Quantum gravity effects on Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz black hole

In this paper, we would like to obtain quantum gravity effects by using Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz black hole. We consider logarithmic corrected thermodynamics quantities and investigate the effects of logarithmic correction term. Logarithmic correction comes from thermal fluctuation and may be interpreted as quantum loop corrections. As black hole is a gravitational system, hence we can investigate quantum gravity effect. We find such effects on the black hole stability and obtain domain of correction coefficient.Comment: 22 pages, Accepted for publication in NP

Irrigation Water Management in South Carolina - Trends and Needs

2008 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Addressing Water Challenges Facing the State and Regio

Persian Gardens: Meanings, Symbolism, and Design

Culture and identity in a society can be represented in the architecture and the meanings intertwined with it. In this sense, the architecture and design are the interface for transferring meaning and identity to the nation and future generations. Persian gardens have been evolved through the history of Persian Empire in regard to the culture and beliefs of the society. This paper aims to investigate the patterns of design and architecture in Persian gardens and the meanings intertwined with their patterns and significant elements such as water and trees. Persian gardens are not only about geometries and shapes; but also manifest different design elements, each representing a specific symbol and its significance among the society. This paper seeks to explore Persian gardens in terms of their geometric structure, irrigation system, network construction and pavilions alongside design qualities such as hierarchy, symmetry, centrality, rhythm and harmony. In the second stage, the paper investigates the fundamental symbols and their philosophy in the creation of Persian gardens and in relation to the architecture and design

Disclosure of Medical Errors: Attitudes of Iranian Internists and Surgeons

Background: Despite the widespread prevalence of medical errors and increased concerns of healthcare managers and the public about the disclosure of medical errors in recent decades, existing evidence shows that physicians still ignore the importance of disclosure of those errors. The present study aims to investigate the attitudes of Iranian internists and surgeons towards the disclosure of medical errors. Method: In this cross-sectional study, after a research purpose briefing, a checklist eliciting basic information and a questionnaire measuring attitudes towards the disclosure of medical errors was distributed to participant physicians at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The questionnaires were returned filled out by 107 participants (54 internists and 53 surgeons). Results: Although 77%, 53% and 44% of the participants agreed to the disclosure of serious, minor and near miss medical errors, respectively, 83% believed that it's very difficult for them to disclose medical errors and 48% asserted that disclosure of medical errors would threaten patients' trust in physicians. In addition, 78% of the participants believed in notifying hospital or ward authorities of the occurrence of medical errors while only 53% agreed to notify colleagues in case of medical errors. Patients' litigations (51%), unfamiliarity with patients' temperament (46%) and patients' asperity (40%) were the most prevalence reasons for nondisclosure of medical errors. No significant difference was found among participants' attitudes in terms of sex and age groups (p>0.05). In terms of specialty, surgeons expressed significantly more agreement than internists about declaration of medical errors to hospital and ward authorities (87% Vs 70%, p=0.039) and to other colleagues (66% Vs 41%, p=0.009). In addition, the surgeons believed that the disclosure of medical errors would minimize the likelihood of patients' litigations (60% Vs 42%, p=0.049). Internists and surgeons' attitudes did not differ over other issues (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although the majority of specialists agreed to the disclosure of serious medical errors, more than 80% of them regarded it as an awkward act. In addition, half of the participants considered disclosure as a threat to patient trust and felt deterred by patients' litigations. Therefore, it seems that disclosure of medical errors is a serious issue in Iran which needs to be addressed by healthcare system policy makers