Effect of slow stroke back massage on anxiety in patients with stroke- A randomized clinical trial

زمینه و هدف: سکته ی ‌مغزی یک بیماری ناتوان کننده می‌باشد که استقلال بیمار را در انجام فعالیت های روزمره به شدت محدود نموده و باعث اضطراب بیمار می شود. ماساژ درمانی به عنوان یک هنر مفید و مؤثر در حرفه پرستاری شناخته شده است که یکی از انواع آن، ماساژ استروک سطحی پشت (SSBM) می باشد. لذا پژوهش حاضر به منظور تعیین تأثیر ماساژ SSBM بر اضطراب بیماران مبتلا به سکته ی مغزی انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش کارآزمایی بالینی که به صورت نیمه تجربی انجام شد، تعداد 34 بیمار از میان 70 بیمار مراجعه کننده به مرکز توانبخشی تبسم شهر تهران در سال 1389 انتخاب شدند و به روش تصادفی در دو گروه مداخله و شاهد قرار گرفتند. ابزار گرد آوری داده ها شامل پرسشنامه های مشخصات دموگرافیک و اضطراب آشکار اسپیل‌برگر بود. میزان اضطراب قبل و 24 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسه ماساژ SSBM در گروه ها ارزیابی و مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. یافته ها: میانگین نمره اضطراب قبل از مداخله در گروه آزمون 8/25±61/40 و در گروه شاهد 3/85±61/80 بود که از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معناداری را نشان نداد (P>0/05). پس از مداخله میانگین نمره اضطراب گروه آزمون 4/62±34/60 و گروه شاهد 3/44±58/80 بدست آمد که تفاوت معناداری را نسبت به قبل از آزمون نشان داد (0/001>P). نتیجه گیری: بکارگیری ماساژ SSBM توسط پرسنل درمانی و مراقبتی می‌تواند گام مؤثری در پیشگیری یا کاهش اضطراب مبتلایان به سکته ی مغزی محسوب گردد

Information Security from a Scientometric Perspective

During recent years, Information societies are continually confronted with security threats and information vulnerabilities. Literature analysis of major disciplines is one of the key tools available to policymakers of research institutions and organizations. Scientometrics is the field of study which concerns itself with measuring and analyzing scientific literature. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the research trends of information security in the Middle-East and the world from a scientometric perspective. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used in this study. The Scopus citation database was used to collect the publication data, as the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Therefore, all documents related to "information security" were retrieved and analyzed. The results showed that the majority of scientific publications in the field of information security were produced in the United States of America and China. Among the Middle-Eastern countries, Iran ranked the first in terms of scientific publications in the field of information security while ranked 23th among the countries of the world. It is apparent that paying special attention to the field of information and data security in terms of international scientific collaborations, using knowledge and experiences of the leading, and supporting research and development in this field can improve the quality and quantity of scientific publications in this field. The expertise gathered during the process will prove invaluable and effective in confronting the security threats and vulnerabilities posed to information societies

Factors Associated with Self-Management in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

AbstractIntroduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases that is also highlyprevalent among adolescents. The present study was conducted to determine therelationship between demographic characteristics and self-management in adolescentswith type 1 diabetes.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 426 adolescents withtype 1 diabetes aged 13 to 18, and diagnosed for at least one year. The research toolsincluded a demographic information form covering the patients’ personal, family,and health details, and the Self-Management of type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence(SMOD-A) with five subscales of collaboration with parents, diabetes care activities,diabetes problem-solving, diabetes communication, and diabetes goals. The contentvalidity of the measure was then evaluated by a group of experts and found to beacceptable (SCVI = 98%). In the assessment of the measure›s reliability, the intraclasscorrelation showed an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88. The test-retest showed aconsistency of 0.73 for the measure.Results: The results obtained showed that the presence of another diabetic memberin the family leads to higher levels of self-management in some dimensions, includingproblem-solving, communication, and goals, yet to lower levels in some others,including collaboration with parents and diabetes care activities. A direct relationshipwas observed between the duration of time since the diagnosis and the scores obtainedby the adolescents. An inverse relationship was observed between the type of physicianin charge and the scores obtained in the subscales of collaboration with parents,problem-solving, communication, and goals. The scores obtained were directly relatedto having a school health record and having access to diabetic care tools at school.Family income was found to be directly related to diabetes care activities and inverselyto problem-solving, communication and goals. P of ≤ 0.05 was considered significantfor all relationships.Conclusions: Self-management was found to be moderate to good among Iranianadolescents with type 1 diabetes; however, it could be further improved with thesupport of both families and medical teams involved

Frequency of Celiac Disease in Patients with Hypothyroidism

Background. Celiac disease (CD) is closely associated with other autoimmune endocrine disorders, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to find the frequency of celiac disease in patients with hypothyroidism in Guilan province, north of Iran. Methods. A total of 454 consecutive patients with hypothyroidism underwent celiac serological tests antiGliadin antibodies (AGA), antitissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) and antiendomysial antibodies (EMA-IgA). Small intestinal biopsy was performed when any of celiac serological tests was positive. Results. Eleven (2.4%) patients were positive for celiac serology, and two patients with documented villous atrophy were diagnosed with classic CD (0.4%; 95%). Two patients with classic CD had Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (0.6%; 95%). Six (54.5%) of 11 were suffering from overt hypothyroidism and 45.5% from subclinical hypothyroidism. Six (54.5%) had HT, and 45.5% had nonautoimmune hypothyroidism. Conclusions. In this study, prevalence of CD was lower than other studies. Most of the patients with CD were suffering from HT, but there was no significant statistical relation between CD and HT

The Relationship between Antecedents and Processes of Unlearning and Organizational Innovation among Hamedan Teaching Hospitals

Introduction: Hospitals should provide necessary conditions for the renewal of knowledge, skill and attitude through unlearning. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between antecedents and processes of unlearning and organizational innovation among the teaching hospitals of Hamedan. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study included 1352 health personnel in four teaching hospitals of Hamedan. To select the administrative personnel, we used the total population; also, for physicians, and for the health personnel we used purposeful voluntary sampling and stratified random sampling, respectively. Based on the methods, 431 were selected as the subjects. Research instruments were unlearning researcher-made questionnaire and innovation scale. Data were analyzed through multivariate regression analysis and structural equation model using SPSS19 and LISREL 8.54 software. Results: The results indicated that organizational support and training, frequency of changes, and predictability of changes were the positive and significant predictors of the product, process and administrative dimensions. The group crisis was the negative and significant predictor of the product and administrative dimensions. Organizational memory was the positive and significant predictor of the administrative dimension. Individual processes, group processes, and organizational processes were the positive and significant predictors of organizational innovation. Conclusion: Based on the effective role of organizational support and training, organizational memory and frequency of changes and predictability of changes on innovation in teaching hospitals, it is suggested that the administrators and authorities of the hospitals should accept new opinions of their personnel

Information Security from a Scientometric Perspective

During recent years, Information societies are continually confronted with security threats and information vulnerabilities. Literature analysis of major disciplines is one of the key tools available to policymakers of research institutions and organizations. Scientometrics is the field of study which concerns itself with measuring and analyzing scientific literature. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the research trends of information security in the Middle-East and the world from a scientometric perspective. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used in this study. The Scopus citation database was used to collect the publication data, as the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Therefore, all documents related to "information security" were retrieved and analyzed. The results showed that the majority of scientific publications in the field of information security were produced in the United States of America and China. Among the Middle-Eastern countries, Iran ranked the first in terms of scientific publications in the field of information security while ranked 23th among the countries of the world. It is apparent that paying special attention to the field of information and data security in terms of international scientific collaborations, using knowledge and experiences of the leading, and supporting research and development in this field can improve the quality and quantity of scientific publications in this field. The expertise gathered during the process will prove invaluable and effective in confronting the security threats and vulnerabilities posed to information societies

The Impact of Individualized Music Therapy on the Behavior of Agitation in Elderly Patients with Alzheimer Living in Nursing Homes

Background and objective: Music therapy is a non- expensive, non- invasive and applicable nursing intervention that can be applied by nurses and family caregivers in different situations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of selected music on agitation behaviors of elderlies who are suffering from Alzheimer disease and residing at selected nursing homes of Tehran city. Methods: The present study was performed in a Semi-experiential.  34 elderly individuals with Alzheimer who show agitation behaviors were selected and they were randomly divided to two groups: intervention group (n=17) and control group (n=17). The individualized music was collected on CDs based on the elderly peoples’ preferences or if they suffered from severe cognitive impairment, their families were asked to select the music. Subsequently the individualized music was played by headphone in three sessions per week, afternoon and each session lasted for 20-30 minutes during 1.5 month for intervention group. For control group, no intervention was taken and they only received routine daily care measures of nursing homes. Data was gathered in 4 times for groups: Pre Test, Post Test1 (after 9 sessions), Post Test 2(after 18 sessions) and follow up step (a month after intervention). The tools for collecting data include: demographic inventory, Cohen- Mansfield’s Agitation Inventory (1986) and Abbreviated mental test (1972). The data were analyzed by MANOVA/ANOVA test on p 0.05), while after execution of intervention, significant difference was observed in all three measurement stages (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports the effect of individualized music on reduction of agitation behaviors of elderly people who are suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and reside in nursing homes. Paper Type: Research Article

Barriers to Support for Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Parents who have children with cerebral palsy are exposed to the complicated care procedures of the afflicted child. Thus, they need support in order to decrease problems in this respect. However, their needs are not sufficiently met. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore barriers to support for parents of children with cerebral palsy. Method: This qualitative study was conducted in 2011-2012 using content analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to select the participants and continued until data saturation was reached. As a result, 31 participants from among parents of children with cerebral palsy referred to the rehabilitation centers in Tehran, Iran, and experts were sel categories of organizational barriers (poor institutional coordination and communication, and lack of supportive laws with administrative support), professional barriers (poor teamwork, and lack of professional competency), and family barriers. Conclusion: Through understanding parents' needs and complementing supportive laws for parents with afflicted children, coordination among supportive organizations, and planning for comprehensive care along with supportive services packages, policy makers and health services managers can help eliminate parents' problems with regard to caring for their children with cerebral palsy. Keywords: Parents, Cerebral palsy in children, Support, Barriers, Qualitative study

Challenges nurses experienced in caring for patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Units: A Qualitative Study

Background: Nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) have experienced numerous challenges while caring for patients with COVID-19.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore ICU nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19.Methods: This research presents part of a qualitative study conducted using a grounded theory approach. Participants consisted of nurses and physicians from the selected hospitals in Sabzevar, Neishabour, and Mashhad, Iran. Data collection was performed using semi-structured in-depth interviews. Participants were enrolled via purposive sampling during 2022–2023. A total of 21 participants were interviewed. The method of Corbin and Strauss (2015) was used to analyze the data. We used Guba and Lincoln’s four criteria of credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability to ensure data trustworthiness.Results: Four main categories emerged from the data that collectively reflect the experiences of Iranian ICU nurses in caring for COVID-19 patients. These categories included ward overcrowding, changing patterns, complexity of care, and feeling exhausted. All of these categories show that Iranian ICU nurses were under intense pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: This study showed that taking care of patients was very exhausting for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital authorities and nursing administrators have a responsibility to support nurses and provide them facilities to feel less stress and uncertainty, while caring for patients with COVID-19