551 research outputs found
Quantum Quench in the Transverse Field Ising Chain
We consider the time evolution of observables in the transverse field Ising
chain (TFIC) after a sudden quench of the magnetic field. We provide exact
analytical results for the asymptotic time and distance dependence of one- and
two-point correlation functions of the order parameter. We employ two
complementary approaches based on asymptotic evaluations of determinants and
form-factor sums. We prove that the stationary value of the two-point
correlation function is not thermal, but can be described by a generalized
Gibbs ensemble (GGE). The approach to the stationary state can also be
understood in terms of a GGE. We present a conjecture on how these results
generalize to particular quenches in other integrable models.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Quantum Quench in the Transverse Field Ising chain I: Time evolution of order parameter correlators
We consider the time evolution of order parameter correlation functions after
a sudden quantum quench of the magnetic field in the transverse field Ising
chain. Using two novel methods based on determinants and form factor sums
respectively, we derive analytic expressions for the asymptotic behaviour of
one and two point correlators. We discuss quenches within the ordered and
disordered phases as well as quenches between the phases and to the quantum
critical point. We give detailed account of both methods.Comment: 65 pages, 21 figures, some typos correcte
Universal parity effects in the entanglement entropy of XX chains with open boundary conditions
We consider the Renyi entanglement entropies in the one-dimensional XX
spin-chains with open boundary conditions in the presence of a magnetic field.
In the case of a semi-infinite system and a block starting from the boundary,
we derive rigorously the asymptotic behavior for large block sizes on the basis
of a recent mathematical theorem for the determinant of Toeplitz plus Hankel
matrices. We conjecture a generalized Fisher-Hartwig form for the corrections
to the asymptotic behavior of this determinant that allows the exact
characterization of the corrections to the scaling at order o(1/l) for any n.
By combining these results with conformal field theory arguments, we derive
exact expressions also in finite chains with open boundary conditions and in
the case when the block is detached from the boundary.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure
Robotic treatment of colorectal endometriosis: technique, feasibility and short-term results
background: Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a complex disease that impairs the quality of life and the fertility of women. Since
a medical approach is often insufficient, a minimally invasive approach is considered the gold standard for complete disease excision. Roboticassisted
surgery is a revolutionary approach, with several advantages compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery.
methods: From March 2010 to May 2011, we performed 22 consecutive robotic-assisted complete laparoscopic excisions of DIE endometriosis
with colorectal involvement. All clinical data were collected by our team and all patients were interviewed preoperatively and 3 and
6 months post-operatively and yearly thereafter regarding endometriosis-related symptoms. Dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dyspareunia and
dysuria were evaluated with a 10-point analog rating scale.
results: There were 12 patients, with a median larger endometriotic nodule of 35 mm, who underwent segmental resection, and 10
patients, with a median larger endometriotic nodule of 30 mm, who underwent complete nodule debulking by colorectal wall-shaving technique.
No laparotomic conversions were performed, nor was any blood transfusion necessary. No intra-operative complications were
observed and, in particular, there were no inadvertent rectal perforations in any of the cases treated by the shaving technique. None of
the patients had ileostomy or colostomy. No major post-operative complications were observed, except one small bowel occlusion 14
days post-surgery that was resolved in 3 days with medical treatment. Post-operatively, a statistically significant improvement of patient symptoms
was shown for all the investigated parameters.
conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the feasibility and short-term results and complications of laparoscopic
robotic-assisted treatment of DIE with colorectal involvement.We demonstrate that this approach is feasible and safe, without conversion to
laparotomy
Peritoneal carcinosis of ovarian origin
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the second most common
genital malignancy in women and is the most lethal
gynecological malignancy, with an estimated five-year
survival rate of 39%. Despite efforts to develop an effective
ovarian cancer screening method, 60% of patients still
present with advanced disease. Comprehensive management
using surgical cytoreduction to decrease the tumor
load to a minimum, and intraperitoneal chemotherapy to
eliminate microscopic disease on peritoneal surface, has
the potential to greatly improve quality of life and to have
an impact on survival in ovarian cancer patients. Despite
achieving clinical remission after completion of initial treatment,
most patients (60%) with advanced EOC will ultimately
develop recurrent disease or show drug resistance;
the eventual rate of curability is less than 30%. Given the
poor outcome of women with advanced EOC, it is imperative
to continue to explore novel therapies.
Non-equilibrium dynamics of isolated quantum systems
The non-equilibrium dynamics of isolated quantum systems represent a theoretical and experimental challenge raising many fundamental questions with applications to different fields of modern physics. In these proceedings, we briefly review some of the recent findings on the subject, with particular emphasis to the existence of stationary expectation values of local observables and to their statistical mechanics description. It turns out that the appropriate statistical ensemble describing these asymptotic values depends on whether the Hamiltonian governing the time evolution is integrable or not
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