1,190 research outputs found
Inter-organizational communities of practice: specificities and stakes
Inter-organizational communities of practice (IOCoPs) are today an emergent research topic and studies in this area are still in an exploratory phase. Theoretical mechanisms are vaguely specified and empirical studies are incipient. For this reason, this paper firstly aims at presenting the specificities and stakes of such organizational forms, establishing reference points for further research in this field. We will introduce the main features of IOCoPs and explain why they do not represent a mere subcategory of CoPs, but a unit of analysis per se. In this paper, we will follow a thematic approach to indicate IOCoPsâ specificities and stakes. We will thus look at the IOCoPsâ actors (in part I), IOCoPs as original organizational forms (part II), then IOCoPsâ life cycle (part III). Finally, we will synthesize IOCoPsâ distinctive features and conclude with a discussion on key interests of IOCoPs for both practitioners and academics.Community of practice; inter-organizational relationships; professional practice; expertise; knowledge management; learning; organizational boundaries; life-cycle
Some conjectures on the two main power indices
The purpose of this paper is to present a structural specification of the Shapley- Shubik and Banzhaf power indices in a weighted voting rule. We compare them in term of the cardinality of the sets of power vectors (PV). This is done in different situations where the quota or the number of seats are fixed or not.Shapley-Shubik, Banzhaf, power index, power vectors.
Derivative-based global sensitivity measures: general links with Sobol' indices and numerical tests
The estimation of variance-based importance measures (called Sobol' indices)
of the input variables of a numerical model can require a large number of model
evaluations. It turns to be unacceptable for high-dimensional model involving a
large number of input variables (typically more than ten). Recently, Sobol and
Kucherenko have proposed the Derivative-based Global Sensitivity Measures
(DGSM), defined as the integral of the squared derivatives of the model output,
showing that it can help to solve the problem of dimensionality in some cases.
We provide a general inequality link between DGSM and total Sobol' indices for
input variables belonging to the class of Boltzmann probability measures, thus
extending the previous results of Sobol and Kucherenko for uniform and normal
measures. The special case of log-concave measures is also described. This link
provides a DGSM-based maximal bound for the total Sobol indices. Numerical
tests show the performance of the bound and its usefulness in practice
Relaxation and hysteresis near Shapiro resonances in a driven spinor condensate
We study the coherent and dissipative aspects of a driven spin-1
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) when the Zeeman energy is modulated around a
static bias value. Resonances appear when the bias energy matches an integer
number of modulation quanta. They constitute the atomic counterpart of Shapiro
resonances observed in microwave-driven superconducting Josephson junctions.
The population dynamics near each resonance corresponds to slow and non-linear
secular oscillations on top of a rapid `micromotion'. At long times and in a
narrow window of modulation frequencies around each resonance, we observe a
relaxation to asymptotic states that are unstable without drive. These
stationary states correspond to phase-locked solutions of the Josephson
equations generalized to include dissipation, and are analogous to the
stationary states of driven superconducting junctions. We find that dissipation
is essential to understand this long-time behavior, and we propose a
phenomenological model to explain quantitatively the experimental results.
Finally, we demonstrate hysteresis in the asymptotic state of the driven spinor
BEC when sweeping the modulation frequency across a Shapiro resonance
Characterization of a Multi-User Indoor Positioning System Based on Low Cost Depth Vision (Kinect) for Monitoring Human Activity in a Smart Home
An increasing number of systems use indoor positioning for many scenarios
such as asset tracking, health care, games, manufacturing, logistics, shopping,
and security. Many technologies are available and the use of depth cameras is
becoming more and more attractive as this kind of device becomes affordable and
easy to handle. This paper contributes to the effort of creating an indoor
positioning system based on low cost depth cameras (Kinect). A method is
proposed to optimize the calibration of the depth cameras, to describe the
multi-camera data fusion and to specify a global positioning projection to
maintain the compatibility with outdoor positioning systems.
The monitoring of the people trajectories at home is intended for the early
detection of a shift in daily activities which highlights disabilities and loss
of autonomy. This system is meant to improve homecare health management at home
for a better end of life at a sustainable cost for the community
A Data Fusion System to Study Synchronization in Social Activities
As the world population gets older, the healthcare system must be adapted,
among others by providing continuous health monitoring at home and in the city.
The social activities have a significant role in everyone health status. Hence,
this paper proposes a system to perform a data fusion of signals sampled on
several subjects during social activities. This study implies the time
synchronization of data coming from several sensors whether these are embedded
on people or integrated in the environment. The data fusion is applied to
several experiments including physical, cognitive and rest activities, with
social aspects. The simultaneous and continuous analysis of four subjects
cardiac activity and GPS coordinates provides a new way to distinguish
different collaborative activities comparing the measurements between the
subjects and along time.Comment: Healthcom 201
FRAJERMAN (Laurent), BOSMAN (Françoise), CHANET (Jean-François), GIRAULT (Jacques) (Ă©d.), La FĂ©dĂ©ration de lâĂducation nationale (1928-1992). Histoire et archives en dĂ©bat
Le syndicalisme enseignant français bĂ©nĂ©ficie, par rapport Ă celui dâautres pays, dâun grand nombre dâĂ©tudes, dues pour une part importante Ă lâimpulsion donnĂ©e par Jacques Girault, professeur Ă©mĂ©rite Ă lâuniversitĂ© de Paris-Nord. Au sein du Centre dâhistoire sociale de lâuniversitĂ© Paris 1, J. Girault a en effet fondĂ© en 1981 le groupe de recherches sur lâhistoire du syndicalisme enseignant et universitaire, rĂ©unissant Ă la fois des acteurs et des chercheurs, sur la base dâun partenariat ave..
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