Analytical investigation of the one dimensional heat transfer in logarithmic various surfaces

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate of the effect of temperature variation on the logarithmic surface. By using the appropriate similarity transformation for the generation components and temperature, the basic equations governing flow and heat transfer are reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations. These equations have been solved approximately subject to the relevant boundary conditions with numerical and analytical techniques. The reliability and performance of the present method have been compared with the numerical method (Runge–Kutta fourth-rate) to solve this problem. Then, LSM is used to solve nonlinear equation in heat transfer. This method is useful and practical for solving the nonlinear equation in heat transfer. It is observed that the obtained results by present analytical method are very close to result of the numerical method. Furthermore, the results show that the temperature profiles decreased by increasing the α number, and, temperature profiles increased by increasing the β number

Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children

Introduction: Dextranomer/hyaluronic (Dx/HA) acid is the only tissue-augmenting agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) treatment. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes of the Dx/HA in patients who had undergone subureteric injection. Patients and Methods: In this study, 30 patients with VUR diagnosis who had indications for open surgery were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent subureteric Dx/HA injection. Additionally patients underwent a one-year follow up period, subsequently. Follow up included urine analysis, urine cultures and kidney and urinary tract ultrasonography study. Results: Of a total 30 patients, 8 patients (27) were male and 22 patients (73) were female. The mean age of patients was 25.19 ± 0.70 months. Postoperative VUR resolution was observed in 28 patients (93.3). Moreover, during one year follow up, urinary tract infection (UTI) was not reported in patients. However, recurrent VUR was detected in 8 patients (27) during ultrasonography follow up. Analysis showed no significant difference of recurrence in VUR between males and females (P = 0.285) and VUR severity (P = 0.1). There was a significant relationship between recurrent UTI history before intervention and VUR recurrence after subureteric injection (P = 0.007). Conclusion: Dx/HA acid subureteric injection provides acceptable resolution rate among VUR patients, but its biodegradability causes VUR recurrence during one-year follow up. © 2018 The Author(s)

Endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux in children

Introduction: Dextranomer/hyaluronic (Dx/HA) acid is the only tissue-augmenting agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) treatment. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes of the Dx/HA in patients who had undergone subureteric injection. Patients and Methods: In this study, 30 patients with VUR diagnosis who had indications for open surgery were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent subureteric Dx/HA injection. Additionally patients underwent a one-year follow up period, subsequently. Follow up included urine analysis, urine cultures and kidney and urinary tract ultrasonography study. Results: Of a total 30 patients, 8 patients (27) were male and 22 patients (73) were female. The mean age of patients was 25.19 ± 0.70 months. Postoperative VUR resolution was observed in 28 patients (93.3). Moreover, during one year follow up, urinary tract infection (UTI) was not reported in patients. However, recurrent VUR was detected in 8 patients (27) during ultrasonography follow up. Analysis showed no significant difference of recurrence in VUR between males and females (P = 0.285) and VUR severity (P = 0.1). There was a significant relationship between recurrent UTI history before intervention and VUR recurrence after subureteric injection (P = 0.007). Conclusion: Dx/HA acid subureteric injection provides acceptable resolution rate among VUR patients, but its biodegradability causes VUR recurrence during one-year follow up. © 2018 The Author(s)

Quality of life in patients with vitiligo: A cross-sectional study based on Vitiligo Quality of Life index (VitiQoL)

Background: Vitiligo is a multi-factorial pigmentary skin disorder. Recently, the importance of emotional and psychological issues is proposed in incidence, progression, relapse and remission of vitiligo. There are limited studies conducted in developing countries, which assess life quality of patients with vitiligo. The aim of this study was the application and evaluation of a disease-specific quality of life index in Iranian patients, for the first time. Methods: This cross-sectional biphasic study was conducted on 25 patients as a pilot and another 173 patients as the main study group, in Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2013-2014. Persian version of Vitiligo Quality of Life index (VitiQoL) was developed with backward-forward method. Based on the pilot study, the validity and reliability were assessed. The Vitiligo Area and Score Index (VASI), VitiQoL, and their relationship, demographic and clinical characteristic of patients were measured. Results: The Mean and standard deviation of the VitiQoL score was 30.5 ± 14.5 (range 0-60 in Persian version). There was a significant relationship between VASI score and VitiQoL (p = 0.015, r = 0.187). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed three important factors within VitiQoL: participation limitation, stigma, and behavior. In subscale analysis based on behavior factor, female patients had poorer quality of life (p = 0.02). Concomitant psychiatric problems, e.g. anxiety and depression, were not associated with QOL; however, they were near to being meaningful (p = 0.06, r = 0.14). Conclusion: VitiQoL is a valid index in estimating life quality of vitiligo patients and has proper relation to disease severity. Focusing on patient's life quality is an important entity in the management of vitiligo patients; relevant supportive group-based consultations and therapies are also important arms when approaching vitiligo. © 2016 The Author(s)

Scoliosis among male high school students in Ahwaz

History and Objectives: Due to importance of scoliosis on body perception and their adverse side effects and in order to determine the its prevalence among high school students, the present study was undertaken among 11-15 year old male student in Ahwaz. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study on 1033 students by multi-stage random sampling was carried out. Suspected patients were selected and clinical investigations were performed on the basis of radiographic and orthopedic findings. Type of curvatures as to compensative and non-compensative and structural and non-structural were determined. Prevalence was determined in the sample and population as a whole. Results: Prevalence of scoliosis was 1.4 (CI=0.7-2.1) and structural compensative scoliosis were 86 and 71 respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of scoliosis was in the sample under the present study was lower than the similar studies in other countries. Similar studies in other parts of the country and analytical investigations as to cause(s) of the disease are recommended

Scrutiny of underdeveloped nanofluid MHD flow and heat conduction in a channel with porous walls

AbstractIn this paper, laminar fluid flow and heat transfer in channel with permeable walls in the presence of a transverse magnetic field is investigated. Least square method (LSM) for computing approximate solutions of nonlinear differential equations governing the problem. We have tried to show reliability and performance of the present method compared with the numerical method (Runge–Kutta fourth-rate) to solve this problem. The influence of the four dimensionless numbers: the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, Prandtl number and Eckert number on non-dimensional velocity and temperature profiles are considered. The results show analytical present method is very close to numerically method. In general, increasing the Reynolds and Hartman number is reduces the nanofluid flow velocity in the channel and the maximum amount of temperature increase and increasing the Prandtl and Eckert number will increase the maximum amount of theta

Scrutiny of mixed convection flow of a nanofluid in a vertical channel

The laminar fully developed nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a vertical channel are investigated. By means of a new set of similarity variables, the governing equations are reduced to a set of three coupled equations with an unknown constant, which are solved along with the corresponding boundary conditions and the mass flux conservation relation by the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). We have tried to show reliability and performance of the present method compared with the numerical method (Runge–Kutta fourth-rate) to solve this problem. The effects of the Grashof number (Gr), Prandtl number (Pr) and Reynolds number (Re) on the nanofluid flows are then investigated successively. The effects of the Brownian motion parameter (Nb), the thermophoresis parameter (Nt), and the Lewis number (Le) on the temperature and nanoparticle concentration distributions are discussed. The current analysis shows that the nanoparticles can improve the heat transfer characteristics significantly for this flow problem

Study of heat transfer and flow of nanofluid in permeable channel in the presence of magnetic field

In this paper, laminar fluid flow and heat transfer in channel with permeable walls in the presence of a transverse magnetic field is investigated. Least square method (LSM) for computing approximate solutions of nonlinear differential equations governing the problem. We have tried to show reliability and performance of the present method compared with the numerical method (Runge-Kutta fourth-rate) to solve this problem. The influence of the four dimensionless numbers: the Hartmann number, Reynolds number, Prandtl number and Eckert number on non-dimensional velocity and temperature profiles are considered. The results show analytical present method is very close to numerically method. In general, increasing the Reynolds and Hartman number is reduces the nanofluid flow velocity in the channel and the maximum amount of temperature increase and increasing the Prandtl and Eckert number will increase the maximum amount of theta