, the greater the difference between MRR and CFR. Therefore, MRR is proposed as a specific, quantitative, and operator-independent metric to quantify coronary microvascular dysfunction

Rationale and design of SAVI-AoS:A physiologic study of patients with symptomatic moderate aortic valve stenosis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Background: Moderate aortic valve stenosis occurs twice as often as severe aortic stenosis (AS) and carries a similarly poor prognosis. Current European and American guidelines offer limited insight into moderate AS (MAS) patients with unexplained symptoms. Measuring valve physiology at rest while most patients experience symptoms during exertion might represent a conceptual limitation in the current grading of AS severity. The stress aortic valve index (SAVI) may delineate hemodynamically significant AS among patients with MAS. Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic value of SAVI in symptomatic MAS patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 50%): aortic valve area (AVA) > 1 cm2 plus either mean valve gradient (MG) 15–39 mmHg or maximal aortic valve velocity (AOV max) 2.5–3.9 m/s. Short-term objectives include associations with symptom burden, functional capacity, and cardiac biomarkers. Long-term objectives include clinical outcomes. Methods and results: Multicenter, non-blinded, observational cohort. AS severity will be graded invasively (aortic valve pressure measurements with dobutamine stress testing for SAVI) and non-invasively (echocardiography during dobutamine and exercise stress). Computed tomography (CT) of the aortic valve will be scored for calcium, and hemodynamics simulated using computational fluid dynamics. Cardiac biomarkers and functional parameters will be serially monitored. The primary objective is to see how SAVI and conventional measures (MG, AVA and Vmax) correlate with clinical parameters (quality of life survey, 6-minute walk test [6MWT], and biomarkers). Conclusions: The SAVI-AoS study will extensively evaluate patients with unexplained, symptomatic MAS to determine any added value of SAVI versus traditional, resting valve parameters

Recovery of Absolute Coronary Blood Flow and Microvascular Resistance After Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An Exploratory Study

Background: This study aimed to investigate longitudinal physiological changes in the recanalized coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) vessel and its dependent myocardium after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and Results: In this pilot study, 25 patients scheduled for elective CTO PCI with viable myocardium and angiographically visible collaterals were included. Absolute coronary blood flow and absolute microvascular resistance were measured invasively using continuous thermodilution. Measurements were performed immediately after successful CTO PCI and at short‐term follow‐up. In a subgroup of patients, physiological measurements were performed at the predominant donor vessel before CTO PCI, immediately afterwards, and at follow‐up. Absolute coronary blood flow in the recanalized CTO artery increased from 148±53 mL/min immediately after PCI to 221±77 mL/min at follow‐up (P<0.001). In agreement, absolute resistance in the myocardial territory perfused by the CTO artery, decreased from 545±255 Wood units immediately after the procedure to 387±128 Wood units at follow‐up (P=0.014). There were no significant changes in the absolute coronary blood flow and resistance in the predominant donor between baseline and follow‐up. Positive remodeling of the distal CTO vessel with an increase in lumen diameter was observed. Conclusions: After successful CTO PCI, blood flow in the recanalized artery and microvascular function of the dependent myocardium are not immediately normal but recover over time

Cationic ordering in tysonite type structures I: crystal structure of BaTeF6

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Etude structurale et densification d'un nouveau materiau piezoelectrique: Bi2TeO5

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Crystal structure of BaTe2F10

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Fast ionic conduction in new oxide materials of the Bi2O3_Ln2O3_TeO2 systems (Ln=La, Sm, Gd, Er)

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ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Bi2CdO4.

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Ohlin’s lemma and some inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type

Using the Ohlin lemma on convex stochastic ordering we prove inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type. Namely, we determine all numbers a,α,β∈[0,1] such that for all convex functions f the inequality af(αx+(1−α)y)+(1−a)f(βx+(1−β)y)≤1y−x∫xyf(t)dt is satisfied and all a,b,c,α∈(0,1) with a + b + c = 1 for which we have af(x)+bf(αx+(1−α)y)+cf(y)≥1y−x∫xyf(t)d