IDENTIFICACIÓN DE GENES RESPONSABLES DE RESISTENCIA A CARBAPENEMICOS EN CEPA NOSOCOMIALES DE PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AISLADA EN ALGUNOS HOSPITALES DE MÉXICO

Facultad de Medicin

7ma Semana del diseño

Departamento de Arquitectura y DiseñoLa Semana del Diseño es un evento semestral del Departamento de Arquitectura y Diseño de la Universidad de la Costa (Barranquilla, Colombia) creado en el año 2019. Se trata de un espacio de exposición y concurso en el que se presentan los resultados de los procesos creativos emergentes del aula, enfrentándolos con una cuota de realidad del ejercicio de la profesión, para visibilizar y compartir los alcances en los programas académicos del Departamento con la comunidad universitaria. La Semana del Diseño es un evento que se realiza tradicionalmente en la última semana del Tercer Corte del semestre académico. Una semana cargada de exposiciones donde estudiantes, en compañía de sus profesores, presentarán ante un jurado nacional e internacional los logros reflejados en las dinámicas de enseñanza y aprendizaje de proyecto integral, el cual es una sumatoria de los saberes transversales en cada asignatura del semestre. La semana discurre entre la exposición pública de proyectos a lo largo de todo el campus universitario curada por el Museo de Arte Contemporáneo del Zulia (MACZUL), el concurso de las propuestas presentada ante el jurado y el taller de construcción de pabellones efímeros. Como novedad de esta edición, todos los trabajos seleccionados serán expuestos en el MACZUL y en otro museo de un país latinoamericano por confirmar.1. Configuración del Espacio 2. Relación Sistémica del Espacio 3. El Espacio de la Vivienda 4. El Clima y el Espacio Arquitectónico 5. Espacios Complejos 6. Espacio Patrimonial, Memoria Y Ciudad 7. Espacios de la Ciudad Caribe 8. RETOS - Diseño Interior (Electiva de Profundización) 9. RETOS - Gestión Territorial (Electiva de Profundización): 10. RETOS - Diseño Tecnológico e Innovación (Electiva de Profundización) 11. RETOS - Arquitectura y Emprendimiento (Electiva de Profundización) 12. RETOS - Pensamiento en Arquitectura (Electiva de Profundización) 13. Proyectos de Grado en Arquitectura y Diseño - Pregrado de Arquitectura 14. Electiva de Proyectos de Investigación 1 15. Electiva de Proyectos de Investigación

Clinical Characteristics in the Acute Phase of COVID-19 That Predict Long COVID: Tachycardia, Myalgias, Severity, and Use of Antibiotics as Main Risk Factors, While Education and Blood Group B Are Protective

Background: Risk factors for developing long COVID are not clearly established. The present study was designed to determine if any sign, symptom, or treatment of the acute phase, or personal characteristics of the patient, is associated with the development of long COVID. Methods: A cohort study was carried out, randomly selecting symptomatic COVID-19 patients and not vaccinated. The severity of the acute illness was assessed through the number of compatible COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalizations, and the symptom severity score using a 10-point visual analog scale. Results: After multivariate analysis, a severity score ≥8 (RR 2.0, 95%CI 1.1–3.5, p = 0.022), hospitalization (RR 2.1, 95%CI 1.0–4.4, p = 0.039), myalgia (RR 1.9, 95%CI 1.08–3.6, p = 0.027), tachycardia (RR 10.4, 95%CI 2.2–47.7, p = 0.003), and use of antibiotics (RR 2.0, 95%CI 1.1–3.5, p = 0.022), was positively associated with the risk of having long COVID. Higher levels of education (RR 0.6, 95%CI 0.4–0.9, p = 0.029) and type positive B blood group (B + AB, RR 0.44, 95%CI 0.2–0.9, p = 0.044) were protective factors. The most important population attributable fractions (PAFs) for long COVID were myalgia (37%), severity score ≥8 (31%), and use of antibiotics (27%). Conclusions: Further studies in diverse populations over time are needed to expand the knowledge that could lead us to prevent and/or treat long COVID

Active Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes According to Sites of Care and Age Groups in Mexico: Results from the INVIFAR Network

We analyzed the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data of 6519 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 3985), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 775), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 163), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 781), Enterococcus faecium (n = 124), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 691) from 43 centers in Mexico. AMR assays were performed using commercial microdilution systems (37/43) and the disk diffusion susceptibility method (6/43). The presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes was assessed using PCR. Data from centers regarding site of care, patient age, and clinical specimen were collected. According to the site of care, the highest AMR was observed in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa isolates from ICU patients. In contrast, in A. baumannii, higher AMR was observed in isolates from hospitalized non-ICU patients. According to age group, the highest AMR was observed in the ≥60 years age group for E. coli, E. faecium, and S. aureus, and in the 19–59 years age group for A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. According to clinical specimen type, a higher AMR was observed in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa isolates from blood specimens. The most frequently detected carbapenemase-encoding gene in E. coli was blaNDM (84%)

Drug resistance phenotypes and genotypes in Mexico in representative gram-negative species: Results from the infivar network.

AimThis report presents phenotypic and genetic data on the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and representative carbapenemases-producing Gram-negative species in Mexico.Material and methodsA total of 52 centers participated, 43 hospital-based laboratories and 9 external laboratories. The distribution of antimicrobial resistance data for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, Acinetobacter baumannii complex, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in selected clinical specimens from January 1 to March 31, 2020 was analyzed using the WHONET 5.6 platform. The following clinical isolates recovered from selected specimens were included: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL or carbapenem-resistant E. coli, and K. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii complex, and P. aeruginosa. Strains were genotyped to detect ESBL and/or carbapenemase-encoding genes.ResultsAmong blood isolates, A. baumannii complex showed more than 68% resistance for all antibiotics tested, and among Enterobacteria, E. cloacae complex showed higher resistance to carbapenems. A. baumannii complex showed a higher resistance pattern for respiratory specimens, with only amikacin having a resistance lower than 70%. Among K. pneumoniae isolates, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX were detected in 68.79%, 72.3%, and 91.9% of isolates, respectively. Among E. coli isolates, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX were detected in 20.8%, 4.53%, and 85.7% isolates, respectively. For both species, the most frequent genotype was blaCTX-M-15. Among Enterobacteriaceae, the most frequently detected carbapenemase-encoding gene was blaNDM-1 (81.5%), followed by blaOXA-232 (14.8%) and blaoxa-181(7.4%), in A. baumannii was blaOXA-24 (76%) and in P. aeruginosa, was blaIMP (25.3%), followed by blaGES and blaVIM (13.1% each).ConclusionOur study reports that NDM-1 is the most frequent carbapenemase-encoding gene in Mexico in Enterobacteriaceae with the circulation of the oxacillinase genes 181 and 232. KPC, in contrast to other countries in Latin America and the USA, is a rare occurrence. Additionally, a high circulation of ESBL blaCTX-M-15 exists in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae