Inter-organizational communities of practice: specificities and stakes

Inter-organizational communities of practice (IOCoPs) are today an emergent research topic and studies in this area are still in an exploratory phase. Theoretical mechanisms are vaguely specified and empirical studies are incipient. For this reason, this paper firstly aims at presenting the specificities and stakes of such organizational forms, establishing reference points for further research in this field. We will introduce the main features of IOCoPs and explain why they do not represent a mere subcategory of CoPs, but a unit of analysis per se. In this paper, we will follow a thematic approach to indicate IOCoPs’ specificities and stakes. We will thus look at the IOCoPs’ actors (in part I), IOCoPs as original organizational forms (part II), then IOCoPs’ life cycle (part III). Finally, we will synthesize IOCoPs’ distinctive features and conclude with a discussion on key interests of IOCoPs for both practitioners and academics.Community of practice; inter-organizational relationships; professional practice; expertise; knowledge management; learning; organizational boundaries; life-cycle

Some conjectures on the two main power indices

The purpose of this paper is to present a structural specification of the Shapley- Shubik and Banzhaf power indices in a weighted voting rule. We compare them in term of the cardinality of the sets of power vectors (PV). This is done in different situations where the quota or the number of seats are fixed or not.Shapley-Shubik, Banzhaf, power index, power vectors.

Derivative-based global sensitivity measures: general links with Sobol' indices and numerical tests

The estimation of variance-based importance measures (called Sobol' indices) of the input variables of a numerical model can require a large number of model evaluations. It turns to be unacceptable for high-dimensional model involving a large number of input variables (typically more than ten). Recently, Sobol and Kucherenko have proposed the Derivative-based Global Sensitivity Measures (DGSM), defined as the integral of the squared derivatives of the model output, showing that it can help to solve the problem of dimensionality in some cases. We provide a general inequality link between DGSM and total Sobol' indices for input variables belonging to the class of Boltzmann probability measures, thus extending the previous results of Sobol and Kucherenko for uniform and normal measures. The special case of log-concave measures is also described. This link provides a DGSM-based maximal bound for the total Sobol indices. Numerical tests show the performance of the bound and its usefulness in practice

Relaxation and hysteresis near Shapiro resonances in a driven spinor condensate

We study the coherent and dissipative aspects of a driven spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) when the Zeeman energy is modulated around a static bias value. Resonances appear when the bias energy matches an integer number of modulation quanta. They constitute the atomic counterpart of Shapiro resonances observed in microwave-driven superconducting Josephson junctions. The population dynamics near each resonance corresponds to slow and non-linear secular oscillations on top of a rapid `micromotion'. At long times and in a narrow window of modulation frequencies around each resonance, we observe a relaxation to asymptotic states that are unstable without drive. These stationary states correspond to phase-locked solutions of the Josephson equations generalized to include dissipation, and are analogous to the stationary states of driven superconducting junctions. We find that dissipation is essential to understand this long-time behavior, and we propose a phenomenological model to explain quantitatively the experimental results. Finally, we demonstrate hysteresis in the asymptotic state of the driven spinor BEC when sweeping the modulation frequency across a Shapiro resonance

Characterization of a Multi-User Indoor Positioning System Based on Low Cost Depth Vision (Kinect) for Monitoring Human Activity in a Smart Home

An increasing number of systems use indoor positioning for many scenarios such as asset tracking, health care, games, manufacturing, logistics, shopping, and security. Many technologies are available and the use of depth cameras is becoming more and more attractive as this kind of device becomes affordable and easy to handle. This paper contributes to the effort of creating an indoor positioning system based on low cost depth cameras (Kinect). A method is proposed to optimize the calibration of the depth cameras, to describe the multi-camera data fusion and to specify a global positioning projection to maintain the compatibility with outdoor positioning systems. The monitoring of the people trajectories at home is intended for the early detection of a shift in daily activities which highlights disabilities and loss of autonomy. This system is meant to improve homecare health management at home for a better end of life at a sustainable cost for the community

A Data Fusion System to Study Synchronization in Social Activities

As the world population gets older, the healthcare system must be adapted, among others by providing continuous health monitoring at home and in the city. The social activities have a significant role in everyone health status. Hence, this paper proposes a system to perform a data fusion of signals sampled on several subjects during social activities. This study implies the time synchronization of data coming from several sensors whether these are embedded on people or integrated in the environment. The data fusion is applied to several experiments including physical, cognitive and rest activities, with social aspects. The simultaneous and continuous analysis of four subjects cardiac activity and GPS coordinates provides a new way to distinguish different collaborative activities comparing the measurements between the subjects and along time.Comment: Healthcom 201

FRAJERMAN (Laurent), BOSMAN (Françoise), CHANET (Jean-François), GIRAULT (Jacques) (éd.), La Fédération de l’Éducation nationale (1928-1992). Histoire et archives en débat

Le syndicalisme enseignant français bénéficie, par rapport à celui d’autres pays, d’un grand nombre d’études, dues pour une part importante à l’impulsion donnée par Jacques Girault, professeur émérite à l’université de Paris-Nord. Au sein du Centre d’histoire sociale de l’université Paris 1, J. Girault a en effet fondé en 1981 le groupe de recherches sur l’histoire du syndicalisme enseignant et universitaire, réunissant à la fois des acteurs et des chercheurs, sur la base d’un partenariat ave..