ATLANTIC-CAMTRAPS: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the Atlantic Forest of South America

Our understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. Camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. Here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the Neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. The dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in 144 areas by 74 studies, covering six vegetation types of tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of South America (Brazil and Argentina), and present data on species composition and richness. The complete dataset comprises 53,438 independent records of 83 species of mammals, includes 10 species of marsupials, 15 rodents, 20 carnivores, eight ungulates and six armadillos. Species richness averaged 13 species (±6.07 SD) per site. Only six species occurred in more than 50% of the sites: the domestic dog Canis familiaris, crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, tayra Eira barbara, south American coati Nasua nasua, crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus. The information contained in this dataset can be used to understand macroecological patterns of biodiversity, community, and population structure, but also to evaluate the ecological consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and trophic interactions. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of Americ

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

The photoelectrocatalytic oxidative treatment of textile wastewater containing disperse dyes

This paper presents a study of a prospective photoeletrocatalytic oxidation treatment system for disperse dyes obtained from a textile industry. The process utilizes titanium dioxide thin-film electrodes prepared by the sol-gel method as a photo-oxidative anode. Using UV irradiation and ail applied potential of + 1.0 V on the nanoporous photoanode of Ti/TiO(2) it is Possible to reach a reduction of color removal of 90%, 94% and 100% and 63%, 45% and 61% for TOC removal of DOD, DRD and DRR dyes. The method has been successfully applied to treat textile industry effluent collected at different steps in the industrial process namely before and after conventional wastewater treatment. The results were satisfactory for both effluent samples, leading to a reduction from 52.6% to 69.0% of COD, a diminishing of 80-89% of discoloration and a removal of TOC in the range of 47 to 50%. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Photoeletrocatalytic oxidation of anionic surfactant used in leather industry on nanoporous Ti/TiO2 eletrodes

A oxidação fotoeletrocatalítica de solução 0,009% (m/v) do surfactante aniônico comercial, Tamol®, foi investigada em Na2SO4 0,1 mol L-1 empregando-se ânodos de filme fino de Ti/TiO2. Utilizando-se as melhores condições experimentais, potencial de +1,0 V, irradiação UV e pH 2,0 foi possível obter 100% de remoção do dispersante monitorado por espectrofotometria na região do UV e 94% de remoção de carbono orgânico total (COT) após 90 min de fotoeletrólise. O método foi ainda aplicado para remoção do surfactante na presença do corante acido vermelho 151 e após 90 min de tratamento observa-se que o método promove a remoção de 98% da cor concomitante à diminuição de 81% do carbono orgânico total da solução.The photoeletrocatalytic oxidation of 0.009% (m/v) of commercial surfactant Tamol. in 0.1 mol L-1 Na2SO4 was investigated on thin-film of TiO2 as photoanode. Using the best experimental condition, E = + 1.0 V, pH 2.0 and UV irradiation were obtained 100% of surfactant removal followed by 94% of total organic carbon (TOC) removal after 90 min of photoelectrocatalytic treatment. The method was applied to surfactant removal in the presence of acid red 151 dye. After 90 min of treatment the method promoted 98% of discoloration concomitant to reduction of 81% total organic carbon of the resulting solution.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Degradação fotoeletroquímica de corantes dispersos em efluente têxtil utilizando fotoanodos de Ti/TiO2

The degradation of disperses dyes in aqueous solution and in effluents from textile industry has been investigated by photoelectrocatalytic oxidation using nanoporous thin films electrodes of Ti/TiO2. Samples of dispersil black dye and dispersil blue dye after 300 min of photoelectrolyzed at applied potential of +1.0 V and UV irradiation exhibited 100% of discoloration and 90% and 64% reduction total organic carbon, respectively. The proposed method was applied with success in a textile industry effluent containing residues of these dyes, which after 300 min of treatment leads to reduction of 60% of COD and 64% removal of TOC

Electrochemical oxidation of an acid dye by active chlorine generated using Ti/Sn(1-x)Ir O-x(2) electrodes

The generation of active chlorine on Ti/Sn(1-x)Ir (x) O-2 anodes, with different compositions of Ir (x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.30 ), was investigated by controlled current density electrolysis. Using a low concentration of chloride ions (0.05 mol L-1) and a low current density (5 mA cm(-2)) it was possible to produce up to 60 mg L-1 of active chlorine on a Ti/Sn0.99Ir0.01O2 anode. The feasibility of the discoloration of a textile acid azo dye, acid red 29 dye (C.I. 16570), was also investigated with in situ electrogenerated active chlorine on Ti/Sn(1-x)Ir (x) O-2 anodes. The best conditions for 100% discoloration and maximum degradation (70% TOC reduction) were found to be: NaCl pH 4, 25 mA cm(-2) and 6 h of electrolysis. It is suggested that active chlorine generation and/or powerful oxidants such as chlorine radicals and hydroxyl radicals are responsible for promoting faster dye degradation. Rate constants calculated from color decay versus time reveal a zero order reaction at dye concentrations up to 1.0 x 10(-4) mol L-1. Effects of other electrolytes, dye concentration and applied density currents also have been investigated and are discussed

Oncopig bladder cancer cells recapitulate human bladder cancer treatment responses in vitro

IntroductionBladder cancer is a common neoplasia of the urinary tract that holds the highest cost of lifelong treatment per patient, highlighting the need for a continuous search for new therapies for the disease. Current bladder cancer models are either imperfect in their ability to translate results to clinical practice (mouse models), or rare and not inducible (canine models). Swine models are an attractive alternative to model the disease due to their similarities with humans on several levels. The Oncopig Cancer Model has been shown to develop tumors that closely resemble human tumors. However, urothelial carcinoma has not yet been studied in this platform.MethodsWe aimed to develop novel Oncopig bladder cancer cell line (BCCL) and investigate whether these urothelial swine cells mimic human bladder cancer cell line (5637 and T24) treatment-responses to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and gemcitabine in vitro.ResultsResults demonstrated consistent treatment responses between Oncopig and human cells in most concentrations tested (p>0.05). Overall, Oncopig cells were more predictive of T24 than 5637 cell therapeutic responses. Microarray analysis also demonstrated similar alterations in expression of apoptotic (GADD45B and TP53INP1) and cytoskeleton-related genes (ZMYM6 and RND1) following gemcitabine exposure between 5637 (human) and Oncopig BCCL cells, indicating apoptosis may be triggered through similar signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that swine and humans had similar Dg values between the chemotherapeutics and their target proteins. DiscussionTaken together, these results suggest the Oncopig could be an attractive animal to model urothelial carcinoma due to similarities in in vitro therapeutic responses compared to human cells