67 research outputs found
Temperature-Dependent Anomalies in the Structure of the (001) Surface of LiCu2O2
Surface corrugation functions, derived from elastic helium atom scattering
(HAS) diffraction patterns at different temperatures, reveal that the Cu2+ rows
in the (001) surface of LiCu2O2 undergo an outward displacement of about 0.15
{\AA} as the surface was cooled down to 140 K. This is probably the first time
that isolated one-dimensional magnetic ion arrays were realized, which
qualifies the Li1+Cu2+O2-2 surface as a candidate to study one-dimensional
magnetism. The rising Cu2+ rows induce a surface incommensurate structural
transition along the a-direction. Surface equilibrium analysis showed that the
surface Cu2+ ions at bulk-like positions experience a net outward force along
the surface normal which is relieved by the displacement. Temperature-dependent
changes of the surface phonon dispersions obtained with the aid of inelastic
HAS measurements combined with surface lattice dynamical calculations are also
reported.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure
The development and validation of an ergonomics index for assessing tractor operator work place
Selection of shrimp breeders free of white spot syndrome and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis
A Reassessment of the in vitro total protein content determination (TPC) with SIRC and 3T3 cells for the evaluation of the ocular irritation potential of shampoos: comparison with the in vivo Draize rabbit test
Decreased expression of cardiac troponin C is associated with cardiac lesions in Amorimia exotropica poisoned cattle
Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries
Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p
Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries
Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries
Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p
The Physics of Star Cluster Formation and Evolution
© 2020 Springer-Verlag. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-020-00689-4.Star clusters form in dense, hierarchically collapsing gas clouds. Bulk kinetic energy is transformed to turbulence with stars forming from cores fed by filaments. In the most compact regions, stellar feedback is least effective in removing the gas and stars may form very efficiently. These are also the regions where, in high-mass clusters, ejecta from some kind of high-mass stars are effectively captured during the formation phase of some of the low mass stars and effectively channeled into the latter to form multiple populations. Star formation epochs in star clusters are generally set by gas flows that determine the abundance of gas in the cluster. We argue that there is likely only one star formation epoch after which clusters remain essentially clear of gas by cluster winds. Collisional dynamics is important in this phase leading to core collapse, expansion and eventual dispersion of every cluster. We review recent developments in the field with a focus on theoretical work.Peer reviewe
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