Excess Spin and the Dynamics of Antiferromagnetic Ferritin

Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements on a series of synthetic ferritin proteins containing from 100 to 3000 Fe(III) ions are used to determine the uncompensated moment of these antiferromagnetic particles. The results are compared with recent theories of macroscopic quantum coherence which explicitly include the effect of this excess moment. The scaling of the excess moment with protein size is consistent with a simple model of finite size effects and sublattice noncompensation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Postsript figures, 1 table. Submitted to PR

Mathematics of Gravitational Lensing: Multiple Imaging and Magnification

The mathematical theory of gravitational lensing has revealed many generic and global properties. Beginning with multiple imaging, we review Morse-theoretic image counting formulas and lower bound results, and complex-algebraic upper bounds in the case of single and multiple lens planes. We discuss recent advances in the mathematics of stochastic lensing, discussing a general formula for the global expected number of minimum lensed images as well as asymptotic formulas for the probability densities of the microlensing random time delay functions, random lensing maps, and random shear, and an asymptotic expression for the global expected number of micro-minima. Multiple imaging in optical geometry and a spacetime setting are treated. We review global magnification relation results for model-dependent scenarios and cover recent developments on universal local magnification relations for higher order caustics.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures. Invited review submitted for special issue of General Relativity and Gravitatio

Mouse Chromosome 11

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46996/1/335_2004_Article_BF00648429.pd

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

The excretion of hexavalent uranium following intravenous administration. II, Studies on human subjects

Tracer studies employing uranium enriched in the isotopes U{sup 234}, U{sup 235} have been carried out in six human subjects; four males and two females. The uranium, 6 micrograms to 70 micrograms per kilogram of body weight was given intravenously in the hexavalent state as uranyl nitrate. Each individual of the series received a single injection of the metal except for one who was given two widely spaced doses. The first of these was when his condition was normal and the second after an acidosis had been produced by ingestion of ammonium chloride. Renal function tests including urinary catalase, protein, amino N to Creatinine N ratio and clearances of mannitol and p-aminohippurate were done before and after administration of uranium. Only at the 70 microgram per kilogram level in Subject 6 was there a slight rise in urinary catalase and protein suggesting that tolerance had been reached. The excretion of uranium was mainly in the urine, where from 70 to 85% of the administered dose appeared in the first twenty-four hours. Urine of the second twenty-four hours contained about 4% and the third twenty-four hour urine, 1.5% of the administered dose. Detectable amounts were excreted for at least two weeks

Book Reviews

Book Reviews: La 'au Hawai'i: Traditional Hawaiian Use Of Plants by Isabella Aiona Abbott; Advance Force Pearl Harbor: The Imperial Navys Underwater Assault On America by Burl Burlingame; A Century Of Philanthropy: A History Of The Samuel N. And Mary Castle Foundation by Alfred L. Castle; Mr Bligh 's Bad Language: Passion, Power And Theatre On The Bounty by Greg Dening; Treasures Of Hawaiian History: From The Collection Of The Hawaiian Historical Society by David Forbes; The Architecture Of Charles W. Dickey: Hawaii And California by Robert Jay; Native Land And Foreign Desire - Pehea La E Pono Ai? by Lilikala Kame' Eleihiwa; Anahulu: The Anthropology Of History In The Kingdom Of Hawaii by Patrick V. Kirch And Marshall Sahlins; Called From Within: Early Women Lawyers Ofhawai Ei by Mari J. Matsuda; The Apotheosis Of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking In The Pacific by Gananath Obeyesekere; Heiau Of The Island Of Hawaii by John F. G. Stokes; Polynesian Herbal Medicine by W. Arthur Whistler; Hawai'i Volcano Watch: A Pictorial History 1779-1991 by Thomas L. Wright, Taeko Jane Takahashi, And J. D. Griggs; Tide And Current: Fishponds Of Hawai'i by Carol Araki Wyba

PNPO deficiency: an under diagnosed inborn error of pyridoxine metabolism.

The rare autosomal recessive disorder pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) deficiency is a recently described cause of neonatal and infantile seizures. Clinical evaluation, and biochemical and genetic testing, were performed on a neonate with intractable seizures who did not respond to anticonvulsant drugs and pyridoxine. Sequencing of the PNPO gene revealed a novel homozygous c.284G>A transition in exon 3, resulting in arginine to histidine substitution and reduced activity of the PNPO mutant to 18% relative to the wild type. This finding enabled molecular prenatal diagnosis in a subsequent pregnancy, accurate genetic counseling in the large inbred family, and population screening