Prospek Regionalisme Timur-Tengah Pasca-Arab Spring: Telaah terhadap Identitas Kolektif Liga Arab

Several large demonstrations have taken place all over the world in recent years, especially arab spring is a revolutionary wave of protests, and wars occurring in the middle east that. Therefore, this paper try to elaborate the prospect of regionalism in Middle-east after Arab Spring occured. Some academician believed that the dramatical transtition of political regime in middle east can be enable a more deeper integration of arab league than before. But along to the history, the integration of Arab league always restraint because of the absence of collective identity. Indeed, one of the most impotant thing to determine regionalism is collective identity. Collective identity cant be easily constructed when the member still have a misperception among the others. On the other hand, the transformation of global economics push the appearance of south south cooperation. This condition could be push a economic cooperation among arab league members as a first step in institutionalization process.Keyword: Collective Identity, Arab league, Arab Spring, Regionalism, and South-South Cooperation

Discrete formulation for multi-objective optimal design of produced water treatment

Produced water is the largest waste stream generated during oil and gas production. In offshore platforms, the majority of the produced water is discharged into the ocean. This results in an increase in the amount of toxic organic and inorganic compounds in the receiving environment and hence may threaten marine life. Therefore, many environmental agencies have enforced limits on the concentrations of toxic contaminants in the discharged water. To meet these regulations and to secure another potential source of fresh water, especially in water-stressed countries, the treatment of produced water becomes an attractive alternative to discharging the water. However, most of the research to date has focused on the economics of water treatment without consideration of other aspects, such as environmental and social impacts. These other aspects may have a significant impact on design decisions. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for the identification and design of alternative configurations for the treatment of produced water. The design problem is formulated as a mixed integer dynamic optimization model. In this approach, different technologies are assigned and linked in a given sequence resulting in a process flowsheet. The mixed integer dynamic optimization problem is solved using a nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimization procedure based on plant propagation. The design of the individual processing steps in the flowsheet is based on population balance modeling. The models take into account the evolution of the oil droplet and solid particle distribution due to breakage and coalescence phenomena. The distribution is represented by a discrete formulation based on a logarithmic discretization of the space (droplet/particle volume). Multiple case studies are presented which consider two criteria for design: economics and environmental impact. The pool of considered technologies in this study includes a variety of processing steps such as gravity separation, hydrocyclone, and membrane technologies aiming to meet the requirements of different destinations. The result is a set of designs that trade-off the two criteria, providing some of the necessary information for a decision maker to choose a particular design for implementation

NILAI-NILAI HUMANISME DALAM MENJAGA HARMONISASI KERAGAMAN MASYARAKAT

Penguatan terhadap kualitas harmoni tersebut semestinya juga diarahkan pada pengembangan nilai-nilai dinamis yang direpresentasikan dengan suasana hubungan interaktif, bergerak, bersemangat dan bergairah dalam mengembangkan nilai kepedulian, kearifan, dan kebajikan bersama. Nilai-nilai humanisme dapat diterapkan melalui pertama, toleransi yaitu sikap yang dikembangkan untuk menunjukkan sikap saling menghargai dan menghormati aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh orang lain. Kedua, pluralisme yaitu sikap untuk menciptakan sebuah tatanan kehidupan yang menghargai dan menerima kemajemukan dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari. Ketiga, Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) yaitu salah satu pilar kewargaan masyarakat yang hakikatnya adalah membangun kebebasan yang manusiawi. Keempat, keadilan sosial yang berarti keseimbangan dan pembagian yang proporsional terhadap hak dan kewajiban setiap warga negara yang mencakup semua aspek kehidupan, termasuk beragama dan berkeyakinan Salah satu upaya untuk membangun kerukunan antarumat beragama yaitu dengan adanya komunikasi yang baik antarpemeluk agama, sehingga tiap-tiap pemeluk agama merasa memiliki kedudukan yang sama, saling menghormati, menghargai pandangan dan pendapat pemeluk agama lain. Ini merupakan salah satu jembatan dalam membangun komunikasi positif sebagai upaya membangun kerukunan antarumat beragama.Kata Kunci: Nilai, Humanisme, Harmoni

The lethal effect of detergent on Microcyclops sp.

Microcyclops sp. was exposed to selected detergents (two dishwasher detergents, one washing-powder, one washing-machine powder and one shampoo) for 24 hours. The results indicated the dishwasher powder had higher lethal effect on Microcyclops sp. than the other examined detergents, especially one containing 17% Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate, 5% Di-Ethanolamine and 2% Lauric Acid. The permissible concentration and the LC50 for the dishwasher powder is 7.84 and 13.32 mg/l respectively. Among the powders the washing-machine powder appeared to be least lethal (LC50 = 43.87 mg/l) and the shampoo with LC50 of 47.27 mg/l had the lowest lethal effect on Microcyclops sp.. Correlation rate of the detergent concentration logarithm and the mortality of Microcyclops sp. ranged between 94-98%

COMMUNITY DETECTION AND INFLUENCE MAXIMIZATION IN ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS

The detecting and clustering of data and users into communities on the social web are important and complex issues in order to develop smart marketing models in changing and evolving social ecosystems. These marketing models are created by individual decision to purchase a product and are influenced by friends and acquaintances. This leads to novel marketing models, which view users as members of online social network communities, rather than the traditional view of marketing to individuals. This thesis starts by examining models that detect communities in online social networks. Then an enhanced approach to detect community which clusters similar nodes together is suggested. Social relationships play an important role in determining user behavior. For example, a user might purchase a product that his/her friend recently bought. Such a phenomenon is called social influence and is used to study how far the action of one user can affect the behaviors of others. Then an original metric used to compute the influential power of social network users based on logs of common actions in order to infer a probabilistic influence propagation model. Finally, a combined community detection algorithm and suggested influence propagation approach reveals a new influence maximization model by identifying and using the most influential users within their communities. In doing so, we employed a fuzzy logic based technique to determine the key users who drive this influence in their communities and diffuse a certain behavior. This original approach contrasts with previous influence propagation models, which did not use similarity opportunities among members of communities to maximize influence propagation. The performance results show that the model activates a higher number of overall nodes in contemporary social networks, starting from a smaller set of key users, as compared to existing landmark approaches which influence fewer nodes, yet employ a larger set of key users

Efektifitas Penggunaan Metode Iqro pada Pembelajaran Al-Quran di TPQ Masjid Arrahman Villa Pamulang

One aspect of education that has received less attention is the education of reading the Koran. In general, parents are more focused on general education and pay less attention to religious education, including education to read the Koran. As a first step is to lay a strong religious foundation in children as a preparation for wading through life and their lives.This study discusses: (1) How is the effectiveness of the Iqro method in improving the ability to read and write the Qur'an at TPQ Arrahman Villa Pamulang Mosque?, (2) what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the effectiveness of the Iqro method in improving Al-Qur'an literacy 'an at TPQ Arrahman Villa Pamulang MosqueThis study aims to determine: (1) The effectiveness of the Iqro method in teaching Al-Qur'an reading and writing, (2) supporting factors and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the Iqro' method in improving Al-Qur'an reading and writing at TPQ Arrahman Mosque Villa Pamulang .This type of research is field research with data sources from the leadership of TPQ Arrahman Villa Pamulang Mosque, data documents. In collecting data using interviews, documentation, and observation methods. While the method of data analysis is descriptive qualitative.The results showed that: (1) The Iqro learning method implemented at TPQ Arrahman Villa Pamulang Mosque was effective, indicated by the achievement of the following indicators: a. The teacher masters the material and conveys the learning material well, b. Students follow and understand learning well, c. The student scores are good and the achievements are satisfactory, (2) The supporting factors in the Iqro method are: a. students who will take lessons in reading and writing the letters of the Koran. With the presence of students in teaching and learning activities will run well, b. Teacher as the use of the application of the method so that it can work well, c. The time allocation used in this activity is determined by a schedule so that in the use of this very short time it will be carried out as effectively as possible. In addition to supporting factors, there are also factors that hinder the course of the Iqro learning method, namely: a. The condition of students and various backgrounds affect the teaching and learning process, b. Teachers are required to improve the quality of their abilities, namely mastering science, skilled in teaching