Developing the Textbook for Teaching Arabic Using the Audiolingual to Enhance Language Skills at the Islamic Boarding School

This research aims to understand the following matters: 1) How to develop the prescribed book for teaching Arabic using the Audiolingual to enhance language skills, 2) The evaluation of linguistic and material experts regarding this book, 3) The experimental results of this book in enhancing language skills. The research methodology follows the pattern outlined by Sugiono in his book on scientific research. The researcher used testing, observation sheets, documents, and interviews to collect data. The research is conducted through the following steps: reviewing potential resources and identifying problems in the research field, collecting information about the product, designing the product according to theory, evaluating by experts, revising the product based on expert suggestions, testing the product in both the control and experimental classes and correcting the product (error correction based on some experimental feedback). For data analysis, to infer the comparison between two classes or pre- and post-teaching, statistical tests such as the paired t-test can be used. The t-test estimates the true difference between the means of two groups by comparing the difference in group means to the combined standard error of the groups. The research results indicate that the book was designed according to the theory explained by Ahmad Fouad in his book. After evaluation by both material and media experts, the book was deemed suitable for experimentation, with an 80% success rate in the trial phase. Following the experiment, the control class showed lower results than the experimental class, demonstrating that the Audiolingualis more effective and better for teaching Arabic. The success rate using this method was 88%

Axial Load-carrying Capacity of Steel Tubed Concrete Short Columns Confined with Advanced FRP Composites

Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) have wide applications in the field of concrete construction due to their superior performance over conventional materials. This research focuses on the structural behavior of steel tube FRP jacket–confined concrete (STFC) columns under axial concentric loading and proposes a new empirical equation for predicting the axial load-carrying capacity of STFC columns having thickness of FRP-fabric ranging from 0.09 mm to 5.9 mm. A large database of 700 FRP-confined concrete specimens is developed with the detailed information of critical parameters, i.e. elastic modulus of FRPs (Ef), compressive strength of unconfined concrete (fc’o), diameter of specimen (D), height of specimen (H), total thickness of FRPs (N.tf), and the ultimate strength of confined concrete (fc’c). After the preliminary evaluation of constructed database, a new empirical model is proposed for the prediction of axial compressive strength of FRP-confined specimens using general regression analysis by minimizing the error functions such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The proposed FRP-confinement strength model presented higher accuracy as compared with previously proposed models. Finally, an equation is proposed for the predictions of axial load carrying capacity of STFC columns. For the validation of proposed equation, an extensive parametric study is performed using the proposed nonlinear finite element model (FEM). The FEM is calibrated using the load-deflection results of STFC columns from literature. A close agreement was observed between the predictions of proposed finite element model and proposed capacity equation

Urinothorax Presenting As Respiratory Distress After Nephrolithotomy

Urinothorax is a rare and an underdiagnosed condition defined as presence of urine in pleural cavity. We report 2 cases that developed Urinothorax post Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, our experience of their management and clinical outcomes

Influence of edaphic properties in determining forest community patterns of the Zabarwan Mountain Range in the Kashmir Himalayas

The significance of edaphic factors in describing forest vegetation patterns is becoming more well acknowledged, with significant implications for the description of biogeographical regions and biome classification, as well as abundance and growth patterns at regional levels. The current study examines the vegetation association in the Zabarwan mountain range of the Western Himalayas and its association with edaphic factors. To collect data on forest types, we employed a systematic random sampling strategy in 60 plots (0.1 ha) across five forest types. We investigated data using ordination and cluster analysis approaches after calculating the important value index (henceforth IVI) for each plant species and edaphic data from forests. In total, 76 plant species from 39 different families were found in the area. The Rosaceae family was the most numerous, followed by Fabaceae and Asteraceae. Scrub forest types have lower diversity indices, while broad-leaved forest types have greater diversity indices. Two-way cluster analyses classified the forest vegetation of the Zabarwan mountain range into two plant communities on the basis of indicator plant species. The ordination analysis (canonical correspondence analysis) indicated that vegetation association tended to be influenced differently by distinct levels of soil parameters. The soil pH and calcium content were the main factors influencing the species distribution in the different forest types. The phytosociological features (basal area) were higher in coniferous forest type (74.49 m2ha−1) compared to broad-leaved (58.63 m2ha−1) and scrub forest type (15.4 m2ha−1). Overall, the goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of the impact of soil elements on forest composition and associations in order to develop scientifically based management options for forest ecosystem protection in the Himalayan region

Comparison of Conventional Cyclophosphamide versus Fludarabine-Based Conditioning in High-Risk Aplastic Anemia Patients Undergoing Matched-Related Donor Transplantation

Allogeneic stem cell transplant for high-risk aplastic anemia (AA) yields inferior results using conventional cyclophosphamide (CY)-based conditioning. The use of fludarabine (Flu)-based regimens has resulted in improved outcomes in high-risk patients. Limited data are available comparing these two conditioning regimens in such patients. We retrospectively analyzed 192 high-risk patients undergoing matched-related donor transplantation from July 2001 to December 2018. The median age was 19.5 (2–52) years. Patients were divided into 2 groups, Cy200 anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)20 (Gp1 n = 79) or Flu120–150 Cy120–160 ATG20 (Gp2 n = 113). The risk of graft failure was significantly higher in Gp1, and the majority occurred in patients with >2 risk factors (p = 0.02). The incidence of grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD was not significantly different between the two groups. The overall survival (OS) of the study cohort was 81.3 %, disease-free survival (DFS) 76.6 % and GVHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) was 64.1%. DFS and GRFS were significantly higher in Gp2 as compared to Gp1: DFS 84.1% versus 68.4 % (p = 0.02), GRFS 77.9% versus 54.4% (p = 0.01), respectively. We conclude that Flu-based conditioning is associated with superior OS, DFS and GRFS as compared to the conventional Cy-based regimen in high-risk AA

BHPR research: qualitative1. Complex reasoning determines patients' perception of outcome following foot surgery in rheumatoid arhtritis

Background: Foot surgery is common in patients with RA but research into surgical outcomes is limited and conceptually flawed as current outcome measures lack face validity: to date no one has asked patients what is important to them. This study aimed to determine which factors are important to patients when evaluating the success of foot surgery in RA Methods: Semi structured interviews of RA patients who had undergone foot surgery were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis of interviews was conducted to explore issues that were important to patients. Results: 11 RA patients (9 ♂, mean age 59, dis dur = 22yrs, mean of 3 yrs post op) with mixed experiences of foot surgery were interviewed. Patients interpreted outcome in respect to a multitude of factors, frequently positive change in one aspect contrasted with negative opinions about another. Overall, four major themes emerged. Function: Functional ability & participation in valued activities were very important to patients. Walking ability was a key concern but patients interpreted levels of activity in light of other aspects of their disease, reflecting on change in functional ability more than overall level. Positive feelings of improved mobility were often moderated by negative self perception ("I mean, I still walk like a waddling duck”). Appearance: Appearance was important to almost all patients but perhaps the most complex theme of all. Physical appearance, foot shape, and footwear were closely interlinked, yet patients saw these as distinct separate concepts. Patients need to legitimize these feelings was clear and they frequently entered into a defensive repertoire ("it's not cosmetic surgery; it's something that's more important than that, you know?”). Clinician opinion: Surgeons' post operative evaluation of the procedure was very influential. The impact of this appraisal continued to affect patients' lasting impression irrespective of how the outcome compared to their initial goals ("when he'd done it ... he said that hasn't worked as good as he'd wanted to ... but the pain has gone”). Pain: Whilst pain was important to almost all patients, it appeared to be less important than the other themes. Pain was predominately raised when it influenced other themes, such as function; many still felt the need to legitimize their foot pain in order for health professionals to take it seriously ("in the end I went to my GP because it had happened a few times and I went to an orthopaedic surgeon who was quite dismissive of it, it was like what are you complaining about”). Conclusions: Patients interpret the outcome of foot surgery using a multitude of interrelated factors, particularly functional ability, appearance and surgeons' appraisal of the procedure. While pain was often noted, this appeared less important than other factors in the overall outcome of the surgery. Future research into foot surgery should incorporate the complexity of how patients determine their outcome Disclosure statement: All authors have declared no conflicts of interes

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Left Main Coronary Artery Revascularization in Patients with Impaired Renal Function: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Introduction: The evidence about the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease and impaired renal function is limited. Thus, we aimed to compare the outcomes of LMCA disease revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] vs. coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG]) in patients with and without impaired renal function. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2,138 patients recruited from 14 centers between 2015 and 2,019. We compared patients with impaired renal function who had PCI (n= 316) to those who had CABG (n = 121) and compared patients with normal renal function who had PCI (n = 906) to those who had CABG (n = 795). The study outcomes were in-hospital and follow-up major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of in-hospital MACCE was significantly higher in CABG compared to PCI in patients with impaired renal function (odds ratio [OR]: 8.13 [95% CI: 4.19–15.76], p &lt; 0.001) and normal renal function (OR: 2.59 [95% CI: 1.79–3.73]; p &lt; 0.001). There were no differences in follow-up MACCE between CABG and PCI in patients with impaired renal function (HR: 1.14 [95% CI: 0.71–1.81], p = 0.585) and normal renal function (HR: 1.12 [0.90–1.39], p = 0.312). Conclusions: PCI could have an advantage over CABG in revascularization of LMCA disease in patients with impaired renal function regarding in-hospital MACCE. The follow-up MACCE was comparable between PCI and CABG in patients with impaired and normal renal function

REDESAIN IDENTITAS VISUAL “BASO RAOS FROZEN DAPUR IBU NIT NIT” UNTUK MENARIK PELANGGAN SECARA LEBIH LUAS

Dapur Ibu Nit-Nit merupakan merek dagang pada beberapa produk makanan olahan yang fokusnya pada bakso beku atau bakso frozen. Identitas visual pada Dapur Ibu Nit-Nit tidak diterapkan secara maksimal sehingga produknya tidak dikenal lebih luas. Oleh karena itu, redesain identitas visual perlu dilakukan sebagai langkah yang tepat untuk melakukan promosi dan membangun citra positif konsumen terhadap produk Dapur Ibu Nit-Nit yang sehat dan berkualitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain penelitian practice led research. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah redesain pada Dapur Ibu Nit-Nit untuk diaplikasikan dan implementasi pada produk makanan olahan untuk membangun desain yang positif dan baik di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa peneliti menginterpretasikan visi misi, karakter konsumen dan penempatan brand Dapur Ibu Nit-nit dalam bentuk elemen visual yang dijadikan dasar identitas visual meliputi logo, warna, tipografi, dan desain mockup pada media-media tertentu. ----------- Ibu Nit-Nit's Kitchen is a trademark for several processed food products which focus on frozen meatballs. The visual identity of Ibu Nit-Nit's Kitchen was not implemented optimally so the product was not widely known. Therefore, a visual identity redesign needs to be carried out as the right step to promote and build a positive consumer image of healthy and quality Ibu Nit-Nit Kitchen products. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a practice-led research design. The research carried out was a redesign of Ibu Nit-Nit's Kitchen to be applied and implemented in processed food products to build a positive and good design in society. The results of the research that has been carried out can be concluded that the researcher interpreted the vision and mission, consumer character and placement of the Ibu Nit-nit Kitchen brand in the form of visual elements which are used as the basis for visual identity including logos, colors, typography and mockup designs in certain media

To evaluate and compare the stress distribution pattern in the crestal bone around implants with various thread designs : A three dimensional finite element study

Aim:- To evaluate and compare the effect of thread geometry i.e. V-shape, Square and Buttress under 100 N force on peri-implant bone via Finite &nbsp;Element. Materials &amp; Method:- Three virtual models was prepared having implants with different thread designs:- V– thread design Model I; Square thread design Model II and Buttress thread design Model III. Loading points were marked on the superstructure (crowns virtually fabricated for each of the abutments) and 100N of vertical and oblique forces at an angle of 45º were applied. ANSYS software was used for qualitative and quantitative stress analysis. Maximum von Mises stresses and strain values at the implant surface and abutment were recorded. Results:- Highest displacement was seen in square shaped thread designed implants (0.46) followed by buttress shaped and then V-shaped thread design of implants (0.056). The mean stress for V-shaped design implants, square shaped design implants and buttress design implants were 6.12, 6.18 and 6.11 respectively. Highest difference in stress on abutment was 33.84, 32.59 and 20.53 in V shaped, square shaped and buttress shaped designs respectively. Conclusion:- Square shape thread design has biomechanical advantages in terms of reducing stress concentration and microstrain in bone