372 research outputs found

    Историко-педагогический обзор детской беспризорности в Древней Руси и императорской России

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    Axially resolved microphotoluminescence mapping of semiconductor nanowires held in an optical tweezers reveals important new experimental information regarding equilibrium trapping points and trapping stability of high aspect ratio nanostructures. In this study, holographic optical tweezers are used to scan trapped InP nanowires along the beam direction with respect to a fixed excitation source and the luminescent properties are recorded. It is observed that nanowires with lengths on the range of 3–15 μm are stably trapped near the tip of the wire with the long segment positioned below the focus in an inverted trapping configuration. Through the use of trap multiplexing we investigate the possibility of improving the axial stability of the trapped nanowires. Our results have important implication for applications of optically assisted nanowire assembly and optical tweezers based scanning probes microscopy

    bee_flying_fps[10]_1.mp4

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    A set of dynamic holograms was generated by capturing the multiple motion states of the bee

    Essays in Financial Economics

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    This thesis studies the interrelation between the financial market and the real economy. Financial market as part of the economy is affected by, as well as affects the real economy. My thesis essentially touches base on the two directions around this loop. To study how the real economy affects financial market, I looked at the stock market’s response to the macroeconomic news announcements, and unfold some interesting phenomena: Chapter 1 shows that investors surprisingly underreact to some important macroeconomic news announcements, the Initial Jobless Claims report. The stock market continues to drift up (down) for several months following the good (bad) employment news. Chapter 2 shows that investors will factor in the concurrent macroeconomic information when they are trading firm-specific earnings announcements. Investors react more strongly to the earnings announcements when the macroeconomic news and the earnings news are concordant (i.e., both positive or both negative). To study how the financial market affects the real economy, I looked at how the stock market’s design influences macroeconomic variables. By collecting a large panel dataset which covers various countries and stock market trading rules, Chapter 3 shows that a well-designed stock market could decrease a country’s funding cost and improve its allocative efficiency. This could potentially provide policy implications for the financial regulations

    FocusVari_fps[5]_1.mp4

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    The reconstruction of a static action of the bee at different distances

    2-ThaiStatue_10fps_atDiffPosition_new.mp4

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    The reconstruction of the high-resolution hologram for the Thai Statue at different distances

    1-ThreeObjects_10fps_new.mp4

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    Three objects are automatically culled occlusion during rotation and numerically reconstructed at different distances

    3-ThaiStatue_8fps_rotating_at253.5_new.mp4

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    The numerical reconstruction of the Thai Statue with automatic occlusion-culling during rotation

    Silencing <i>Bcl-2</i> aggravates the apoptotic effect of proteostasis modulators.

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    <p>(<b>A</b>) Relative mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 in GD fibroblasts incubated with siRNA for 48 hrs and treated with lacidipine (10 µM) and EerI (6 µM) for additional 24 hrs evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and calculated as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0061418#pone-0061418-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4</a> (ANOVA, p<0.05). (<b>B</b>) Flow cytometry analysis of PI binding population change (%) of GD fibroblasts incubated with siRNA for 48 hrs followed by lacidipine (10 µM) and EerI (6 µM) treatment for 16 hrs (ANOVA, p<0.01). The change in PI binding population (%) was calculated by subtracting PI binding values of cells treated with small molecules to that of cells only incubated with control siRNA. The data is reported as mean ± SD. Number of total counted cells: 10,000. (<b>C</b>) Relative L444P GC activities in cells incubated with Bcl-2 or control siRNA for 48 hrs followed by lacidipine (10 µM) and EerI (6 µM) treatment for additional 48 hrs. Relative GC activities were evaluated as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0061418#pone-0061418-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1B</a> (ANOVA, p<0.01). Experiments were repeated three times and data points are reported as mean ± SD. Lac, lacidipine.</p

    Upregulation of <i>Bcl-2</i> protects GD cells from apoptosis induced by proteostasis modulators.

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    <p>(<b>A</b>) Relative mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 in cells treated with EerI (2 and 6 µM), MG-132 (0.6 µM), and fluvastatin (100 nM) for 24 hrs evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR and calculated as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0061418#pone-0061418-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4</a> (ANOVA, p<0.05). (<b>B</b>) PI binding population change (%) of cells treated with EerI (2 and 6 µM), MG-132 (0.6 µM), and fluvastatin (100 nM) for 16 hrs compared to untreated cells (p<0.01). The data is reported as mean ± SD. Number of total counted cells: 10,000. (<b>C</b>) L444P GC activities of GD fibroblasts treated with EerI (2 and 6 µM), MG-132 (0.6 µM), and fluvastatin (100 nM) for 48 hrs. Relative GC activities were evaluated as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0061418#pone-0061418-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1B</a> (ANOVA, p<0.01). Experiments were repeated three times and data points are reported as mean ± SD. MG, MG-132; Flu, fluvastatin.</p

    Co-treatment with EerI and lacidipine enhances lysosomal trafficking and activity of L444P GC.

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    <p>(<b>A</b>) Lacidipine and EerI modulate distinct pathways of the proteostasis network that regulate the processing of GC. Lacidipine enhances ER folding by restoring Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis in GD cells <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0061418#pone.0061418-Wang2" target="_blank">[14]</a>. Specifically, lacidipine inhibits extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx through L-type voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels (LTCC) on the plasma membrane and blocks ER Ca<sup>2+</sup> efflux through ryanodine receptors (RyRs) on the ER membrane, thus restoring the intracellular gradient of [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]. EerI treatment enhances retention of unstable proteins in the ER. Particularly, EerI inhibits p97 ATPase activity, which promotes retro-translocation of misfolded substrates from the ER to the cytoplasm for ER-associated degradation (ERAD). (<b>B</b>) L444P GC activities of GD cells treated with a range of concentrations of EerI and constant doses of lacidipine (5, 10, or 20 µM) for 48 hrs. Relative GC activities were evaluated by normalizing GC activities measured in treated cells to the activity in untreated cells (left y axis), (ANOVA, p<0.01 if not specified; *p<0.001). The corresponding fraction of WT GC activity is also reported (right y axis). Experiments were repeated three times and data points are reported as mean ± SD. Lac, lacidipine. (<b>C–D</b>) Immunofluorescence microscopy of GC and CNX (an ER marker), and GC and LAMP-1 (a lysosomal marker) in L444P GC fibroblasts. Cells were treated with EerI (6 µM), and lacidipine (10 µM) for 48 hrs. (<b>C</b>) Colocalization of CNX (grey, column 1) and GC (red, column 2) is shown in pink (column 3). (<b>D</b>) Colocalization of LAMP-1 (blue, column 1) and GC (red, column 2) is shown in purple (column 3). Heatmaps of co-localization images were obtained with NIH ImageJ analysis software (column 4). Hot colors represent positive correlation (co-localization), whereas cold colors represent negative correlation (exclusion).</p
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